A seminar
on
Electrical cars/vehicles
Presented by
Kanakam Manikanta Kumar
18HM1A0312
Department of ME
Annamacharya Institute Of Technology And Science
Content
Introduction
History of the electrical vehicles
Components
Power from the electric Motors
Various electric vehicles
Advantages
Disadvantages
Conclusion
References
INTRODUCTION
An electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors
for propulsion. It can be powered by a collector system, with
electricity from extravehicular sources, or it can be powered
autonomously by a battery (sometimes charged by solar panels, or by
converting fuel to electricity using fuel cells or a generator).
Evs include, but are not limited to, road and rail vehicles, surface and
underwater vessels, electric aircraft and electric spacecraft.
The development of the electric vehicles Is a very perspective and
important process.
EV,s are that are powered by an electric motor Instead of internal
combustion engine.
History of the electric vehicles
The history of the electric vehicle began in the mid19th
century.
1832: Robert Anderson invents a non-rechargeable electric
carriage.
1835: Thomas Davenport builds the first practical electric
vehicle
1976: General Electric was chosen to construct a parallel-
hybrid sedan, and Toyota built its first hybrid car.
Components
Motor
Controller
Charger
DC converter
Contactors
Batteries
Motor
Generally the Brushless DC Motor is used.
Simpler to maintain,
More durable,
Smaller.85%-90% more efficient.
Able to self-start.
Controller
Control the BLDC motor.
Increase efficiency, Reliability and extended Battery life
time.
Charger
It contains a plug that connect’s electric vehicle Batteries
to an electrical source, providing the batteries with
electrical energy.
DC/DC Converter
Recharges the Battery through dc converter.
The lota DLS-55 is the most common option.
Contactors
This is like a big ON switch, powering up the drive circuit
when we turn the key.
The Nanfeng ZJW400A is an economical option, or the
Gigavac GX14 is a higher powered option.
Batteries for the EV
The batteries that are used for the electric Cars are
rechargeable.
Flows of electrons can be reversed to “reload” the
negative electrode and makes the battery rechargeable.
Power from the Electric Motor
An electric motor has power and In turns Puts out a force
that is measured in torque.
• The basic equation for power is P = Tw
• (1)"For a basic motor there are two parameters
that can help show how the motor works.Velocity
function: P (w) = - (T / w.) w2 + T.w
• (2)" Torque function : P (w) = - (w / T ) T2 + w T
(3)
• The electric motor Controller takes the power From
the batteries and delivers it to the motor.
Various EV
Advantages
Reduce dependences on oil and gasoline.
Pollutants and noise free.
Recyclable batteries.
No fire hazards.
Low maintenance and operation cost.
Disadvantages
High price, Tesla modal costs around $50,000.
High recharge time.
Silence may be fatal.
Range lies between 25-30 miles only.
Conclusion
With this, we come to following facts that number of
expected vehicles doubling on the roads in the near future
the need for this alternative energy is very evident and has
promising returns.
Important to produce vehicles that do less, have a longer
range, and use less energy.
Lower our toxic emissions and localize green house effects.
Increase the overall energy efficiency of cars.
References
Senger, R ., M. Markel, and J.Nelson, "Validation of
advisor in a series of Electric Vehicle," SAE paper 981133,
1998.
Wipke Anderson, Samuel Johnson, "Future perspective of
EV," IJOART paper, 2008.
Donald MacArthur, Brooker pegotty,"Electrical vehicleA
sustainable view," IJSER paper 2011
Stevensonparker,"EV-A green vision for coming
generation,"IEEE Xplore, 2010
