MAULANA AZAD NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING

ELECTRICAL SERVICES

BY MR. SURYA CHANDRA PANDEY

SCH NO. 201110017
SUB. ELECTRICAL SERVICES
SEC. A SEM 5
• What Is LED lighting system?

LED stands for light-emitting diode. When voltage is applied

to the two leads, electrons move around and create light
(electro-luminescence). By comparison, an 
incandescent bulb lights up when the internal filament is
heated; a CFL bulb glows when an electrical current runs
through the gases in the tube. There are numerous 
LED lighting fixtures, so you can find plenty of styles for every
room in your home. From pendant lights for the kitchen to 
LED outdoor wall lights for a deck, there are many options
that are both stylish and energy efficient.
•Best Uses for LEDs 

These days, the answer is: anywhere. From dining room

chandeliers to landscapes, LED lighting provides beautiful
illumination in just about any space. 
But one great advantage of LEDs is their excellent
directionality, so they are an especially great option for: 

•Task and reading lamps 

•Cove lighting 
•Under cabinet lighting 
•Stair and walkway lighting
•Recessed lighting 
•Hard-to-reach places (due to LEDs’ long life and low
maintenance) 
•Art lighting (unlike incandescent and fluorescents, LEDs
don’t produce UV radiation, making them safe for artwork) 

•LED Products
•Industrial and Commercial Lighting

The high efficiency and directional nature of LEDs makes them

ideal for many industrial uses. LEDs are increasingly common
in street lights, parking garage lighting, walkway and other
outdoor area lighting, refrigerated case lighting, modular
lighting, and task lighting.
•Recessed Downlights

Recessed downlights are commonly used in residential

kitchens, hallways, and bathrooms, and in a number of office
and commercial settings. DOE estimates there are more than
600 million recessed downlights installed in U.S. homes and
businesses.  

•Under-Cabinet Lighting

Because LEDs are small and directional, they are ideal for
lighting tight spaces such as countertops for cooking and
reading recipes. Since there can be variation in light color and
directionality, it is important to compare products to find the
best fixture for your space.

•LED Replacement Bulbs

With performance improvements and dropping prices, LED

lamps can affordably and effectively replace 40, 60, 75, and
even 100 Watt incandescent bulbs. It's important to read the
Lighting Facts Label to make sure the product is the right
brightness and color for its intended use and location. 

•LED Holiday Lights

LEDs consume far less electricity than incandescent bulbs,

and decorative LED light strings such as Christmas tree lights
are no different. 
• Advantages of led lighting system

1. Long Lifespan
Compared to the lifespan of your average incandescent
bulb, the lifespan of a LED light is far superior. The average
incandescent bulb lasts about a thousand hours. The
lifespan of an average LED light is 50,000 hours.
2. Energy Efficiency
Another one of the leading LED lighting advantages is their
energy-efficient operation. You can measure the energy
efficiency of a lighting source in useful lumens, which
describes the amount of lighting that the device emits for
each unit of power, or watt, that the bulb uses.
3. Improved Environmental Performance
It is becoming increasingly important for companies to
become eco-friendly. Customers increasingly want
environmentally friendly options and using an
environmentally friendly light source can help companies
reduce their energy use, as well as attract a socially
conscious consumer base.
• Disadvantages of LED lighting system

• Blue hazard
There is a concern that blue LEDs and cool-white LEDs are now
capable of exceeding safe limits of the so-called blue-light hazard as
defined in eye safety specifications such as ANSI/IESNA RP-27.1-05:
Recommended Practice for Photobiological Safety for Lamp and Lamp
Systems. 

• Light quality
Most cool-white LEDs have spectra that differ significantly from a
black body radiator like the sun or an incandescent light.

• Temperature dependence
LED performance largely depends on the ambient temperature of the
operating environment. Over-driving the LED in high ambient
temperatures may result in overheating of the LED package,
eventually leading to device failure.

• Blue pollution
Because cool-white LEDs (i.e., LEDs with high color temperature) emit
proportionally more blue light than conventional outdoor light
sources such as high-pressure sodium lamps, the strong wavelength
dependence of Rayleigh scattering means that cool-white LEDs can
cause more light pollution than other light sources.