DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION

Hazard
- A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity Disaster
or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other - A serious

disruption of the functioning of a
health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods community or a society involving widespread
and services, social and economic disruption, or human, material, economic, or environmental
environmental damage. losses and impacts which exceeds the ability of
the affected
NATURAL HAZARDS community or society to cope using its own
- Naturally occurring physical phenomena caused resources.
either by rapid or slow onset events.

ACT2.
BIOLOGICAL HAZARD (“bios” - life) DIRECTION: Classify the phenomena in a
Process or phenomenon of organic origin or conveyed table

by biological vectors/Agents, including exposure to wether it is BH,GH, HH & MH .

pathogenic micro-organisms, toxins and bioactive A. Ground shaking
substances B. Tornado
EXAMPLE: Ebola Virus, flu virus, rabies C. Landslide
D. Flood
GEOLOGICAL HAZARD (“ge” - Earth) E. Indoor fire
Geological process or phenomenon F. Lava flow
EXAMPLE: Ballistic projectiles(Rocks from an erupting G. Industrial pollution
volcano),ground shaking,landslide, lava flow, H. Typhoon
liquefaction, tsunami I. Forest fire
J. Liquefaction
HYDROMETEOROLOGICALHAZARD (“hydor” - K. Storm surge
water) (“meteoros” - sky) L. Tsunami
Process or phenomenon of Atmospheric, hydrological M. Extreme rainfall
or Oceanographic nature
EXAMPLE: Tornado, flood, typhoon, forest fire, tsunami

MAN-MADE & TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS

- A hazard originating from technological or industrial
conditions, including accidents, dangerous procedures,
infrastructure failures, or specific human activities.
EXAMPLE OF MAN MADE HAZARD
- Oil and chemical spill, forest fire, and industrial
pollution.

DISASTER
READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION
Philippines: A Country Prone to Natural
Disasters
- Unregulated industrialization and Inadequate safety
The Philippines has experienced from an inexhaustible
number of deadly earthquakes, volcano eruptions, and
other natural disasters. This is due to its location along
the Ring of Fire, a large Pacific Ocean region where
many volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur.
WHAT IS A DISASTER?
Disaster is "a sudden, calamitous occurrence that
causes great harm, injury, destruction, and devastation
to life and property”.
Disasters are often a result of the combination of: the
exposure to a hazard; the conditions of
vulnerability that are present; and insufficient
capacity or measures to reduce or cope with the
potential negative consequences.
Classification of Disasters:
Disasters can be divided into 2 large categories:
A. Natural Disasters
B. Man-made
A. Natural Disasters – a natural phenomenon is
caused by natural forces, such as earthquakes,
typhoon, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, fires, tornados,
and extreme temperatures. They can be classified as
rapid onset disasters and those with progressive onset,
such as droughts that lead to famine. These events,
usually sudden, can have tremendous effects.
B. Man-made - Disasters caused by man are those in
which major direct causes are identifiable intentional
or non-intentional human actions
Subdivided into three categories:
1. Technological/industrial disasters
2. Terrorism/Violence
3. Complex humanitarian emergencies
(1) Technological/Industrial disasters
standards increase the risk for industrial disasters.
EXAMPLE: leaks of hazardous materials; accidental
explosions; bridge or road collapses, or vehicle collisions;
Power cuts
(2) Terrorism/Violence - the threat of terrorism has also
increased due to the spread of technologies involving
nuclear, biological, and chemical agents used to develop
weapons of mass destruction.
EXAMPLE: bombs or explosions; release of chemical
materials; release of biological agents; release of
radioactive agents; multiple or massive shootings; mutinies
(3) Complex humanitarian emergencies - the term
complex emergency is usually used to describe the
humanitarian emergency resulting from an international or
civil war.
EXAMPLE: conflicts or wars and Genocide the deliberate
killing of a large group of people, especially those of a
particular ethnic group or nation
Risk and Disaster Risk
Risk - has various connotations within different
disciplines. In general, risk is defined as “the
combination of the probability of an event and its
negative consequences”
Disaster risk - is the product of the possible
damage caused by a hazard due to the vulnerability
within a community. It should be noted that the effect
of a hazard (of a particular magnitude) would affect
communities differently.
Disasters and Its Effects

