Finding the Common Factors and Greatest Common Factors

(GCF)

Finding the common Multiples and Least Common Multiple

(LCM)

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

> find the common factors and the

Greatest Common Factors (GCF) of 2–4
numbers using continuous division.

> Find the common multiples and Least

Common Multiple (LCM) of 2-4 numbers
using continuous division.
 REVIEW

FACTORS

"Factors" are the numbers that we multiply together to get another

number:
2x4=8

2 and 4 are factors of 8

A number can have many factors.

Example: 12

3 × 4 = 12
2 × 6 = 12
1 × 12 = 12

3 and 4 2 and 6 1 and 12

 Let’s Try

List all the factors of the given numbers

1. 8 = 1, 2, 4, 8

2. 3 = 1, 3

3. 10 = 1, 2, 5, 10

4. 24 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 8, 12, 24

5. 35 = 1, 5, 7, 35
 What’s New

Mang Julian donated 60 packs of biscuits, 80 pieces of noodles and 48 cans of mackerel.
He suggested to distribute equally among his constituents, who were affected by Covid-
19. What could be the greatest number of items Barangay Puting Bato can prepare?

1. Who donated to Barangay Puting Bato?

2. What are the items donated to them?
3. What characteristics did Mang Julian show?
4. If you were Mang Julian, will you do the same? Why?
5. How can we solve the problem?
What’s Is It
Let’s solve the problems using these methods!

One of the methods use in finding the Greatest Common Factor (GCF)
of 2 – 4 numbers is Listing Method.
 Listing Method

List down all the factors of 60, 80 and 48.

60 80 48
1 x 60 1 x 80 1 x 48
2 x 30 2 x 40 2 X 24
3 x 20 4 x 20 3 X 16
4 x 15 5 x 16 4 X 12
5 x12 8 x 10 6X8
60 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 12, 15, 20, 30, 60 The common factors of 60,
80 and 48 are 1, 2, and 4
80 = 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 40, 80 from the set of common
factors. The greatest
48 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48 common factor is 4. So the
GCF of 60, 80 and 48 is 4.
Common factors = 1, 2, 4,
GCF = 4
 Continuous Division

60, 80 and 48.

2 Divide 60, 48 and 80 by 2

2 30 24 40 Divide 30, 24 and 40 by 2

15 12 20 No more number is exactly
Multiply
2x2=4 divisible both by 15, 12, and 20

The GCF of 60, 48 and 80 is

4
 What’s More Find the GCF of each set of numbers. Use
continuous division.
List the factors of each number in each
set and determine the greatest common 4. 21 and 42
factor.
3 21 and 42
1.) 30 = 1, 2, 5, 6, 10, 15, 30
___________________
1, 2, 5, 10
10 = ______________ 7 7 14
10
GCF = ________
1 2
1, 2, 3, 8, 12, 24
2.) 24 = __________________ 21
3 x 7 = ______
1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 20, 40
40 = ______________________
GCF = 21
8
GCF = _________
5. 6, 12 and 24
1, 2, 4, 8,16
3.) 16 = _____________________
1, 2, 3, 8, 12, 24 2 6, 12 and 24
24 = _____________________
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48
48 = _____________________ 3 3 6 12
8
GCF = ___________
1 2 4
6
2 x 3 = ______ GCF = 6
ASSESSMENT

Find the GCF of each set of numbers.

1. 8 and 48 8

2. 15 and 60 15

3. 12, 16 and 32 4

4. 16, 48 and 72 8

5. 24 and 32 8
 Least Common Multiple (LCM
The Least Common Multiple (LCM) of a given set of numbers is the smallest number that
is a multiple of all the given numbers.
What is it

Bea loves to bake cookies. She sold chocolate chip cookies for a package
of 8 and oatmeal cookies for a package of 12. If Paula wants to buy the
same number of cookies per pack. What could be the least number of
cookies does she can buy?

1. What is asked in the problem?

2. What does Bea love to do?
3. How many pieces of cookies does she sell?
4. How can we solve the problem?
 Let’s try to solve the problem using this method.
Listing Method
Find the LCM of 8 and 12
Multiples of 8 – 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, . . . . .
Multiples of 12 – 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, .
The Least Common Multiple of 8 and 12
LCM = 24
Continuous Division

Find the LCM of 8 and 12

2 Divide 8 and 12 by 2

2 4 6 Divide 4 and 6 by 2

2 3
Multiply
2x2x2x3 LCM = 24
 What’s More Find the LCM of each set of
numbers. Use continuous division.
Give the multiples of each number.
Then find their Least Common 3. 15 and 60
Multiple.
3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18,...
1. 3 - ______________________ 3 15 and 60
12, 24, 36, 48, 60,72, ...
12 - _____________________
12
LCM = ______ 5 5 10
1 2
4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36...
2. 4 - __________________________ 3 x 5 x 1 x 2
9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54 ...
9 - _____________________ LCM = 60
36
LCM = ______
5. 9, 12, and 15

3. 8 - ______________________
8, 16, 24, 32, 40 48... 3 9, 12, and 15
5 - _______________________
5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40…
3 4 5
LCM = ______40

3x3x4x5 LCM = 180

 ASSESSMENT:

Find the LCM of the following set of numbers. Use any method

1. 5, 20 LCM = 20

2. 14, 16 LCM = 112

3. 21, 3 LCM = 21

4. 3, 8 LCM = 24

5. 5, 3 LCM = 15
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