PASSIVE VOICE

KADA SE KORISTI PASIV?

1. kada je vršilac radnje nepoznat, nevažan ili očigledan iz konteksta:

• Jane was shot. (Ne zna se ko ju je upucao.)
• This church was built in 1815. (Vršilac radnje nije bitan.)
2. kada je radnja bitnija nego vršilac radnje, npr., u slučaju procesa, uputstava, događaja, izveštaja, naslova,
novinskih članaka, i reklama:
• 30 people were killed in the earthquake.
3. kada se stavlja akcenat na vršioca radnje:
• The new library will be opened by the Queen.
 KAKO SE GRADI PASIV?

Pasiv se gradi od glagola to be (u vremenu u kom je glavni glagol u aktivnoj rečenici) i participa prošlog (past
participle) glavnog glagola. Subjekat aktivne rečenice postaje agens (vršilac radnje) u pasivnoj, i često se izostavlja.
Ukoliko se ne izostavlja, uvodi se predlogom by, i najčešće se nalazi na kraju pasivne rečenice.
• aktiv: My grandfather planted this tree.
• pasiv: This tree was planted by my grandfather.
 W H AT ’ S T H E D I F F E R E N C E ?

1A- They make great cakes here.

1B- Great cakes are made here.

2A- We saw a monkey at the mall.

2B- A monkey was seen at the mall.

 C OM PAR E

ACTIVE PASSIVE

We speak English in this country. English is spoken in this country.

A.G. Bell invented telephone in the
19th century.
People build small bridges across
the river.
The Zoo keeper fed the animals last
night.
Telephone was invented in the 19th
century.
Small bridges are built across the
river.
The animals were fed last night.
 FORM:

TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE

1) 2)
 They make great cakes here.

Great cakes are made here.

• make- Present Simple (passive sentence: am/ is/ are)

TO BE PAST PARTICIPLE
 We saw a monkey at the mall.

A monkey was seen at the mall.

• saw- Past Simple (passive sentence: was/ were)

TO BE PAST PARTICIPLE
 AGENT/ BY

ACTIVE : The Zoo keeper fed the animals last night.

PASSIVE: The animals were fed last night.
PASSIVE: The animals were fed last night by the Zoo keeper.
• I) Put the verbs in the Passive Voice- Present • II) Put the verbs in the Passive Voice- Past Simple
Simple Tense: Tense:
• 1. Spanish________________________ in many • 1.The post_____________________ (bring) every
countries. (speak) day.
• 2. The cars______________________ by that man.
(repair) 2. The runners____________________ (give)
their certificates after the race.
• 3. The
kitchen_________________________ every day. 3. The
(clean) books________________________ (collect) after
• 4. Many the lesson.
tools_____________________________ from
plastic. (produce) 4. Homework____________________ (do) by all
students.
• 5.
Paper_______________________________ from 5. Peter________________________ (ask) to run
wood. (make) in the race.
III) Put the verbs in the Passive Voice- Present or Past:
They speak English and French at this hotel.
English and French are spoken at this hotel.

The little boy broke the window last week.

The window was broken by the little boy last week.

Jill uses the computer quite often.

The computer is used by Jill quite often.

The secretary defended some colleagues.

Some colleagues__________________________________ by the secretary.

Picasso painted this picture.

This picture________________________________ by Picasso.

Last year they published ten books.

Ten books_____________________________________ (by them) last year.