EMPLOYEE’S

PERCEPTION TOWARDS
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
AND SAFETY OF LIAHONA
HUMAN RESOURCE
SERVICE
INTRODUCTION
 Health and safety of the employees are important
concepts that need to be focused upon, in order to lead to
effective growth and development of the organization
and its employees
 Human factors contributed to 80 – 90% of all industrial
accidents as people neglected the correct procedure in
doing their job. For that reason, effective health and
safety management and its relation to productivity have
been considered an important element when managing
the interaction between systems and people.
INTRODUCTION
 the implementation of effective occupational health
and safety (OHS) management in organizations will
assist to resolve OHS problems successfully and is
also a means to legal compliance. In addition, the
need for research on the effectiveness of OHS
management is vital to ensure continuous OHS
performance improvement.
 The purpose of this study is to present an overview of
employees’ perception of occupational health and
safety management in meeting their OHS obligations.
Heinrich's Domino Theory
 Heinrich's domino theory, the domino theory of
accident causation, was developed by Herbert W.
Heinrich in 1930’s.
 the theory highlights that 88% of occupational
accidents are caused by unsafe acts of persons,
10% by unsafe conditions and 2% by the
occurrence of natural causes (Abdelhamid &
Everett, cited by Mohamed, Z., & Zin, S. M. 2021).
Resource-based View (RBV) Theory

 The RBV serves the health and safety management by

focusing on the role of human capital in strategic
planning and safety management practices.
 Furthermore, the RBV encourages safety management
practices and their effects on firm resources (Delery,;
Wright, Dunford & Snell, cited by Mat, R. C. et al
2021).
 As for this study, the concept of safety management
capabilities is used to analyse the safety performance
success of the firm.
Conceptual Framework
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine the employee’s perception on the
health and safety management of Liahona Human Resource
Services.

It seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of respondents in terms of

1.1 age
1.2 sex
1.3 length of service in the company
1.4 position
Statement of the Problem

2. What are the perceptions of the respondents on the

health and safety management of the company?

2.1 workplace health and safety policies and

procedures
2.2 participation in occupational health and safety
Statement of the Problem
3. Is there a significant difference in the perceptions
of the respondents on the health and safety
management of the company when they are grouped
according to their profile?

4. What plan of action recommendation to ensure the

health and safety of Liahona human resource
services?
Hypothesis
From the problem stated above, the hypothesis is
formulated:

Ho: There is no significant difference in the

perceptions of the respondents on the health and
safety management of the company when they are
grouped according to their profile?
Scope and Delimitation
The main purpose of this study was to give information
and examine the perceptions of employees on
Occupational Health and Safety Management in their
workplace and how important OHS is in the lifestyle of
every employee inside the company.

The researchers limit the study to 134 male and female

employees of Liahona Human Resource Development.
Each of the respondents is given a questionnaire to
answer.
Research Design

This study is quantitative research and

makes use of descriptive methods.
Sampling Technique

In this study, the researchers applied a

probability random sampling.

The respondents of this study are the 134

employees of Liahona Human Resource
Service .
Statistical treatment

Where:
WM = Weighted Mean
X = Number of Respondents
F = Weight given to each respondent
N = Number of Population
Statistical Treatment

Where:
% - Percentage
F – Frequency
N- Total number of populations
Statistical Treatment

Four point Likert Scale

SCALE NUMERICAL RATING DESCRIPTIVE READING

4 4 STRONGLY AGREE

3 3 AGREE

2 2 DISAGREE

1 1 STRONGLY DISAGREE
Chapter 4 Findings
1. What is the demographic profile of respondents in
terms of
1.1 Age
1.2 Sex
1.3 length of service in the company
1.4 position
1.1 Age

Age Frequency Percentage

20-29 years 47 35.1%

30-39 years 56 41.8%

40 years & above 31 23.1%

Total 134
1.2 Sex

Sex Frequency Percentage

Male 12 9.0%

Female 122 91.0%

Total 134  
1.3 Length of Service

Length of Service Frequency Percentage

less than 1 year 39 29.1%

1 year 25 18.7%

2 years 31 23.1%

3 years 21 15.7%

4 years or more 18 13.4%

Total 134  
1.4 Position

Position Frequency Percentage

Utility Services 28 20.9%

Production Line 85 63.4%

Clerical Work 21 15.7%

Total 134  
 Findings
2. What are the perceptions of the respondents on the
health and safety management of the company?
2.1 workplace health and safety policies and
procedures
2.2 participation in occupational health and safety
 2.1 workplace health and safety policies and
procedures

Indicative Statements Mean SD Scaled Response Perception

1.Everyone receives the necessary workplace health and safety 2.35 0.73 Disagree Vague
training when starting a job, changing jobs, or using new techniques