Effects of Disasters on one’s Life
What is the difference between hazard and
disaster?
A hazard is a dangerous situation or event that
carries a threat to humans. A disaster is an event
that harms humans and disrupts the operations
of society. Hazards can only be considered
disasters once it affected humans. If a disaster
happened in an unpopulated area, it is still a hazard.
Here are some ways on how to plan ahead
of a disaster:
1. Check for hazards at home.
2. Identify safe place indoors and outdoors
3. Educate yourself and family members
4. Have Disaster kits/supplies on hand.
5. Develop an emergency communication plan.
6. Help your community get ready.
7. Practice the Disaster Preparedness Cycle

The Effect of Natural and Man-Made Disasters to

human

1. Displaced Populations - When countries are

ravaged by earthquakes or other powerful forces of
nature, many people need to abandon their homes and
seek shelter in other regions.
2. Health Risks - Severe flooding can result in
stagnant water that allows breeding of waterborne
bacteria and malaria carrying mosquitoes.
3. Food Scarcity - The aftermath of natural disasters
affects the food supplies. Thousands of people around
the world are hungry because of destroyed crops and
loss of agricultural supplies, whether it happens
suddenly in a storm or gradually in a drought.
4. Emotional Aftershocks - Natural disasters can be
particularly traumatic for young children. Confronted
with scenes of destruction and the deaths of friends
and loved ones, many children develop post-traumatic
stress disorder (PTSD), a serious psychological
condition resulting from extreme trauma.

