Ratio

and Proportion
 Ratio
A Ratio a is to b between two numbers,
written a:b, means that for every a units of
the first number, there correspond b units of
the second number. The numbers a and b are
called the terms of the ratio
 Ways of writing ratio and
proportion.
1. a:b
2.
3. a is to b
Remember: the order is very important
Example 1:
If a class is composed of 18 boys and 12
girls, then what is the ratio of boys to girls?
boys: 18
Girls: 12
Written as;
18: 12 or or 18 is to 12
Or
3:2
Example 2:
20- apples
40- oranges
60- strawberries
Ratio of apples : Oranges : strawberries
20: 40: 60
1: 2:3
 Rate
A rate is a ratio with different units in the
numerator and in the denominator.
Rates are usually expressed in per unit form.
Such Rate is called a unit rate
Example 1:
If it costs P25.00 to buy 500 mL bottle of
soft drink, then we have the rate of P25.00
per 500 mL.
Written as;
 Proportion
It is a statement that two ratios are
equivalent.
We write proportion as:
a:b = c:d
Or
 Direct Proportions
The variable y is said to be directly
proportional to x if there is a nonzero
constant k for which y= kx.
The constant k is called the constant of
proportionality (or the proportionality
constant)
Written as;
Example 1.
In local supermarket, a dozen eggs costs P66.00. at
this rate, how much would five eggs cost?
Solution:
y = total cost of 5 eggs

Cross Multiply:
12y= 66(5)
y=
y= 27.50
THUS, 5 EGGS WOULD COST P27.50