FOOD

• It is refer to any substance that

is ingested and utilized by the
body for growth and
sustenance of life.
Human food systems:
1. Croplands
2. Livestock
3. Oceanic fisheries
Sources of food

7%
“There is enough
food for every
person in the world,
but millions do not
have enough money
to buy food”.
 Limitations:
• environmental degradation
• pollution
• lack of water for
irrigation
• overgrazing
• overfishing
 CROPLAND
• Land suitable for or used cultivation
of crops.
• Cropland includes areas used for
the production of adapted crops for
harvest.
Industrialized
agriculture

• Modern agriculture methods that require

large capital input, and less land and labor
 Intensive traditional agriculture

•Uses large amounts of human input and draft

labor, water, and fertilizer, to produce enough food
to feed their families and sell for income.
 Nomadic herding

• Uses mostly human labor and draft animals to produce only

enough crops or livestock for a farm family’s survival.
• Practiced by 2.7 billion people (44% of the world’s population).
•Provide 20% of the world’s food supply.
 GENETIC
ENGINEERING
 Projected
Advantages Projected
Disadvantages
Need less fertilizer
Irreversible and
Need less water unpredictable
genetic and eco-
More resistant to logical effects
insects, plant
disease, frost, and Harmful toxins in
drought food from possible
plant cell mutations
Faster growth
New allergens
Can grow in slightly in food
salty soils
Lower nutrition
Less spoilage

Better flavor
levels of herbicide
 Environmental
impacts of agriculture
 AIR POLLUTION

• Pesticide sprays
• Soil particles from wind erosion
• Odors from livestock factories
• Greenhouse gases from
combustion of fossil fuels
 LAND
DEGRADATION
Soil erosion
Loss of soil fertility
Soil pollution
Water logged soil from
improper irrigation
 Rangelands
• About 40% of the earth’s ice-free land.
• This land provides forage or vegetation
for grazing and browsing animals.
 livestock
• It is commonly define
as domesticated
animals raised in an
agricultural setting to
produce labor and
commodities such as
meat, eggs, milk, fur,
leather and wool.
 FISHERIES
• The science of producing fish and
other aquatic resources for the
purpose of providing human food.

• -The words third major food

producing system.
 Fisheries

•Harvesting methods:
] Trawler fishing
] Purse-seine
] Longlining
] Drift-net
 Spotter airplane
Trawler
fishing
Fish farming
in cage Purse-seine
fishing
trawl flap sonar
trawl
lines

fish school
trawl bag

Fish caught
by gills
Drift-net fishing
Long line fishing float buoy

lines with
hooks

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nk19PMo1sLI
World food problems

Insufficient production

Lack of irrigation facilities

malnutrition
FACTORS CAUSING WORLD
FOOD PROBLEMS

• Lack of rainfall
• Population growth
• Poor quality of soil
• Social disruption and terrorism
• Natural hazards
Major Environmental
Effects of
Food Production
 Fish kill from pesticide

Increased runoff and

flooding from land cleared
to grow crops

Sediment pollution from

erosion
 Human Health

Nitrates in drinking water

Pesticide residues in drinking water,

food, and air

Contamination of drinking and

swimming water with disease organisms
from livestock wastes

Bacterial contamination of meat

To feed the
increase world
population we
must:

• Produce and equitably distribute

more food than ever before

• Do this in an environmentally manner

Irrigate & In use

Cultivate Cultivated Grazed

More Tropical
forest
11% 10%
Forests,
arid

Land Arid land

6%
8%
14%
lands

51%

Ice, snow, deserts

mountains

Not usable
 conservation preservation

The environment VS Lands and their

natural resources
and its resources
should not be
should be used by consumed by
humans and humans and
manage in a should instead be
responsible maintained in their
manner pristine form
Why we need to
conserve them?

We have to conserve them our

natural resources because many of
them are limited.
 How to conserve them?
• Use the policy of “REUSE, REDUCE,
and RECYCLE
• Turn off the switch when not use
• Installing watering system that use
water to flow meters to help them
measure and control the amount of
water they are using for their crops so
they only use what the crops needed.
• Planting tress
Continuation:

• Rolls of tress, called windbreaks , are

planted along the edge of farmland to
block winds.
• To make land healthy again, people
can plant grasses that can live through
a drought.
• The roots of living grasses hold the soil
in place.
• Grasses will die and decay and add
nutrients to the soil.
To conserve water:

• Replace old toilets with water saving

toilets that uses less water per flush.
• Turnoff the faucet while you are
brushing your teeth.
• Turn on the dishwasher only when
you have a full load of dishes.
 THANK YOU
• http://www.unep.org/resourcespanel/kno
wledgeResources/
assesmentAreasReports/Food/Tabid/
133335Default.aspx