“Great damage caused by a disaster can be

reduced if everyone will take responsibility in
anticipating its effects.”
3 Important elements such as:
1. Exposure - the "elements at risk from a
natural or man-made hazard event. (Quebral,
2016).
2. Hazard - a potentially dangerous physical
occurrence, phenomenon or human activity that
may result in loss of life or injury, property
damage, social and economic disruption, or
environmental degradation.
3. Vulnerability - the condition determined by
physical, social, economic and environmental
factors or processes, which increase the
susceptibility of a community to the impact of
hazard (Food and Agriculture Organization of
the United nation, FAO 2008).
Reduction of the level of vulnerability and exposure
is possible by keeping people and property as
distant as possible from hazards. We can not avoid
natural events occurring, but we can concentrate on
addressing the reduction of risk and exposure by
determining the factors causing disasters.
Risk Factors are processes or conditions often
development-related, that influence the level of
disaster risk by increasing levels of exposure and
vulnerability or reducing capacity.
The following are also taken into consideration
when risk underlying disaster are involved:
Severity of exposure - which measures those
who experience disaster first hand which has
the highest risk of developing future mental
problems, followed by those in contact with the
victims such as rescue workers and health care
practitioners and the lowest risk are those
most distant like those who have awareness of
the disaster only through news.
Gender and Family - the female gender
suffers more adverse effects. This worsens
when children are present at home. Marital
relationships are places under strain.
Age - adults in the age range 40-60 are more
stresses after disasters but in general, children
exhibit more stress after disasters than adults
do.
Economic status of country - evidence indicates
that sever mental problems resulting from
disasters are more prevalent in developing
countries like the Philippines. Furthermore, it has
been observed that natural disasters ten to have
more adverse effects in developing countries than
do man-caused disasters in developed countries.
Factors which underlie disasters:
1. Climate Change - can increase disaster risk in a
variety of ways - by alternating the frequency and
intensity of hazards events, affecting vulnerability
to hazards, and changing exposure patterns. For
most people, the expression "climate change"
means the alternation of the world's climate that
we humans are causing such as burning of fossil
fuels, deforestation and other practices that
increase the carbon footprint and concentration of
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
2. Environmental Degradation - changes to the
environment can influence the frequency and
intensity of hazards, as well as our exposure and
vulnerability to these hazards. For instance,
deforestation of slopes often leads to an increase in
landslide hazard and removal of mangroves can
increase the damage caused by storm surges
(UNISDR, 2009b). It is both a driver and
consequence of disaster, reducing the capacity of
the environment to meet social and ecological
needs.
3. Globalized Economic Development - It result in
an increased polarization between the rich and poor
on a global scale. Currently increasing the exposure
of assets in hazards prone areas, globalized
economic development provides an opportunity to
build resilience if effectively managed.
4. Poverty and Inequality - Impoverished people
are more likely to live in hazard-exposed areas and
are less able to invest in risk-reducing measures.
The lack of access to insurance and social
protection means that people on poverty are often
forced to use their already limited assets to buffer
disaster losses, which drives them into further
poverty,
5. Poorly planned and Managed Urban
Development - a new wave of urbanization is
unfolding in hazard-exposed countries and with it, new
opportunities for resilient investment emerge. People,
poverty, and disaster risk are increasingly
concentrated in cities. The growing rate of
urbanization and the increase in population density (in
cities) can lead to creation of risk, especially when
urbanization is rapid, poorly planned and occurring in
a context of widespread poverty.
6. Weak Governance - weak governance zones are
investment environments in which public sector actors
are unable or unwilling to assume their roles and
responsibilities in protecting rights, providing basic
services and public services. Disaster risk is
disproportionately concentrated in lower-income
countries with weak governance
Potential Earthquake Hazards and its Effects
what is an earthquake?
Earthquake - is a feeble shaking to violent trembling
of the ground produced by the sudden displacement of
rocks or rock materials below the earth’s surface.
There are two types of earthquakes:
- Tectonic Earthquake
- Volcanic Earthquake
5 different earthquake-related hazards
1. Ground shaking - disruptive up-down
and sideways movement or motion
experienced during an earthquake.
2. Ground rupture - displacement on the
ground due to movement of fault .
3. Tsunami - sea waves resulting from the
disturbance of ocean floor by an
earthquake.
4. Liquefaction - is a process that
transforms the behavior of a body of
sediments from that of a solid to that of a
liquid when subjected to extremely
intense shaking.
5. Earthquake-induced landslide -
failures in steep or hilly slopes triggered
by an earthquake

TECTONIC EARTHQUAKE - are those generated by

the sudden displacement along faults in the solid and
rigid layer of the earth.

VOLCANIC EARTHQUAKE - induced by rising lava or

magma beneath active volcanoes

Fault
refers to a fracture, fissure or a zone of weakness
where movement or displacement has occurred or
may occur again.
a fault is said to be “active fault” if it has
historical and contemporary seismicity, has
evidence of fault slip based on displaced rocks or
soil units of known age and displaced landforms.
1.Disaster risk can be determined by the presence 7. A natural hazard can be classified as a Disaster?
of the following elements of Disaster EXCEPT_____ a. true
a. phenomenon b. false
b. coping capacity 8. Which of the following is NOT a type of natural
c. vulnerability to a hazard hazard that causes disaster?
d. hazard (natural or man made) a. tornado
2. It is also called as the Circum-Pacific belt, the b. typhoon
zone of earthquakes surrounding the Pacific Ocean c. earthquake
where about 99% of the world's earthquake occurs d. car accident
a. locust 9. Which of the following is an example of man-caused
b. drought disaster?
c. ring of fire a. storm surges
d. subsidence b. flooded coastal areas
3. A natural disaster is a ___ event c. landslide on mining sites
a. expected d. oil spills from shipping boat
b. planned 10. It is defined as the source of danger and
c. scheduled something that may cause injury or threat to humans?
d. unexpected a. disaster
4. All of the following show effect of disasters b. hazard
EXCEPT c. phenomenon
a. displacement of populations d. risk
b. damage to the ecological environment 11. Which of the following is an example of natural
c. destruction of a population's homeland hazards?
d. sustained public attention during the a. factories
recovery phase b. fault lines
5. During the initial stage of a disaster, almost all c. mining sites
surface means of transportation within the d. chemical plants
community are disrupted by broken bridges, roads, 12. It is a process or phenomenon of organic origin or
and streets that are rendered impassable by conveyed by biological vectors/Agents, including
landslides or floods. The restricted mobility of exposure to pathogenic micro-organisms, toxins and
vehicles makes rescue and other emergency bioactive substances.
operations doubly difficult. What is this a. biological hazard
impact/effect of disaster? b. geological hazard
a. economic impact c. hydrometeorological hazard
b. social and political impact d. man-made hazard
c. damage to critical facilities 13. Process or phenomenon of Atmospheric,
d. disruption of transportation hydrological or Oceanographic nature.
6. The potential disaster losses in lives, health a. biological hazard
statuses, livelihoods, assets, and services, which b. geological hazard
could occur in a particular community or a society c. hydrometeorological hazard
over some specified future time period is called____ d. man-made hazard
a. disaster risk 14. It involves the identification and mapping of the
b. disaster mitigation elements at risk and the assessment of people,
c. disaster preparedness animals and plants that may be affected?
d. disaster prevention a. exposure
b. vulnerability
c. disaster risk
d. risk assessment
 ASSESSMENT MODULE 1:
15. It is a geological process or phenomenon that 1. Which of the following is a sudden, calamitous
affects the all the land surface? event, bringing great damage, loss, destruction,
a. biological hazard and devastation to life and property?
b. geological hazard a. disaster
c. hydrometeorological hazard b. hazard
d. man-made hazard c. phenomenon
16. Which of the following is a product of the massive d. risk
damages to life and property caused by a natural 2. A natural disaster can be a _____________ .
phenomenon due to the vulnerability within a a. phenomenon
community? b. terrorism/Violence
a. destruction c. technological/industrial issues
b. disaster d. complex humanitarian emergencies
c. disaster risk 3. All of the following are the effects of disasters
d. vulnerability EXCEPT ___________
17 . Which of the following category is NOT part of a. can destroy health infrastructure
man-made hazard? b. can cause an unexpected number of deaths
a. terrorism/violence c. can have adverse effects on the environment
b. technological/industrial d. can cause the ability of every specie to
c. complex humanitarian emergencies reproduce
d. preventive and precautionary measures 4. It is also called as the Circum-Pacific belt, the
18. What is this inherently unexpected and happening zone of earthquakes surrounding the Pacific
that comes quickly without any warning? Ocean where about 99% of the world’s
a. disaster earthquake occurs.
b. hazard a. drought
c. phenomenon b. ring of fire
d. risk c. subsidence
19. Disaster has a great impact on______ d. Bermuda Triangle
a. buildings 5. Which of the following is NOT an example of
b. garden man-caused hazard?
c. humanity a. mutiny
d. parks b. genocide
c. earthquake
d. bombs or explosions
6. It is defined as the source of danger and
something that may cause injury or harm. It is also
the uncertain course of events in a country.
a. disaster
b. hazard
c. risk
d. phenomenon
7. Which of the following category is a man-made 12. There are many impacts of Disaster, on what
hazard? impact it will fall if a person is
a. storm
surges suffering from

