LITERATURE STUDY - ARANYA LOW-COST HOUSING, INDORE

PROJECT PROFILE EVOLUTION OF MASTER PLAN

• Location - 6km from the center of Indore city, M.P.
• Client- Indore Development Authority
• Principal Architect - Balkrishna Doshi
• Project Associate - Mr. Himanshu Parikh
• Structural Engineer - M/s Stein Doshi & Bhalla, New Delhi
• Project Engineers -Environmental Engineering Consultants, Bombay
• Total Built-up Area -100,000 m2 Plan proposed by IDA Initial stage of proposed plan with
• Project Cost - Rs. 100 Million distributed open spaces and street
• Year of completion - 1989 hierarchy
• Awards - Aga Khan award for Architecture in 1996
THE NEIGHBOURHOOD
CONCEPT
•Inspiration from existing slum settlements in Indore
• Mixed and multiple land use
Later stage of development to
•Formation of small neighborhoods and houses extending Proposed master plan
with rectified orientation to
to the outdoors. minimize heat gain and
•Small shops operating within congested areas. increase shading
• Trees planted in public places
•Streets accommodating social, economic and domestic
SITE ANALYSIS
activities. • Urban Indore city 214 sq. km.
• Major development along
PRE-DESIGN STAGE ANALYSIS Delhi – Mumbai highway
running through the city in
Objectives: the north south direction
• Developing industrial areas
• To improve and upgrade the existing slum area
on the
•To provide serviced sites for new housing developments instead
of building complete houses.
• north, south and west. SELECTION CRITERIA
• To provide for 6,500 residential plots ranging in size from 35m2 • Internal city roads to the
for north, • Linkages to the city
EWS to 475m2 for high income groups • south and west. • Employment generating
• Approach through the Delhi industrial areas in the
Financial Aspects: – surroundings.
• Mumbai highway
•The idea was to mix some middle income plots with EWS plots
to use the profits to raise capital towards development of local
DISTRIBUTION OF AMENITIES TOWNSHIP LEVEL
trades.
• Funding – 100% public sources. •Community facilities •The aim was to create a central spine. The master plan was
grouped in local sub centers. informal with interlinked space of cultural context, maintenance of
hierarchy of road, open spaces, a central location of basic
•Formal organization community services.
Local sources
National Sources
•Community amenities •The central spine was a focus of the converging six sectors
International Sources
distributed evenly
•Informality created •This enabled segregation of pedestrian and vehicular movement,
good distribution of built and unbuilt spaces by promoting interactive
ACCESS TO AMMENITIES •Accessibility improved land use.

• Lower level community ZONING ACCORDING TO USE

facilities organized in green
spaces
•Even distribution
•Maintains link with town
centre
•Pedestrian access easier.

Residential commercial N
ZONING ACCORDING TO INCOME GROUPS
N
Lower income
and
economically
weaker sections
of the society
EXISTING FEATURES
• Flat site
•A natural water channel running diagonally across
the SW corner.
•Top strata of the black cotton soil 2-2.5 m thick. EWS 65% uniformly distributed
•Gradually sloping (Gradient : 1:110 approx.) LIG 11% uniformly distributed
MIG 14% close to artery
towards the north-west corner.
SONU MOHAPATRA- 1802106013 •1.85 hectares allotted for existing light industries.
HIG 9% arterial road
LITERATURE STUDY - ARANYA LOW-COST HOUSING, INDORE
HIERARCHY OF OPEN
ROADS AND LINKAGES LAND USE DISTRIBUTION SPACES
RESIDENTIAL • Interlinked informal spaces
ROADS 58 %
26 % •Continuous system of open spaces is provided
• Staggered roads create spaces for
OPEN SPACES
9% community congregation
• A single large open space is avoided
COMMUNITY ANDCOMMERCIAL
7%

60 m
30 m
12 m
15 m
9.5 m
4.5 m
1.5 m

N
•Segregation of vehicular and
pedestrian traffic
• Offsets break visual monotony
•Hierarchy is based on the SITE AND SERVICE SCHEME OF DESIGN
volume of the traffic and
activities
•The roads suit human scale • In this scheme, services like water tap, toilets and street lights and a plinth are provided
around which houses can have different configurations.
•Use of cul-de-sacs to avoid
• Longer side of a block of row house was oriented north south to reduce solar radiation
traffic
For clear segregation of vehicular and pedestrian traffic: • Provision of vertical expansions
•Vehicular access in the form rectilinear and formal roads in • Housing was seen more as a
the hierarchy of 4.5m wide to 15m wide road draw the • process than a product
vehicles outwardly. • Each family is provided with a plot having a water tank, sewerage connection , paved
•Pedestrian access in the form of informal interlinked open access with street lighting and stormwater drainage .
spaces draws people inwardly. • To economize, 20 toilets are connected to 1 manhole.
• One service line serves four rows of houses
• Houses were clustered in groups of 10
• Septic tank was provided for every 2 clusters
• Water is drawn from 3 local reservoirs
• The service cores act as the nuclei around which the houses were built
• This proved to be cost effective , led to progressive development of facilities and could
be customised as per one’s needs.

Informal pedestrian pathways Vehicular roads

Plan showing varied houses with backyards (private open spaces) CLIMATE RESPONSIVE FEATURES
• Most of the plots small in size and clustered in low rise blocks
• Longer side façade oriented in the north-south axis to reduce
the solar
radiation on the building.
• Each house has minimum exposure to wall surface and a
common wall.

CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
•Foundation: Under rimmed piles in concrete, cast in situ
locally was used as the soil was black cotton soil.
•Structural members: Reinforced concrete plinth beams,
• The two openings on the north and south permit light and cross
load bearing brick walls, reinforced concrete slabs.
• Exterior finishes: Bright color in the facade, railing, grills ventilation.
• Courtyards within the houses, cul-de-sacs, public squares and
and cornices seen in the old houses of Indore used in
small activity areas shaded adequately by adjacent buildings. The building height to street The north south orientation
some houses in the township.
• Use of locally available building materials. width ratio is such that streets of clusters
•Residents were free to use any material like brick or
• Topography used for orientation of major infrastructure network are shaded except when the
stone that were locally available.
and spatial organization. sun is overhead

INFERENCE
• It understands the traditional Indian habits
•Planning and design is in accordance with the prevailing socio-economic and
technological conditions.
•Cost –effective construction materials and techniques have been adopted
• Planning is “whole to part” – i.e. From township level to dwelling unit level.
• Accessibility has been an essential factor for designing.
• Consistency in every aspect.
•Staggered roads prevent thorough traffic, reduce speed of vehicles.
•Climate responsive and site responsive design.

SONU MOHAPATRA- 1802106013