JAKARTA TOWARDS A RESILIENT

CITY

Oswar M. Mungkasa
(Deputy Governor of Jakarta for Spatial Planning and Environment)

Rethinking our City Planning in a Changing Climates

Jakarta, 27 January 2017
Outline

Climate Change and Global Warming

Commitment of DKI Jakarta

Approach Towards a Sustainable and Resilient Jakarta

Future of DKI
Collaboration Jakarta – What Next
Program
 Climate Change & Global Warming
What’s the difference ?
Global Warming Climate Change
 Refers to the rise in global average   Refers to the change in climates around the world
temperature. over time. Due to the effects of the increase in global
average temperature, among other things.
 Caused by GreenHouse gass emission
 Climate change means more than just a change in
temperature, but a change in global weather
patterns.  For example, changes in precipitation
Greenhouse Greenhouse Effect patterns, increased prevalence of droughts, heat
Gas emission waves, and other extreme weather.
 Human greenhouse gas emissions are causing global
Global Warming warming, which in turn is causing climate change.

Climate Change
Climate Change Fact In Jakarta
 According to the Economy and Environment Program for
South East Asia (EEPSEA), Jakarta is the city most prone to
climate change in South East Asia.
 Jakarta has been experiencing extreme weather for more
than a decade.
 Land subsidence has worsened. According to the Energy and
Industrial Agency of DKI Jakarta, land subsidence in some
area of the city has reached 26.6 centimeters from 2008 to
2010.
 Rising sea level; even a study from 1999-2000 had already
shown rises in sea level by 5-10 mm per year.
 Acute flooding issue. The flood that occurred on March 2016
reached up to 2 meters high, and caused more than 2,000
people to evacuate.
National Commitment and
DKI Jakarta
 Jakarta Commitment in Climate Change and Global Warming Impact
• In year 2007,
Jakarta join C40 Cities Climate
Leadership Group which is an association of big
cities that commits to resolve climate change and
global warming.
• In year 2009 at COP 15 in Denmark, DKI
Jakarta commits to reduce greenhouse gas
emission (GRK) by 30% in the year of 2030.
• Develop a strategic plan : Commitment to
reduce greenhouse gas emission (GRK) by
30% in the year of 2030 was ratified in RTRW
DKI Jakarta Province 2010 – 2030 and
continue with the making of academic studies
about local action plan/rencana aksi daerah
(RAD) in an effort to reduce greenhouse gas
emission and roadmap design.
• In year 2012
Governor Regulation 38/2012 on Green
Building
Governor Regulation 131/2012 : Regional
action plan for reduction of greenhouse gas
emissions
• In year 2015 :
The Review of Governor Regulation 131/2012 on
Regional Action Plan GHG Emission Reduction
• In Year 2016 :
Preparation of Grand Design Green Building
Jakarta and strengthening the position of the city
government as a Centre of Excellence for green
buildings which is marked by the signing of a
commitment to reduce the energy consumption of
water, and CO2 emissions from buildings in
the capital by 30% in 2030
JAKARTA COMMITMENT 30 : 30

WORKSHOP GRAND DESIGN GREEN BUILDING, 1 JUNI 2016

 Controlling the impact of climate change
Jakarta as a city of resilience
• Jakarta as one of the major cities in the world, need to ensure that the resilience of the city
should be a concern in planning for communities, infrastructure, and environment.

• Resilience covers aspects of resilience in social, economic, impacts of climate change and
natural disasters, physical and infrastructure, as well as institutions in the face of drastic
changes.

• In the face of climate change, the efforts made by Jakarta is the mitigation and adaptation.
MITIGATION : series of activities undertaken in an effort to reduce the level of
greenhouse gas emissions as an effort to overcome the impact of climate change.
ADAPTATION : Efforts are being made to improve the ability to adapt to the impacts of
climate change.
 Three Ways

JAKART CHANGING PARADIGM

A INTERNALIZING
Approach Towards a
Sustainable and Resilient
Jakarta
IMPLEMENTING MAIN PROGRAM
 Raise Public
Awareness

Pro Climate Sub District Program

CHANGING (Program Kampung Iklim/Proklim)

PARADIGM
Child-friendly Open Public Space (Ruang
Terbuka Publik Ramah Anak)
Pro Climate Sub District Program (Program Kampung Iklim/Proklim)

RW 07 Kelurahan Kebayoran Lama Selatan, Kecamatan Kebayoran Lama,

Jakarta Selatan
Pro Climate Sub District Program (Program Kampung Iklim/Proklim)

