Sanitation and Health

NEGROS WATER SUMMIT

February 27-28, 2020
Bacolod City, Negros Oriental
 DOH-Environmental Sanitation Program

GOALS :

•To decrease the morbidity and mortality secondary to food,

water and sanitation - related diseases in the country.

•To ensure and promote safe drinking water to all.

•To promote hygienic and proper management of human

excreta and domestic waste water.
OBJECTIVES :

•Increase awareness on environmental health to ensure behavior

change.

•Advocate and further influence policy makers from national, regional

and local level.

•Strengthen technical assistance to DOH Regional Offices.

•Ensure the effective and proper implementation of the Sanitation

Code and other environmental sanitation policies.

•Strengthen monitoring and evaluation.

•Develop, implement and effectively enforce guidelines and

standards.
 DRINKING-WATER SAFETY
Objective Program/Activities Partner/Stakeholder
To provide and • Setting National INTER-AGENCY
promote safe Policy on Water •IACEH (11)
drinking-water to all Quality Standards •NWRB, LWUA, DILG, DSWD,
• Water Safety Plan DepEd
• Drinking-Water •Drinking-Water Service
Quality Surveillance Providers
•LGUs
•INGOs: WHO, UNICEF, ADB,
USAID
•Academe
INTRA-AGENCY
•HFDB, HEMB, EB, BLHD,
HPCS, HHRDB, BIHC, FDA
DISEASES RELATED TO WATER

oWater-washed diseases - due to lack of water and poor personal

hygiene e.g. scabies, trachoma and flea, lice and tick-borne
diseases

oWater-based diseases - infectious diseases transmitted through

an aquatic invertebrate organism e.g. Schistosomiasis,
Leptospirosis

oWater-vector borne diseases are diseases transmitted by insects

harboring and propagating in water e.g. dengue, filariasis, malaria,
yellow fever, chikungunya, zika virus

oWaterborne diseases caused by the ingestion of water

contaminated by human or animal feces or urine containing
pathogenic bacteria or viruses e.g. cholera, typhoid, amoebic and
bacillary dysentery and other diarrheal diseases
WATER SUPPLY SANITATION

oWater supply sanitation is one of the top priority activities in

the field of Environmental Sanitation.

oIn the local health setting, it is the responsibilities of the

Sanitation Inspector (SI) to safeguard the quality of drinking
water of their constituents.
 
oTo ensure the quality of drinking water is fit for human
consumption at all times by having an effective water quality
surveillance program.
DOH Mandate and Policies on Water

•PD 856 – Sanitation Code of the Philippines and its Implementing

Rules and Regulations (IRRs)/Supplemental IRRs

•DOH AO 2014-0027 dated September 4, 2014 – National Policy on

Water Safety Plan (WSP) for all Drinking Water Service Provider. The
Plan ensure the safety of drinking water through the use of a
comprehensive risk assessment and risk management approach that
encompasses all steps in water supply from catchment to consumer.

•AO 2017-0006 dated April 20, 2017 – Guidelines for the Review and
Approval of Water Safety Plans of Drinking Water Service Providers

•AO 2017-0010 dated June 23, 2017 – Philippine National Standards

for Drinking Water of 2017. This Order prescribe the the standards and
procedures on drinking water quality to protect public/consumer’s
health.
Local Drinking Water Quality Monitoring
Committee
• Section 3.5 of the IRR of Chapter II – Water
Supply of PD 856 states that the local health
authority shall establish a Water Surveillance
Program through the creation of local drinking
water quality monitoring committee

• ROLE OF LDWQMC

• To oversee the operation of the water systems and

the quality of water produced and distributed by the
water provider

• Monitor the implementation of the implementing

rules and regulations of the Code on Sanitation
Sanitation

Sanitation refers to the hygienic and

proper management, collection,
disposal or reuse of human excreta
and community liquid waste to
safeguard the health of individuals
and communities.

9
 SANITATION
Objective Program/Activities Partner/Stakeholder
To promote hygienic • Setting National Policy on INTER-AGENCY
and proper management Sanitation •IACEH (11)
of human excreta and • Zero Open Defecation •NGAs: DSWD, DepEd
domestic wastewater, Program •LGUs
• Phased-Approach to •INGOs: World Bank,
Sustainable Sanitation UNICEF, WHO, ADB ,
(PHATS) USAID
• Onsite Sanitation and •Academe
Septage Management INTRA-AGENCY
Program •HFDB, HEMB, EB, BLHD,
• Advocacy Activities (e.g. HPCS, HHRDB, BIHC
National Search for
Barangays with Best
Sanitation Practices; Most
Improved LGUs with
Environmental Health
Services)
Excreta
Human waste composed of urine and feces

Domestic Sewage
Wastewater composed of untreated human waste coming
from residential and commercial sources. Domestic sewage
does not include industrial and/or hazardous wastes.

