INTRODUCTION TO

What is Nanotechnology?
“Nanotechnology is the art an science of
manipulating matter at nanoscale”
 Nano technology is the study of the making small
microscopic things
 It is advance to the future
A brief History of Nanotechnology
 On December 29,1959 Physicist Richard Feynman
gave a radical lecture at an American Physical Society
meeting at Caltech titled
“There’s plenty of room at the bottom”
 Feynman suggested that it should be possible to make
machines at a nano-scale that “arrange the atoms the
way we want” and do chemical synthesis by
mechanical manipulation.
 This lecture was the birth of the idea and study of
nanotechnology.
 Nano-scale
one nanometer is one billionth of the meter.
Typical range from 1nm to 100nm
Implementation of Nanotechnology
 NANO SENSORS
 NANO COMPUTERS
 NANO TUBE
 NANO RODS
 NANO ROBOTS
APPROACHES IN NANO TECHNOLOGY
BOTTOM- UP APPROACH
Assembly Nano materials
atoms-by-atoms or by
molecule-by-molecule
1.They arrange smaller
components into more
complex form
2. Bottom up approach products
have a higher precision
accuracy and therefore can
manufacture small structures
compare to top down
approach
TOP-DOWN APPROACH
Creating Nano-scale materials
by physically or chemically
breaking down larger
molecules
1.Create smaller objects using
larger objects
2.Top down approach refers to
the traditional
microfabrication method
where tools are cut, mill and
shape material into the
desired shape and order
Top down and bottom up approaches
MATERIAL USED
 Zinc oxide
Dirt repellent, hydrophobic, cosmetics and stain
resistance
 Silver ion
Healing property
 Aluminum silicate
Scratch resistance
 Gold ion
Chip fabrication, drug delivery
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF NANOTEHNOLOGY
ADVANTAGES
 Reduce energy use
 Better medical treatment
 Lower cost
DISADVANTAGES
 Enviroment risks
 Privacy risks
APPLICATIONS OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY
NANOTECHNOLOGY
CHALLENGES,risks and ethics
 The most immediate challenge in nanotechnology is
that we need to learn more about materials and their
properties at nanoscale
 Because elements at the nanoscale behave differently
than they do in their bulk form, there’s a concern that
some nanoparticles could be toxic
 If nanotechnology in medicine makes it possible for us
to enhance ourselves physically
 Not all questions involve altering the human body–
some deals with the world of finance and economics