RW 02 Kelurahan Malaka Sari, Kecamatan Duren

Sawit, Jakarta Timur
Proklim Location DKI Jakarta 2016
Child-friendly Integrated Public Space
(Ruang Terbuka Publik Ramah Anak)

Community Participation
- Biophores
Internalizing

Grand Design Green Building

Establishing Knowledge Management

(Jakarta Smart City)
 Grand Design Green Building
30:30 Commitment
Jakarta Green Building Implementation

 First Megapolitan city mandated Green Building Regulation

 Vision: Centre of Excellence on Green Buildings in Indonesia
 Target of achieving reduced consumption of energy, water and CO₂ emissions
respectively by 30 % in 2030

Rusunawa Daan Mogot

 The Benefits equivalent to…

30% ± 32000
Konservasi Unit Rusun 1300 W
energi
3785 s.d. tahun

GWh 2030
30% ± 815000
Reduksi Emisi CO₂ Batang Pohon

3,37 s.d. tahun

Juta Ton CO₂E 2030
30% ± 1100
Konservasi air Unit Rusun

2,4 s.d. tahun

Milyar liter 2030
 Establishing Knowledge Management :
Jakarta Smart City

Smartcity.jakarta.go.id is a website which

uses the Google Maps engine and data
from smartphone traffic application Waze.
The website is also integrated with the
Qlue and CROP Jakarta applications.

Qlue is a crowd-sourcing smartphone

application in which users can report
various incidents such as flood, crime,
fire or waste, and city officials will
respond through the CROP Jakarta
smartphone application
TECHNOLOGY BASED PLANNING AND MONITORING
Jakarta Smart City

smartcity.jakarta.go.id
• To give access for citizen to be fully
able participating in monitoring and
evaluation of Jakarta development
performed by the government
• To endorse sense of belonging of
Jakarta citizen to their home
ANDROID APPLICATION:
QLUE AND CROP

QLUE enables citizen to report in real time

every problem they want to report to the
Governor:
- Traffic
- Sanitation
- Land Use Violation
- Flood
- Other Disaster

As a response, the Government must

download CROP in their android, to receive
report from QLUE and in some required
time, response must be delivered to follow
up the report
smartcity.jakarta.go.id

• Traffic Report
• Citizen REPORT/COMPLAIN
• Disaster Management
• Spatial Planning Regulation
• Other Supporting Information (CCTV,
Landmarks, etc)

Integrating information of land

use/zoning regulation/zoning map up
to building permits
 Implementing
Main Program

JAKARTA PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

PROBLEMS AND WASTE MANAGEMENT

PROPOSED SOLUTIONS

SLUM AND SQUATTER AREA

FLOODING
 MRT/Subway+KA

Mass Public LRT/Monorail

PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION Transport
Development BRT/Busway

Restrictions on the use of

Uncontrolled growth in the Proposed vehicles

number of vehicles Solution

Road Pricing/ ERP
Traffic Restrain or
Restriction Parking Control
Macro
Low road ratio Transportation
TOD, Park and Ride Facilities
System

Low availability and use of Intelligent Transport System

public transport
Road Widening/ Fly Over/
Road Network Under Pass
Capacity
Unequal number between Improvement Road Network Development
road ratio and number of
vehicles
Pedestrian Walkways
Development
 COMPACT CITY DEVELOPMENT
Build public transport, making more efficient spaces in the city, and
encourage walking and cycling

15 Corridors of Transit Oriented Development

Transjakarta BRT (TOD)

MRT South North & MRT

East West

Jabotabek
Commuter
Railway

Proposed LRT
Plan
 WASTE MANAGEMENT
Proposed Solution

Volume of solid waste : 29.364m3 / day Encourage Environmental Friendly Solid

Currently around 6000 tons waste per day is Waste Management using high and efficient
technology
delivered to Bantar Gebang Final Disposal Site Solid Waste
(Outside Jakarta) Management
Intermediate Treatment Facility (ITF)

Encourage waste segregation to reduce waste

Air pollution in the Final Disposal Site

Water pollution: concentration of DO, Ni, Cu, Zn,

Hg above standard Gradually expanding sewerage system for
waste water for all Jakarta and separate
system from the drainage
Waste Water
Management
Currently only 4% of Jakarta served by sewerage Utilize waste water into and alternative clean
system, and the rest by desludging septic tank water resource
IMPROVING RESILIENCY
Solid Waste and Wastewater Management