2.There is regular communication between employees and 2.28 0.81 Disagree Vague
management about safety issues

3.Systems are in place to identify, prevent and deal with hazards at 2.26 0.78 Disagree Vague
work

4.Workplace health and safety are considered to be as important as 2.28 0.86 Disagree Vague
production and quality

5.There is at least a health and safety representative or a committee in 2.22 0.85 Disagree Vague
the company

6.Incidents and accidents are investigated quickly in order to improve 2.16 0.80 Disagree Vague
workplace health and safety

7.Communication about workplace health and safety procedures is 2.28 0.77 Disagree Vague
done in a way that I can understand

Composite Mean 2.26 0.80 Disagree Vague

 2.2 Participation in occupational health and
safety

Scaled
Indicative Statements Mean SD Perception
Response
1. I feel free to voice concerns or make 2.40 0.89 Disagree Vague
suggestions about workplace health and
safety at my job
2.If I notice a workplace hazard, I would 2.61 0.96 Agree Clear
point it out to management
3.If my work environment was unsafe, I 2.58 0.90 Agree Clear
would address it immediately with the
management
4.I have enough time to complete my work 2.50 0.89 Agree Clear
tasks safely
Composite Mean 2.52 0.91 Agree Clear
Findings
3. Is there a significant difference in the
perceptions of the respondents on the
health and safety management of the
company when they are grouped according
to their profile?
Comparison of perceptions on health and safety
management across age

  Age Mean F-stat p-value Interpretation

Occupational health and 20-29 years 2.68 4.215 0.017 Significant

safety awareness 30-39 years 2.76
  40 years &
3.04      
above
Workplace policies and 20-29 years 2.29 5.455 0.005 Significant
procedures 30-39 years 2.09
  40 years &
2.51      
above
Participation in occupational 20-29 years 2.44 6.345 0.002 Significant
health and safety 30-39 years 2.37
  40 years &
2.93      
above
 Post Hoc Analysis for Comparison of perceptions on
health and safety management across age

Mean
p-value Interpretation
  Pairwise Comparison Difference
Occupational health 20-29 years 30-39 years 0.108 0.736 Not Significant
and safety awareness 40 years &
above 0.127 0.015 Significant
40 years &
30-39 years above 0.122 0.064 Not Significant
Workplace policies 20-29 years 30-39 years 0.112 0.177 Not Significant
and procedures 40 years &
above 0.130 0.239 Not Significant
40 years &
30-39 years above 0.126 0.004 Significant
Participation in 20-29 years 30-39 years 0.144 0.861 Not Significant
occupational health 40 years &
and safety above 0.169 0.013 Significant
40 years &
30-39 years above 0.163 0.002 Significant
 Comparison of perceptions on health and safety
management across sex

  Sex Mean t-stat p-value Interpretation

Occupational health and safety

Male 2.86 0.389 0.698
awareness Not Significant
Female 2.79      
Workplace policies and
Male 2.23 -0.212 0.832
procedures Not Significant
Female 2.26      
Participation in occupational
Male 2.50 -0.107 0.915
health and safety Not Significant
Female 2.52      
 Comparison of perceptions on health and safety
management across length of service

  Service Mean F-stat p-value Interpretation

Occupational health and less than 1 year 2.66 1.711 0.151 Not Significant
safety awareness 1 year 2.71
2 years 2.86
3 years 2.88
4 years or more 3.03      
Workplace policies and less than 1 year 2.11 3.007 0.054 Not Significant
procedures 1 year 2.14
2 years 2.24
3 years 2.36
4 years or more 2.67      
Participation in occupational less than 1 year 2.08 6.519 0.000 Significant
health and safety 1 year 2.45
2 years 2.75
3 years 2.83
4 years or more 2.82      
 Post Hoc Analysis for Comparison of perceptions on
participation in occupational health and safety across length of
service

Mean
  p-value Interpretation
Pairwise Comparison Difference
Participation in less than 1 year 1 year -0.029 1.000 Not Significant
occupational
health and safety 2 years -0.122 0.897 Not Significant
 
3 years -0.247 0.486 Not Significant

4 years or more -0.553 0.007 Significant

1 year 2 years -0.093 0.973 Not Significant
3 years -0.218 0.685 Not Significant

4 years or more -0.524 0.025 Significant

2 years 3 years -0.125 0.933 Not Significant
4 years or more -0.431 0.079 Not Significant
3 years 4 years or more -0.306 0.442 Not Significant
 Comparison of perceptions on health and safety
management across position

  Position Mean F-stat p-value Interpretation

Occupational health and Utility
safety awareness Services 2.77 3.008 0.053 Not Significant
Production
Line 2.74

Clerical Work 3.07      

Workplace policies and Utility
procedures Services 2.12 1.065 0.348 Not Significant
Production
Line 2.31

