PNEUMATIC APPLICATION IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY

~AIR JET LOOM

Presented By:
Harshita Kumar
Sneha Pathak
Srayoshi Datta
Pneumatics
 Pneumatic systems used in industry are commonly powered by compressed
air or compressed inert gases.

 A centrally located and electrically-powered compressor powers cylinders, air

motors, pneumatic actuators, and other pneumatic devices.

 A pneumatic system controlled through manual or automatic solenoid

valves is selected when it provides a lower cost, more flexible, or safer
alternative to electric motors, and hydraulic actuators.
What Is Air Jet Loom?

 An air-jet loom is a shuttle less loom that uses a jet of air to propel the 

weft yarn through the warp shed.
 Machinery used in fluid-jet weaving consists of a main nozzle, auxiliary
nozzles or relay nozzles, and a profile reed.
 Air-jet looms are capable of producing standard household and apparel fabrics
for items such as shirts, denim, sheets, towels, and sports apparel, as well as
industrial products such as printed circuit board cloths. 
 Heavier yarns are more suitable for air-jet looms than lighter yarns.
Parts Of Air Jet Looms

 Weft Accumulator: It is advice which fitted between weft package and main nozzle
that unwinds a predetermined length of weft from the package and store it in the
form of no. of coils on a cylindrical drum. This yarn then fed in to insertion device.
 Weft Break Sensor: It is an electric sensor which detect any weft break in the
region between weft package and accumulator and automatically stop the loom in
case any weft break.
 Main Nozzle: Its function is to form the air jet from compressed air with the
required velocity and acceleration characteristics and project it in a proper
direction in to air guide channel.
 Relay Nozzle: Fitted in series along the sley. It creates an additional air flow
in the direction of air jet. So as to comensate the loss of air velocity.
 Reed: Here the reed is profiled. So as to form a guide channel which guide
the air jet as well as weft during insertion.
 Stretch Nozzle: Located just beside the weft detector .It supplement the
effect of enhanced stretching action on the weft by the closely spaced relay
nozzle at the end of insert ion. So as to prevent the chance of weft recoiling
due to action of stopper.
Principle
 The working principle is to use air as the weft insertion medium, and the
compressed airflow is used to pull the frictional traction force of the weft
yarn, and the weft yarn is taken through the shed, and the jet generated by
the jet is used to achieve the purpose of weft insertion.
 This weft insertion method enables the weaving machine to achieve high
speed and high yield.
 Compressed air is used to insert the thread into the shed. The main weft
insertion mechanism is generally mounted at left side in most of the loom.
The weft yarn package is mounted on the creel. There may be four packages
mounted on the creel.
Advantages
 High productivity
 Low noise and vibration levels
 Standard width of air jet loom is 190cm.
 Weft insertion performance is too much here (normally 600pm).
 It consumes very low power.

Disadvantages
 Broken pick or miss pick has occurred due to excess air pressure of main nozzle.
 In case of air jet loom, pile up and buckle tip of yarn formed due to air resistance.
 Double pick may occur in air jet loom.
 Loom of weft yarn along weft direction formed due to variation of air pressure.
THANK YOU