GAMETOGENESIS

Lesson objectives
To explain the features of gamete formation
in plants and animals.
Why sometimes sibling from one family
are so different?
 Sexual reproduction
Almost all living things have sexual
reproduction in their life span.
Two parents participate in sexual reproduction.
Each parent of opposite sex produce gametes (reproductive
cells) during process called GAMETOGENESIS. Gametes
are haploid cells. They are produced by meiosis.
Then these gametes fuse during FERTILIZATION.
ZYGOTE is formed after fertilization.
 Gametogenesis in animals:
sperm cell
Spermatogenesis is a process of sperm
production.
Sperm develop from cells called primary
spermatocytes in the male reproductive organs.
After meiosis I primary spermatocytes become
two secondary spermatocytes.
After meiosis II two secondary spermatocytes
become four spermatids.
Then spermatids develop into sperm cells.
 Gametogenesis in animals:
egg cell
Oogenesis is process of formation of egg
cells.
In female reproductive organs (ovary)
primary oocytes divide by meiosis.
After meiosis I primary oocytes produce
one secondary oocyte and first polar body.
First polar body dies.
Secondary oocyte undergo meiosis II and
produce egg cell and second polar body.
Because of uneven division of cytoplasm
egg cell get most of cytoplasm, which rich
in nutrients for zygote.
In mammals division of secondary oocyte
stops at metaphase II. It continuous when
it fuses with a sperm cell, resulting in a
second polar body and zygote
 Gametogenesis in plants
Plants have alternation of generation in
their life cycle: sporophyte generation that
produce spores and gametophyte
generation that produce gametes.
Alternation of generation of ferns
Diploid generation called sporophyte (2n)
produce haploid spores(n) by meiosis.
Spores grow and become haploid
gametophyte (n). Gametophytes produce
gametes (n) by mitosis.
Haploid gametes fuse during fertilization
and form diploid zygote.
Diploid zygote grow into the diploid
sporophyte.
Let’s do the activity on p. 101
 Homework
Readp. 100-101
Answer to literacy questions on p 101.
New words