• Encourage Enviromental Friendly Solid Waste Management

using high and efficient technology
SOLID WASTE • Currently around 6000 tonnes waste per day is delivered to
Bantar Gebang Final Disposal Site (Outside Jakarta)
MANAGEMENT
• On going plan: to build 3 Intermediate Treatment Facility
(ITF) in the City (Sunter, Marunda, Cakung)
• Encourage waste segregation to reduce waste in the Final
Disposal Site

• Currently only 4% of Jakarta served by sewerage system,

and the rest by desludging septic tank
WASTE WATER
• Gradually expanding sewerage system for waste water for all
MANAGEMENT
Jakarta and separate them from the drainage system
• Utilize waste water into an alternative clean water resource
 SLUM AND SQUATTER AREA
Proposed Solution
Kampoong Improvement
Program (MHT Plus, Penataan
Kampung/Kampung Deret), by
Housing Backlog Housing Area Improvement providing adequate
Program infrastructures and utilities and
increasing its quality
Lack of access to utility (electricity, water,
sanitation)
Construct new low cost Depends on the land banking
apartment buildings
Legal aspect of low-cost apartment (rusunawa) Executed in existing housing
occupant; Agreement Letter, National Identity Card area, by rehabilitation of non-
Housing Rejuvenation / Housing habitable existing housing units
/ Family Card, Bank Account Regeneration (i.e redevelop Rusunawa
Tambora)

Misuse of rent rights Housing Environment Maintain the quality of existing

Preservation housing environment
Indiscipline occupant of low-cost apartment i.e:
putting private belongings in the corridor Community Development
 FLOODING
Proposed Solution

INTERNAL FACTOR Polder system extension to the West

Capacity improvement of existing

Traversed by 13 rivers to Jakarta Bay Polder System, canals, rivers, lakes, and polders by
Discharged by dredging and normalization
40% of Northern Jakarta lies in lowlands and pumps
Reconstruction and capacity
frequently influenced by tidal condition causing improvement of pumps
backwater
Increasing water storage capacity
EXTERNAL FACTOR Artificial Lake
Climate change: changes in rainfall intensity and
pattern
Stage I: Existing coastline
Sea Dykes
Continuous land subsidence at a rate of as much as Stage 2 and 3: depth – 8m or deeper
10cm/year in certain part of North Jakarta
 Flood Management Approaches

APPROACHES

1. Integrated Flood Management and Urban

Spatial Planning
a. Waterfront Urban Development
b. Multi-function Development
2. Integrated Planning of Green and Blue Open
Space
a. River Normalisation + Green Belt
b. Integrated Green and Blue Infrastructure
 River and Reservoir Revitalisation

• The Goal: Restoring River Capacity and relocating people to

Ciliwung River Normalization proper housing
• The Challenge: Land Acquisition is a lengthy process, involuntary
resettlement,
• The Opportunity: Safer living environment for people, and a more
sustainable environment; Private Company’s participation through
CSR Program in provision of low-cost apartment

• The Goal: Restoring reservoir Capacity and relocating people to

Pluit Reservoir Revitalisation proper housing
• The Challenge: Involuntary resettlement, Communication and
negotiation strategy
• The Opportunity: Safer living environment for people, and a
more sustainable environment; multy-function development,
Private Company’s participation through CSR Program
 PLUIT RESERVOIR
REVITALISATION Problems

RESULT • Slum, irregular and

EARLY CONDITION uninhabitable;
• High social gaps;
• High crime rate;
• Insufficient infrastructure;
• The lack of public
facilities, for example
interactive parks, green
open spaces;
• Land use is not in
accordance with the land
allotment;
• Squatter settlements.
Long Term Initiative

Sea Defense
Walls
construction

development new land

of Raw Water reclamation
Reservoir NCICD development

National Capital
Integrated Coastal
Development

new port
development development
to support of new road
the existing and railway
Tanjung Priok network
Port
National Capital Integrated Coastal Development
FUTURE OF JAKARTA

 The complexity of the disaster in Jakarta as the Capital of the Republic Indonesia,
requires a planning that are integrated, coordinated and thorough.
 Implementation of disaster management plans and adaptation to climate change
in Jakarta requires a strong commitment politically as well as technically. It
takes effort and commitment in order to build and preserve the culture of resilient
to disasters in the community.
 The action plan will also provide a space for government partners, such as
NGOs, scientists, private sectors, as well as professionals to participate and
contribute and participate actively in the development of a culture of safety to
disasters in Jakarta.
 The development of human resource capacity in the field of disaster and climate
change adaptation no longer can be done individually, but must be together.
The responsibility is not only
belong to ME or YOU,
it OURS!

THANK YOU!