Clerical Work 2.25      

Participation in occupational Utility
health and safety Services 2.29 7.837 0.001 Significant
Production
Line 2.46

  Clerical Work 3.07      

 Post Hoc Analysis for Comparison of perceptions on
participation in occupational health and safety across position

Mean
  p-value Interpretation
Pairwise Comparison Difference
Participation in Utility Services Production Line -0.179 0.493 Not Significant
occupational Clerical Work -0.786 0.001 Significant
health and safety Production Line Clerical Work -0.607 0.002 Significant
 SOP Findings Conclusion Recommendation

1. What is the • The majority of the Most of the The company

demographi respondents are clustered employees are should provide a
c profile of around the two youngest age women and thorough training
groups as 41.8% are in their
respondents most of them program on
thirties and 35.1% are in their
in terms of: twenties. are in their workplace safety.
• The respondents are thirties with at Inform new hires
1.1 Age predominantly female. least 2 to 3 about the company's
1.2 Sex • The largest proportion of years of service safety regulations
1.3 Length of respondents has been in in the company for the workplace
service in the service for less than a year as production and accessibility of
company while the next largest line operators. safety information
1.4 Position proportion has been in for employees.
service for 2 years
• The majority of the
respondents are assigned to
the production line while
15.7% are office staff. The
rest of the respondents are
assigned to utility services.
SOP Findings Conclusion Recommendation

2. What are the • The findings stated that the respondents are clear The company The company
about their rights and responsibilities concerning
perceptions of workplace health and safety in terms of
has a poor should connect
the occupational health and safety awareness with the implementati more to their
respondents on highest mean of 3.58 which shows that they have a on of work employees,
the health and very clear perception towards it. procedures implement their
• The findings also found out that the respondents
safety knowledge on assisting and responding to any and policies. work policies and
management health and safety concerns at their workplace was procedures clearly
of the assessed with the mean of 2.56 which stated as without
clear perception.
company? • In terms of work and policies procedures, the
confusions and
respondents have a vague perception. It shows that make extra effort
2.1 workplace the company have slow investigation in every to train them. The
health and incidents happened in their workplace with a mean company should
of 2.16 which stated as vague perception.
safety policies • In participation of respondents in occupational investigate more
and procedures health and safety the findings shows that the quickly during
respondents have a clear perception on pointing incidents to
out the management if they notice a workplace
2.2 hazard with a mean of 2.61. The findings also improve
participation in shows that the freedom of respondents to voice out workplace safety.
occupational their concerns or make suggestions about
health and workplace health and safety at their job was
assessed with the lowest mean of 2.40 which as
safety stated that the respondents have a vague perception
towards it.
 SOP Findings Conclusion Recommendation

3. Is there a • In comparison based on the age of Those The company

respondents, the findings revealed that
significant
the adults or the oldest respondents
employees in should produce
difference in the have a higher mean perception or their forties and programs and
perceptions of the clearer perceptions towards health and up have a clearer policies that can
respondents on the safety management than the younger perception relate or connect to
health and safety age groups of respondents.
management of the • In comparison based on the sex of towards health the younger group
company when respondents, the findings stated that and safety of employees.
they are grouped both genders have similar mean management.
perception towards health and safety
according to their management.
profile? • In comparison on the respondent’s
length of service in the company, it
reveals that the respondents who have
been employed in the company for so
long has a clearer perception towards
health and safety management
compared to the respondents who have
been employed for a year or less.
• In comparison based on the
respondent’s position, respondents
doing clerical work have a
significantly clearer perception in
participation on occupational health
and safety compared to the other
groups of respondents.
4. What plan of action recommendation to ensure the health and safety of
Liahona human resource services?

  Action How to implement? Responsible Target Timescale

Person(s)
1 Improve effectiveness of communication with Provide guidance to sites on Human resource August 2022 – on going
  employees. how to run effective health & Personnel
safety committees.
 
Collate and review records from
Health and Safety Committee
meetings to ensure that they are
effective.
2 Involve employees in improving safety Connect to the employees. Human resource August 2022 – on going
  Know their opinions by Personnel
  carrying out a survey.
Understand workforce attitudes towards health
and safety on each site.
3 Give employees a proper training based on Assign 1 skilled trainer per one Human resource August 2022 – on going
their specific job employee Personnel
4 Consider what employees want to improve Create a freedom wall for them, Human resource Annually
where in they can express what Personnel
they want to point out.
5 Improve workforce health and safety Develop peer to peer behavioral Human resource August 2022 – on going
awareness. based training program. Personnel
6 Take action to reduce higher risk areas Identify 3 Key Accident Target Human resource August 2022 – on going
including those that have the potential to result Areas to focus on. Personnel
in the most common and most serious
accidents
THANK YOU!