DOMESTIC

REFRIGERATOR
CONTENTS

 WHAT IS REFRIGERATION
 INTRODUCTION OF DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR
 HISTORY OF REFRIGERATOR
 PRIMARY COMPONENTS OF REFRIGERATOR
 WORKING OF REFRIGERATOR
 REFRIGERATION
Refrigeration
 is the process of removing heat from the space or substance to reduce and
maintain temperature lower than its surroundings.
METHODS OF REFRIGERATION :

1.Ice refrigeration
2.Dry ice refrigeration
3.Air expansion refrigeration
4.Evaporative refrigeration
5.Gas throttling refrigeration
6.Steam jet refrigeration
7.Vapor Compression refrigeration
8.Vapor absorption refrigeration
INTRODUCTION OF REFRIGERATOR

 Domestic refrigerator operates on vapor Compression cycle,and the refrgerant

used is generally Freon – 12.Its primary function is to provide a low temperature
space for the preservation of food.
 Besides house hold uses,Domestic refrigerators are also used in medical
shops,hospitals, hotels,offices,laboratories etc.
 The capacity of domestic refrigerator is the great internal volume of the unit and
is expressed in litres,The commonsense of refrigerator available are 100,165,200
and 300 litres.
HISTORY OF REFRIGERATOR

 William Cullen is the first person to conduct

experiments on Artificial refrigeration in the year
1748.
 In 1834 Jocob Perkins patented closed-cycle
refrigerating system using compressor.
 In 1859 Ferdinand devised vapor absorption system
and ammonia-water cycle still used in absorption type
domestic refrigerators today.
COMPONENTS OF REFRIGERATOR

 The main basic components of VCR system are :

1. Compressor
2. Condenser
3. Capillary tube
4. Evaporator
5. Accumulater
6. Drier
COMPRESSOR

 The compressor is considered as heart of vapor Compression

system.
 It is located between Evaporator and Condenser.
 The compressor takes the refrigerant vapor from the
Evaporator and is compressed from the Evaporator pressure to
Condenser pressure.
 In domestic refrigerator the hematic compressor are used
CONDENSER

 Condenser are the heat exchangers designed to remove the heat

absorbed by the refrigerant in the Evaporator and heat of
compression added by the compressor.
 This is achieved by transferring heat from the refrigerant vapor
discharged by the compressor to some external cooling
mediums, usually water or air.
 Thus the function of a Condenser is to get ride of the heat
absorbed previously and liquefy the refrigerant.
CAPILLARY TUBE

 The capillary tube is a constant-restriction type expansion

device,because the opening through which refrigerant flow is
constant.
 Liquid refrigerant from the condensor enters into the capillary
tube and as it flows through the tube pressure drops due to
friction.
 The capillary tube replaces thermostatic expansion valve for
small units such as domestic refrigerators,room air conditioners.
EVAPORATOR

 The Evaporator is the device in which the refrigerant is

boiled by extracting heat from the surrounding medium.
 The liquid refrigerant from expansion valve enter into
Evaporator coil at the temperature below the temperature of
Evaporator.It extracts heat from Evaporator and produce
coldness
 The products placed in Evaporator are cooled by liquid
refrigerant flowing through Evaporator coils.
ACCUMULATOR

 Accumulator is fitted between Evaporator and

compressor,due to incomplete evaporation refrigerant at
outlet of the Evaporator consists liquid particles.
 Accumulator traps this liquid refrigerant and prevents its
entry into the compressor.It allows dry vapor to pass into the
compressor.
 Thus Accumulator saves the compressor against the damage
due to liquid particles.
DRIER

 Moisture is harmful in refrigerating systems.Moisture In a

refrigerating system freezes the automatic regulating valve or
capillary tube.
 Drier are invariably fitted in the liquid line between Condenser and
capillary tube.
 Drier is a cylindrical shell containing desiccant material like Silica
zel,zeolite etc.Disiccant absorbs moisture,and filter is incorporated
to entrap the fine particles
LAYOUT OF DOMESTIC
REFRIGERATOR
WORKING OF REFRIGERATOR

 The refrigerant vapor drawn from Evaporator is compressed in the compressor and
deliver to the comdensor.It is then expanded in capillary tube and passed on to the
compressor.
 Capillary tube is used as throttling device to reduce the pressure of the
refrigerant.The low pressure liquid refrigerant evaporates by absorbing its latent
heat and thus producing refrigerating effect in the evaporator.
 Domestic refrigerator has a hermetically sealed compressor and is located at the
base of the cabinet.Condenser is essentially a air cooled coil.The Evaporator coil is
placed at the top of the cabinet.
Contd

 The evaporator produces low temperature upto -15°, and temperature around 7 to
10°C can be maintained in the refrigerating section due to convention current of air
inside the cabinet.
 Heavy cold air from freezer moves downwards and becomes warm after cooling the
products.This warm air being light moves upwards.Thus the air movement is
maintained continuously in the refrigerated space.
 The freezer is a mini cold storage in which ice cubes,ice creams,meat and fish can
be preserved.A thermostat is provided to control the temperature in the freezer.
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