post-traumatic stress syndrome?
b. flooded coastal areas a. physical wellbeing impact
c. Landslide on Mining sites b. mental wellbeing impact
d. Oil Spills from shipping boat c. social wellbeing impact
8. Which of the following is NOT included in the d. none of the above
phases of disaster? 13. Erica is outside the building. Which action
a. recovery phase should she do when she feels the ground is
b. planning phase shaking?
c. emergency phase a. Stay away from trees, powerlines, post and
d. preparedness phase concrete structures.
9. A natural disaster where sea waves of local or b. Move away from steep slopes which may be
distant origin that results from large-scale seafloor affected by landslides.
displacements associated with large earthquakes, c. If near the shore and feel and earthquake,
major submarine slides, or exploring volcanic especially if it’s too strong,
hazards is called _______ move quickly to higher grounds.
a. earthquake d. All of the above.
b. flood 14. The potential disaster losses in lives, health
c. tsunami statuses, livelihoods, assets,
d. typhoon and services, which could occur in a particular
10. During the initial stage of a disaster, almost all community or a society over
surface means of transportation within the some specified future time period is called
community are disrupted by broken bridges, roads, _______________.
and streets that are rendered impassable by a. disaster risk
landslides or floods. The restricted mobility of b. disaster mitigation
vehicles makes rescue and other emergency c. disaster prevention
operations doubly difficult. What is this impact/ d. disaster preparedness
effect of disaster? 15. Disaster has a great impact on which of the
a. economic impact following aspect?
b. social and political impact a. Bacteria
c. damage to critical facilities b. Human
d. disruption of transportation c. Invention
11. Which of the following variables will NOT d. Technology
determine the elements in identifying disaster risk?
a. coping capacity
b. population explosion
WHAT I KNOW
c. vulnerability to a hazard 1. What is this inherently unexpected and
d. hazard (natural or man-made) happening that comes quickly without any
warning?
a. disaster
b. hazard
c. phenomenon
d. risk
2. A natural

disaster is a(n) _____ event. 9. Which of
the following category is NOT part of man-
a. expected
made hazard?
b. planned a. terrorism/violence
c. scheduled b. technological/industrial
d. unexpected c. complex humanitarian emergencies
3. It is also called as the Circum-Pacific belt, the d. preventive and precautionary measures
zone of earthquakes surrounding the Pacific 10. Which of the following is useful to better establish
Ocean where about 99% of the world’s priorities and response activities, and systematize
earthquake previous experiences?
occurs. a. disaster risk
a. locust b. effects of disaster
b. drought c. phases of disaster
c. ring of fire d. categories of disaster
d. subsidence 11. It involves the identification and mapping of the
4. All of the following show effect of disasters elements at risk and the assessment of people,
EXCEPT__________. animals and plants that may be affected?
a. displacement of populations a. exposure
b. damage to the ecological environment b. vulnerability
c. destruction of a population’s homeland a. disaster risk
d. sustained public attention during the c. risk assessment
recovery phase 12. The potential disaster losses in lives, health
5. Which of the following is an example of man- statuses, livelihoods,
caused disaster? assets, and services, which could occur in a particular
a. storm surges community or a
b. flooded coastal areas society over some specified future time period is
c. landslide on mining sites called _______________.
d. oil spills from shipping boat a. disaster risk
6. Which of the following is an example of natural b. disaster mitigation
hazards? c. disaster preparedness
a. factories d. disaster prevention
b. fault lines 13. Disaster has a great impact on __________________.
c. mining sites a. buildings
a. chemical plants b. garden
7. Which of the following is NOT a type of natural c. humanity
hazard that causes disaster? d. Parks
a. tornado 14. Which of the following is a product of the massive
b. typhoon damages to life and property caused by a hazard due
c. earthquake to the vulnerability within a community?
d. car accident a. destruction
8. It is defined as the source of danger and b. disaster
something that may cause injury or harm. c. disaster risk
a. disaster d. vulnerability
b. hazard
c. phenomenon
d. risk
15. Disaster risk can be determined by the
reduction of the level of vulnerability and
presence of the following elements of Disaster
EXCEPT _________
a. phenomenon
b. coping capacity
c. vulnerability to a hazard
d. hazard (natural or man-made)
6. How will
exposure be possible?
a. proper knowledge on disaster risk
b. potentially damaging physical even
c. increase the susceptibility of a community to the
impact of hazard
d. by keeping people and property as distant as
possible from hazards

