ACE 313: ENGINEERING UTILITIES 1

1
AUGUST 2022

BUILDING ELECTRICAL
MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT
BY: FEARL S. MAGALIT
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18.7 ELECTRIC
MOTORS

ELECTRIC
• MOTORS
MOTOR RATINGS
• TYPES OF MOTORS
• MOTOR CONTROLLERS

Joseph B. & Frank D. (2010). MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in

Architecture, Engineering, andConstruction

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WHAT IS ELECTRIC MOTORS?

ELECTRIC
• is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy
MOTORS
into mechanical energy.
• The electric motor serves us well beyond the limits of
what one human being can produce.
• Motors are designed to operate on voltages slightly less
than the building system voltage, because voltage
available at the motor outlet is less than the building
system voltage because of a voltage drop on the branch
circuit conductors.
Joseph B. & Frank D. (2010). MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in
Architecture, Engineering, andConstruction

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MOTOR RATING
• Electric motors
are rated in TYPES OF
horsepower (hp). MOTOR RATING
One horsepower
is equivalent to 33 • LRA
000 foot-pounds • FLA
(ft-lb) of work per
minute (550
• RLA
ft-lb/s).
Joseph B. & Frank D. (2010). MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in
Architecture, Engineering, andConstruction

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MOTOR RATING

TYPES OF
MOTOR RATING

• LRA LOCKED ROTOR AMPERAGE

• FLA FULL LOAD AMPERAGE

• RLA RUNNING LOAD AMPERAGE

Joseph B. & Frank D. (2010). MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in

Architecture, Engineering, andConstruction

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TYPES OF MOTOR

• UNIVERSAL MOTOR
• SPLIT-PHASE MOTOR
• CAPACITOR MOTOR
• INDUCTION MOTOR
• THREE-PHASE MOTOR
• DUAL-VOLTAGE MOTOR
Joseph B. & Frank D. (2010). MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in
Architecture, Engineering, andConstruction

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TYPES OF MOTOR
• UNIVERSAL MOTOR
-is a type of electric motor that can operate on either AC or DC
power and uses an electromagnet as its stator to create its magnetic field.

Joseph B. & Frank D. (2010). MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in

Architecture, Engineering, andConstruction

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TYPES OF MOTOR

• SPLIT-PHASE MOTOR
-operates on single-phase AC only. The motor
windings are configured so that single-phase AC power is
split into two phases that are 1 ⁄2 out of phase.

Joseph B. & Frank D. (2010). MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in

Architecture, Engineering, andConstruction

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TYPES OF MOTOR

• CAPACITOR MOTOR
-is a modified split-phase induction motor used for
hard-to-start loads. CS motors are efficient and require
starting currents about 5 times their full-load currents.

Joseph B. & Frank D. (2010). MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in

Architecture, Engineering, andConstruction

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TYPES OF MOTOR

• INDUCTION MOTOR
-Use electromagnetic induction to cause the motor
rotor to turn. Repulsion-start induction motors are capable
of handling heavy starting loads.

Joseph B. & Frank D. (2010). MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in

Architecture, Engineering, andConstruction

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TYPES OF MOTOR

• THREE-PHASE MOTOR
-are a type of AC motor that is a specific example of
a polyphase motor. These motors can be either an
induction motor (also called an asynchronous motor) or a
synchronous motor. The motors consist of three main
components – the stator, the rotor, and the enclosure.

Joseph B. & Frank D. (2010). MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in

Architecture, Engineering, andConstruction

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TYPES OF MOTOR
• DUAL VOLTAGE MOTOR
-are a type of AC motor that is a specific example of
a polyphase motor. These motors can be either an
induction motor (also called an asynchronous motor) or a
synchronous motor. The motors consist of three main
components – the stator, the rotor, and the enclosure.

• Manufacturer’s type and frame designation

• Horsepower output
• Power factor
• Maximum ambient temperature for which
motor is designed
• Insulation system designation Revolutions per
minute at rated load
• