HEALTH AND

SAFETY IN CHAPTER
3
LABORATORY

4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,

At the end of the lesson students
are expected to learn:
Respond on the identity of hazards and
risks.
Perfect hazards and risk evaluation.
Understand occupational health and
safety awareness.

4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,

GENERAL LAB SAFETY RULES
1. Clean tools and in keep in safe working
arrangement.
2. If any defective tools, equipment report directly to
instructor.
3. Avoid take off safety devices, such as witch covers,
ground straps etc. without the instructor permission.
4. Avoid energizing any hazardous materials (operate
any electrical circuit) without knowing how to
operate safely.
5. If any accident, report directly to instructor at any
nature or seriousness.
4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,
GENERAL LAB SAFETY RULES
6. If using test equipment, do not forget to turn it off
before leaving.
7. Avoid using any solvent without knowing how to
use it or understand its properties. (NOTE: when
using solvent make sure it is in a space that well-
ventilated)
8. Always clean laboratory floor from litter and scraps.
9. Avoid spoiling liquids in the laboratory if any clean
it immediately.
10. Rags and metal cans must store in a container.
(Rags could containPREPARED
4/21/2021 oil.) by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,
 PERSONAL SAFETY RULES
1. Tie hair if long and secure loose or long clothing when
near or working on rotating machinery.
2. If lines insulation has cracked or breakable avoid using
it. Report immediately to the instructor.
3. Always make sure that you are not connected to a
voltage before measuring voltages using test probe and
voltmeter.
4. Make sure that floor is insulated with mats rubber, or
wearing a robber shoes.
5. Expect to be more than 30 volts before measuring
voltages and disconnect any live circuit before
connecting the testPREPARED
4/21/2021
equipment.
by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,
 PERSONAL SAFETY RULES
6. Use only the equipment with a polarized (3-
prong) plug.
7. Do not underestimate the value of any safety
device like fuses, interlocks, and circuit breakers
it can help to cut off the circuit when there is an
excessive power in the device.
8. Avoid carrying sharp-edged or putting pointed
tools in the pockets.
9. Avoid play jokes or prank in the work area.
4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,
 PERSONAL SAFETY RULES
10.Always wear goggles and safety gloves when
required.
11.When working electrical and mechanical circuits,
take off jewelry such as rings, bracelets and
necklace.
12.Be sure on judgment and common sense

4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,

 POWER TOOL SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS
All Power tools in the Philippines operate with 220
volts. The amount of voltage is dangerous and can
root to serious shock or even burns and death to a
victim. It is very important to check the tools before
it use such as the cord condition and switch. Below
are things to be considered:
1. When working always make sure that cords are
safe to work.
2. Use sharp drill bit when drilling; dull drill bit can
cause an accident when it pressure.
4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,
 POWER TOOL SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS
3. Fasten and secure the things being drilled.
(Remember: drill has a pressure to turn and if it is
not fasten well it might cause accident.)
4. Before touching the power cords make sure that
hands are dry.
5. Keep the power tools in one place for safety.
6. Only use power tools when you’d been in
instructions on how to use it.
7. Frequently wear safety glasses and goggles when
using power tools. (Remember: tiny flying chips can
be danger to your eyes and damage permanently.)
4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,
 ELECTRIC CORD SAFETY RULES
1. Avoid connecting many cords in a single
outlet, “Octopus connection” can cause
overload.
2. Avoid pulling cords to disconnect use the
plug instead.
3. Replace cord if it is frayed or worn
insulation.
4. Do not use pipes or nails to suspend
electrical cords.
4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,
 ELECTRIC CORD SAFETY RULES
5. Do not run electrical cords when:
• Close by heating devices such as radiator or
heater.
• Across walkways
• Rugs and carpet underneath
• And door jambs