WHAT I KNOW MODULE 2: 7. Which of the following risk factors affect with
inequality?
1. Which of the following is the process or a. poverty
condition, often development-related, that b. climate change
influence the level of disaster risk by increasing c. weak governance
levels of exposure and vulnerability or reducing d. globalized economic development
capacity? 8. Unwillingness to assume their roles and
a. risk factor responsibilities in governing
b. disaster risk disaster risk unit, falls under which of the following
c. natural hazard risk factors?
d. man-made hazard a. climate change
2. Which of the following is NOT an element which b. weak governance
causes disaster? c. poverty and inequality
a. exposure d. environmental degradation
b. hazard 9. Which among the groups suffer more adverse
c. risk effects when an earthquake
d. vulnerability causing disaster occurs?
3. Which of the following BEST describes hazard? a. men and women
a. loss of life or injury naturally b. children and women (right answer)
b. a phenomenon or human activity c. old persons and women
c. potentially damaging physical event d. old persons and children
d. reduction of vulnerability and exposure 10. The occurrence of landslides in the Philippines is
4. Which of the following risk factors BEST increasing. This kind of disaster will fall under which
describes the cause of COVID-19 pandemic? of the following risks?
a. climate change a. poverty and inequality
b. weak governance b. climate change and weak governance
c. globalized economic development c. climate change and environmental
d. poorly- planned and managed urban degradation
development d. climate change and globalized economic
5. It refers to the changes that can be attributed development
“directly or indirectly to human activity altering 11. The ages below are average years ranges affected
the composition of the global atmosphere and by specific situations happening as a disaster occurs.
additionally to the natural climate variability Which of the following age ranges are “Most Stressed-
observed over comparable periods of time”? Out” after a disaster according to Asian Disaster
a. deforestation Preparedness Center (ADPC)?
b. climate change a. 16-20
c. global warming b. 20-30
d. carbon footprint c. 30-40
d. 40-60
 ASSESSMENT
12. Which
of the following risk factors is the result 1. Which of
the following is the process or
in an increased polarization between the rich and condition, often development related, that
poor on a global scale? influence the level of disaster risk by increasing
a. climate change levels of exposure and vulnerability or reducing
b. poverty and inequality capacity?
c. environmental degradation a. risk factor
d. globalized economic development b. disaster risk
13. Which of the following is NOT a contributor to c. natural hazard
the worst outcomes d. man-made hazard
when a disaster happened? 2. Which of the following is NOT an element which
a. displacement causes disaster?
b. can handle stress a. exposure
c. death of someone close b. hazard
d. massive loss of property c. risk
14. Who among the following groups of people are d. vulnerability
more likely to live in hazard-exposed areas and are 3. Which of the following BEST describes hazard?
less able to invest in risk-reducing measures a. loss of life or injury naturally
based on most studies in Asian Disaster b. a phenomenon or human activity
Preparedness Center (ADPC)? c. potentially damaging physical event
a. middle class d. reduction of vulnerability and exposure
b. senior citizens 4. Which of the following risk factors BEST
c. young professionals describes the cause of COVID19 pandemic?
d. impoverished people a. climate change
15. It is a risk factor that is both a driver and a b. weak governance
