FIRST AID IN EMERGENCY

WHAT IS FIRST AID?

First Aid
is the initial assistance or
treatment given to someone
who is injured or suddenly
taken ill.
AIMS OF THE FIRS AID

 To preserve life,
 To prevent the worsening of one’s medical condition,
 To promote recovery, and
 To help to ensure safe transportation to the nearest healthcare facility.
PURPOSE OF THE FIRST AIR

Purpose of the First Aid

 To Sustain the life
 To prevent suffering
 To prevent secondary complications
 To promote speedy recovery
DO AND DON’T

DO DON’T
• Before handling the • First Aid can never
casualty use:
 Mask
 Glove  Prescribe Medicine
 Head Cover  Declare Death
 Apron
PRINCIPLES OF FIRST AID

Purpose of the First Aid

 Call for help
 Calmly take charge
 Check the scene and casualty
 Preserve life
 Prevent condition form getting worse
 Promote recovery
ASSESSING A CASUALTY

In the pre-hospital setting, the key contributions to survival and recovery

from are prompt and effective maintenance of the body’s primary function.
The 2 priorities when dealing with a casualty are:
 Airway
 Breathing
OPEN THE AIRWAY

The victim’s unconsciousness maybe due to an obstruction in his/her

airway. It may also be cased by a narrowed airway making breathing
impossible. Find out if there is loss of muscular control in the throat area
which allows the tongue to slip back and block the throat.
OPEN THE AIRWAY

 you need to check that the airway is open and clear.

 Open the airway by placing one hand on the forehead to tilt the head back
and use two fingers from the other hand to lift the chin.
 If they are unresponsive, you need to move on to breathing as quickly as
possible.
CHECK FOR BREATHING

 Put your face near the victim’s mouth and look, listen and feel for the
breathing
 You should observe for:
 Chest movement
 Sound of breathing
 Feel of breath on your cheek
THE RECOVERY POSITION
 The recovery position is a safe position for patients who are unconscious.
The recovery position helps to protect the victim’s airway. For the reason,
the recovery position is also known as the safe Airway position (SAP).
 The recovery position should be used when the patient is unconscious, but
breathing normally.
 If the patient is not breathing properly
 CRP should be commenced.
THE RECOVERY POSITION

 The recovery position is a position that an unconscious but breathing

casualty can be placed as part of first aid treatment.
 The recovery position is used for unresponsive, breathing casualty.
 It maintains an open airway so the casualty can breath.
WHEN A CASUALTY SHOULD BE PLACED IN THE
RECOVERY POSITION

 If a person is unconscious but is breathing and has no other life-

threatening conditions, they should be placed in the recovery
position.
 Putting someone in the recovery position will keep their airway clear
and open. It also ensures that any vomit or fluid won't cause them to
choke.
HOW TO PUT SOMEONE IN THE RECOVERY POSITION

 If a person is unconscious, or non-responsive but breathing, they should

be placed in the recovery position while waiting for help to arrive.

  If they are left lying on their back they could suffocate on their vomit or
their tongue could block their airway. Putting someone in the recovery
position will help to keep the airways open.
PUTTING SOMEONE IN THE RECOVERY POSITION

1. Kneel beside the person.

 If they are wearing glasses, or have
any bulky items in their pockets, remove them.
 Do not search their pockets for small items.
PUTTING SOMEONE IN THE RECOVERY POSITION

2. Straighten their arms and legs.

PUTTING SOMEONE IN THE RECOVERY POSITION

3. Fold the arm closest to you over their chest.

PUTTING SOMEONE IN THE RECOVERY POSITION

4. Bring their other arm across their chest and place the
back of their hand against the cheek
nearest to you. Hold it there.
PUTTING SOMEONE IN THE RECOVERY POSITION

5. With your other hand, pull their far knee up so that

their foot is flat on the floor.
PUTTING SOMEONE IN THE RECOVERY POSITION

6. While supporting the person’s head and neck, gently take the bent knee closest to
you and very gently roll the person away from you. Adjust the upper leg, so both
the hip and knee are bent at right angles. Ensure the person is steady and cannot
roll.
PUTTING SOMEONE IN THE RECOVERY POSITION

7. Gently tilt the casualty’s head back and lift their chin to make sure their
airway stays open. You can adjust the hand under their cheek to do this.
Thank you