4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,

 COMMON ACCIDENT IN INDUSTRY
• Electrical shock
(NOTE: This can happen when the body touches the
electrical circuit or is hit by Lightning.)
• Electrical burns
(NOTE: this can happen after the body contacts an
electrical circuit or hit by lightning, or exposed to
radio frequency waves and radiation.)
• Electrical fires
(NOTE: this can be occur when there is overloaded
due to heated electrical wires and contact to materials
that flammable.)
4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,
 COMMON ACCIDENT IN INDUSTRY
• Injury from misuse of tools
(NOTE improper or misused of tools can cause
incident)

4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,

 FACTS ABOUT ELECTRICAL SHOCK
The current is considered more threatening than
voltage
Low current but high voltage can knock the
victim away from electrical circuit and minimizing
the time of exposure.
But high current can cause the body to stick on
the circuit and the victim cannot let go.

4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,

FACTS ABOUT ELECTRICAL SHOCK
• 1milliampere (0.0010 amperes), felt with slight
shock.
• 10 milliamperes (0.010 amperes) severe shock
and can paralyze the victims muscle but he/she
may still let go from the circuit.
• 100 milliamperes (0.1 amperes) fata shock and
person can only last for a second or more.
• Circuit that has above 30 volts is considered
dangerous to human body.
4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,
 TREATING A VICTIM OF
ELECTRICAL SHOCK
1. Remove safely the victim from the source of
electricity that has been contact, with the following
procedure below. (CAUTION: Do not touch the
electric& circuit or the victim unless the power is off or
you are insulated.)
a. First thing must do first is to cut off the electricity
either circuit breaker or switch. When the circuit is
by far from the victim use wood handled or insulated
axe or cutters to cut off the electricity.
b. Use non-conductor equipment to separate the victim
from electrical PREPARED
4/21/2021
circuitby: Melchor
such as rope leather belt,
Carabayas LPT,
 TREATING A VICTIM OF
ELECTRICAL SHOCK
2. Call for Assistance
a. Call for more knowledgeable person about electrical
shock.
b. While administering first aid other must call for
professional assistance.
3. Check victim's heartbeat and breathing
c. If breathing and pulse is undetectable have stopped,
do the mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.
d. Conduct cardiopulmonary resuscitation, if heartbeat has
stopped. (make sure you’ve been trained for the proper
technique and procedure
4/21/2021
of cardiopulmonary resuscitation)
PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,
 TREATING A VICTIM OF
ELECTRICAL SHOCK
c. If both breathing and heartbeat have stopped, conduct
alternately the mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and cardio
pulmonary resuscitation.
4. Conduct first aid for burns and shock as necessary.
5. To keep victim warm and comfortable, use coats and
blanket while waiting for professional help.
6. Raise victim's legs slightly above head level.
7. If the victim has suffered burns wrap burned with sterile
gauze or clean handkerchief. (Remember avoid any other
treatment of burns without any permission from
professional)
4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,
8. Continue treatment until professional help come.
 TYPES OF FIRES
• Class A—the fires that occurs in flammable materials
such as trash, rags, papers and woods.
• Class B--Fires from flammable liquids such as oil,
grease thinners, gasoline and paints.
• Class C--Fires came from electrical equipment and
devices such as switchboards, radios, circuit wiring,
motors and TV sets.
• Class D--Fires from combustible metals such as
magnesium VI and Powdered aluminum.

4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,

 TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS AND THEIR USE

1. Water types
Use on the class A fire it operate by turning the valve or
squeezing handle.
2. Foam type
Use for class A or class B fires and it operate by turning
the cylinder upside down.
3. Carbon dioxide type (CO2)
It can be used for class B or class C fires and operate by
squeezing lever and pulling lever.

4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,

TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS AND THEIR USE

4. Dry chemical type

This is a universal type of fire extinguisher can be
use both class B and C. it operate by rupturing
cartridge or pulling pin and squeezing lever.
(remember: Fire extinguishers are not useful for
class D fires. Instead, smother metal fires with dirt
and sand)

4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,

Any Questions???????

4/21/2021 PREPARED by: Melchor Carabayas LPT,