Wastewater composed of raw liquid and solid waste coming

from residential and commercial uses
 XVII

Stipulates the scope and supervision of the

Secretary of Health in approving, design and
specifications of proposed excreta or sewage
disposal systems including the operation of
sewage treatment works, disposal and septic
tank effluents and drainage
 Scope of Supervision of the Department of Health

 construction of any approved type of toilet

 plans of individual sewage disposal system and the
sub- surface absorption system or other treatment
devices
 location of any toilet or sewage disposal system in relation to a
source of water supply
 plans, designs, data and specifications of a new or existing
sewerage system or sewage treatment plant
 the discharge of untreated effluent of septic tanks and/or sewage
treatment plant to bodies of water
 manufacture of septic tanks
 method of disposal of sludge from septic tanks or other treatment
plants
Approved Excreta Disposal Facilities

Flush toilets
• Properly connected to a community sewer
• Connected to a septic tank constructed in accordance with
PD856 Chapter XVII

Any approved type pit privy

Any disposal device approved by the Secretary or his duly

authorized representative
 Septic
Tanks
 Where a public sewerage system is not available
 Minimum requirements of septic tank
• Rectangular in shape. The 1st compartment shall have
the capacity from ½ to 2/3 of the total volume of the
tank
• Built of concrete
• Shall NOT be constructed under any building and
within 25m from any source of water supply
 Disposal of septic tank effluent
• Sub-surface soil
• Absorption field where applicable
• Treated with some type of purification device
Maintenance of Septic Tank

1.Septic tanks shall be cleaned before excessive sludge or

scum is allowed to accumulate and seriously reduce the
settling efficiency.

2.Septic tank shall be inspected at least once a year and be

cleaned when the bottom of the scum is within 3 inches of
the bottom of the outlet device or the sludge and scum has
reduced the liquid capacity by 50%.

3.A small residual of sludge shall be left in the tank for

seeding purposes.
SCOPE OF APPLICATION

Engaged in the desludging,

collection, handling and transport,
treatment and disposal of domestic
sludge and septage
ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION CLEARANCE

Environmental Sanitation
Clearance (ESC) from the
Secretary of Health or the
Director of the concerned DOH
Center for Health Development
(CHD) as his duly authorized
representative prior to operation
ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION CLEARANCE

The notarized ESC application

shall be filed with the
City/Municipal Health Office
and then be forwarded to the
DOH CHD for validation.

The ESC is a prerequisite to

the issuance of Sanitary Permit
Local Government Units (LGUs) - City/Municipality

o Formulates and legislates

ordinances
o Receives and reviews notarized
ESC application, conducts site
inspection and recommends
action.
o Issues Health Certificate and
Sanitary Permit and other permits
o Implements the posting of
Sanitation Standard Rating
Sticker
o Revokes the Sanitary Permit of
the Operator
Zero Open Defecation Program (ZODP)

• Changing the traditional approach, the ZODP utilize

community led approaches which maximize community
participation with the aim of empowering communities to
make decisions and to take actions in improving their
sanitation conditions
The CLTS Triggering
Process

Urgent
collective
action to
SHOCK, become Zero
SHAME Open
AND Defecation
DISGUST
(ZOD) status
 Advocacy activities on water and sanitation e.g. ZOD Declaration
and the Barangay with Best Sanitation Practices
Guidelines on the Implementation of the Philippine
Approach to Sustainable Sanitation (PhATSS)

Salient Features :

•Convert the national sanitation goals into

doable steps.

•Combination of programmatic approaches,

technologies and services that need to be put
in place based on the specific context of each
geographical unit.

•A verification and certification mechanism

that tracks the sanitation situation of each
community

•LGU assessment of the performance to take

supportive action and mobilize resources
towards the improvement of sanitation
conditions.
National Standard on the Design, Construction,
Operation and Maintenance of Septic Tank Systems

Salient Features :

•Proper design of septic tank (minimum of

2 chambers)

•Proper location of septic tank when

constructed

•Regular desludging of septic tank

•Materials prohibited to discharge to the

septic tank
Goal 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere
Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and
improved nutrition...
Available and
Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-
sustainably
being for all…
managed
Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality WASH
education... underpins the
achievement of
Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower most SDGs
all women and girls
Goal 8: Promote sustained, inclusive and
sustainable economic growth...
 Engr. Rolando I. Santiago, MMPA, MPH
Supervising Health Program Officer
Environmental Related Diseases Division
Disease Prevention and Control Bureau
epartment of Health