consequence of disasters, reducing the capacity of c. globalized economic development
the environment to meet social and ecological d. poorly- planned and managed urban development
needs, what is it? 5. It refers to the changes that can be attributed
a. climate change “directly or indirectly to human activity altering
b. weak governance the composition of the global atmosphere and
c. poverty and inequality additionally to the natural climate variability
d. environmental degradation observed over comparable periods of time”?
a. deforestation
b. climate change
c. global warming
d. carbon footprint
6. How will reduction of the level of vulnerability
and exposure be possible?
a. proper knowledge on disaster risk
b. potentially damaging physical even
c. increase the susceptibility of a community to the
impact of hazard
d. by keeping people and property as distant
as possible from
 13. Which of the following is NOT a contributor to the
worst outcomes when a disaster happened?
7. Which of the following risk factors affect with a. displacement
inequality? b. can handle stress
a. poverty c. death
of someone close
b. climate change d. massive loss of property
c. weak governance 14. Who among the following groups of people are
d. globalized economic development more likely to live in hazard-exposed areas and are
8. Unwillingness to assume their roles and less able to invest in risk-reducing measures based on
responsibilities in governing disaster risk unit, falls most studies in Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
under which of the following risk factors? (ADPC)?
a. climate change a. middle class
b. weak governance b. senior citizens
c. poverty and inequality c. young professionals
d. environmental degradation d. impoverished people
9. Which among the groups suffer more adverse 15. It is a risk factor that is both a driver and a
effects when an earthquake causing disaster consequence of disasters, reducing the capacity of the
occurs? a. men and women environment to meet social and ecological needs, what
b. children and women (right answer) is it?
c. old persons and women a. climate change
d. old persons and children b. weak governance
10. The occurrence of landslides in the Philippines c. poverty and inequality
is increasing. This kind of disaster will fall under d. environmental degradation
which of the following risks?
a. poverty and inequality Activity 1.3:
b. climate change and weak governance
1. unwillingness to assume their roles and
c. climate change and environmental
responsibilities in governing disaster risk
degradation
department (F)
d. climate change and globalized economic
2. rising sea levels (A)
development
3. cities located in low-altitude estuaries such as
11. The ages below are average years ranges
Marikina City, Philippines are exposed to sea-
affected by specific situations happening as a
level rise and flooding. (E)
disaster occurs. Which of the following age ranges
4. houses are built with lightweight materials (D)
are “Most Stressed-Out” after a disaster according
5. effects in developing countries (C)
to Asian Disaster Preparedness Center (ADPC)?
6. deforestation that can lead to landslide (B)
a. 16-20
7. global Warming (A)
b. 20-30
8. garbage slide killed that over 200 people in an
c. 30-40
informal settlement in Manila, the Philippines,
d. 40-60
(D)
12. Which of the following risk factors is the result
9. Fragmented responsibilities for drought risk
in an increased polarization between the rich and
management (E)
poor on a global scale?
a. climate change A. Climate Change
b. poverty and inequality B. Environmental Degradation
c. environmental degradation C. Globalized Economic Development
d. globalized economic development D. Poverty and Inequality
E. Poorly planned and Managed Urban Development
F. Weak Governance
 WHAT I KNOW: MODULE 3

