DISASTER READINESS AND

RISK REDUCTION
MANAGEMENT
Prepared by: Ms. Maristela P. Derecho
 Why do we need to study
DRRR? How can it help you
as an individual?
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 LEARNING OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

 Differentiate natural hazard and natural disasters;
 Explain the different classifications of natural hazards and disasters
 Create steps in mitigating disasters using the disaster management
process.

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 WHAT IS A DISASTER?
A disaster as defined by United Nations Office for Disaster Reduction
(UNISDR), is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a
society involving widespread human, material, economic, or environmental
loses and impacts which exceed the ability of the affected community or
society to cope using its own resources.

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Classification of Disasters: Disasters can be divided into 2 large
categories:
⊡A. Natural Disasters – a natural phenomenon is caused
by natural forces, such as earthquakes, typhoon, volcanic
eruptions, hurricanes, fires, tornados, and extreme
temperatures.
□They can be classified as rapid onset disasters and
those with progressive onset, such as droughts that lead to
famine. These events, usually sudden, can have
tremendous effects.

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 ⊡B. Man-made - Disasters caused by man are those in which
major direct causes are identifiable intentional or non-intentional
human actions.
⊡The damage caused by disaster cannot be measured. It also
differs with the kind of geographical location, climate, earth’s
specific characteristics, and level of vulnerability.
□These determining factors affect generally the
psychological, socio – economic, political, and ethnical state of
the affected area.

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Natural Hazard and
Natural Disasters

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 “
Natural Hazard
A natural hazard is a threat of a naturally
occurring event which will have a negative effect on
humans. This negative effect is what we call a natural
disaster.

 Natural Hazards are the result of naturally

occurring processes that have operated throughout
Earth’s history.

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 ⊡How does hazard become “
a disaster?
 A hazard becomes a disaster when it happens where many people
are living or have their livelihoods and causes damage to them
and their property.
 For example, during a flood many people drown or are injured,
lose their animals and their property.

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⊡ Earthquakes Geologic Processes
⊡ Floods
⊡ Droughts Important point: There would
⊡ Hurricanes be no natural disasters if it
were not for humans. Without
⊡ Tornadoes humans these are only natural
⊡ Asteroid impacts events.
⊡ Volcanic Eruptions
⊡ Tsunami
⊡ Landslides
⊡ Subsidence

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 Classification of
Natural Hazards and
Disasters

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 1. Geologic Hazard
A geologic hazard is an
extreme natural events in the
crust of the earth that pose a
threat to life and property.

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 2. Atmospheric Hazard
These are also natural hazards
but processes operating in the
atmosphere are mainly
responsible.

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 3. Other Natural Hazards
These are hazards that may
occur naturally, but don't fall in to
either of the categories above. 

Ex. Insect infestations

Disease epidemics
Wildfires

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 Natural Hazards can be divided to:
1. Catastrophic Hazards- which have devastating
consequences to huge numbers of people, or have a
worldwide effect. 
2. Rapid onset Hazards- which give little warning and strike
rapidly.
3. Slow onset hazards- these disasters take years to
develop.

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 Effects of Hazards

2. Secondary Effects-
3. Tertiary Effects- are
1. Primary Effects- occur only because a long-term effect that are
set off as a result of
occur as a result of the primary effect has
primary event.
process itself. caused them.
Ex. Fires ignited as a Ex. Loss of habitat
Ex. Water damage result of earthquake, caused by flood,
during flood or disruption of electrical permanent changes in the
power as a result of position of river channel
collapse of building caused by flood, crop
earthquake.
failure caused by a
volcanic eruption.

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Hazard Mitigation

- is defined as any sustained action taken

to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk
to life and property from hazard events.
It is an on-going process that occurs
before, during, and after disasters and
serves to break the cycle of damage and
repair in hazardous areas.

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Disaster Management

Disaster management -usually

refers to the management of natural
catastrophes such as: fire, flooding, or
earthquakes.
- it is the discipline of dealing and avoiding
risks.
- it involves preparing for a disaster before it
happens, disaster response, as well as
supporting and rebuilding society after the
disaster.

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