7. COVID19

has caused millions of diseased
1. What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?

people and thousands of

a. Congenital condition
deaths all over the world. How are you going to
b. Neonatal condition
name the damaging
c. Pre-existing condition
event?
d. Psychological condition
a. disaster
2. What is the collective term used for the condition of
b. hazard
people who develop stress reaction that negatively
c. politicking
affect their physical and mental behavior after
d. terrorism
suffering from a disaster?
8. How are you going to call a dangerous
a. displaced population
condition that carries human
b. emotional aftershock
threat?
c. food scarcity
a. disaster
d. health risk
b. hazard
3. What do you call the effect of a disaster that causes
c. politicking
a group of people
d. terrorism
forced to leave their homes?
9. A strong typhoon hit an uninhabited area in
a. displaced population
the mountainous Sierra Madre region. What are
b. emotional aftershock
you going to name the damaging event?
c. food scarcity
a. disaster
d. health risk
b. hazard
4. Which among the following is NOT an effect of a
c. politicking
disaster?
d. terrorism
a. displaced population
10. What is it that disasters bring to humans?
b. emotional aftershock
a. devastation
c. food scarcity
b. excitement
d. health risk
c. fame
5. What effect of disaster refers to the shortage of
d. power
sustenance among people?
11. In a situation that you know you and your
a. displaced population
family are on a disaster risk area, how could you
b. emotional aftershock
reduce the impact of a disaster that may come in
c. food scarcity
your life?
d. health risk
a. Avoid the crowd.
6. What is the term used referring to damaging
b. Watch news to be informed.
incident that happened unexpectedly in a certain
c. Get the right mindset and preparation.
society and caused harm to people and their
d. Build good relationships among neighbors.
properties?
12. Why should people need to plan and be ready
a. disaster
for the possible consequences of a disaster?
b. hazard
a. So that people would show their own
c. politicking
capabilities.
d. terrorism
b. So that people could set an example to others.
c. So that people would reduce the
potential effects of disasters.
d. So that people could prepare ahead of time
13. Which should be the right attitude in dealing the 3. What
do you call the effect of a disaster that
effects of a disaster? causes a group of people forced to leave their
a. Let us be mindful of others. homes?
b. Try to be a leader for others. a. displaced population
c. Show positivity in dealing with it. b. emotional aftershock
d. Be grateful on what the government can provide. c. food scarcity
14. Which of the following characteristics will help a d. health risk
person to recover 4. Which among the following is NOT an effect of a
quickly after a disaster? disaster?
a. One must be happy and hopeful. a. displaced population
b. One must be prayerful and friendly. b. emotional aftershock
c. One must be wise and cooperative. c. food scarcity d. health risk
d. One must be resourceful and determined. 5. What effect of disaster refers to the shortage of
15. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an sustenance among people?
infectious disease caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS- a. displaced population
CoV-2), a serious acute respiratory syndrome. b. emotional aftershock
This was first detected in Wuhan, China in December c. food scarcity
2019 and then spread around the globe, triggering a d. health risk
continuing pandemic SITUATION. How can the 6. What is the term used referring to damaging
Philippine win against disasters like COVID19? incident that happened unexpectedly in a certain
a. Quarantine protocols must be continued. society and caused harm to people and their
b. People must maintain a clean environment at all properties?
time. a. disaster
c. The citizens must follow health guidelines and b. hazard
safety measures. c. politicking
d. The government must be allowed to decide for the d. terrorism
good of the fellow 7. COVID19 has caused millions of diseased people
people. and thousands of deaths all over the world. How are
you going to name the damaging event?

ASSESSMENT a. disaster
b. hazard
1. What is Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)? c. politicking
a. Congenital condition d. terrorism
b. Neonatal condition 8. How are you going to call a dangerous condition
c. Pre-existing condition that carries human threat?
d. Psychological condition a. disaster
2. What is the collective term used for the condition of b. hazard
people who develop stress reaction that negatively c. politicking
affect their physical and mental behavior after d. terrorism
suffering from a disaster? 9. A strong typhoon hit an uninhabited area in the
a. displaced population mountainous Sierra Madre region. What are you
b. emotional aftershock going to name the damaging event?
c. food scarcity a. disaster
d. health risk b. hazard
c. politicking
d. terrorism
10. What is it that disasters bring to humans? 15. Coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an
a. devastation infectious disease caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-
b. excitement CoV-2), a serious acute respiratory syndrome. This was
c. fame first detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and
d. power then spread around the globe, triggering a continuing
11. In a situation that you know you and your family pandemic SITUATION. How can the Philippine win
are on a disaster against disasters like COVID19?
risk area, how could you reduce the impact of a a. Quarantine protocols must be continued.
disaster that may b. People must maintain a clean environment at all
come in your life? time.
a. Avoid the crowd. c. The citizens must follow health guidelines and
b. Watch news to be informed. safety measures.
c. Get the right mindset and preparation. d. The government must be allowed to decide for the
d. Build good relationships among neighbors. good of the fellow people.
12. Why should people need to plan and be ready for
the possible
consequences of a disaster?
a. So that people would show their own capabilities.
b. So that people could set an example to others.
c. So that people would reduce the potential
effects of disasters.
d. So that people could prepare ahead of time
13. Which should be the right attitude in dealing the
effects of a disaster?
a. Let us be mindful of others.
b. Try to be a leader for others.
c. Show positivity in dealing with it.
d. Be grateful on what the government can provide.
14. Which of the following characteristics will help a
person to recover quickly after a disaster?
a. One must be happy and hopeful.
b. One must be prayerful and friendly.
c. One must be wise and cooperative.
d. One must be resourceful and determined.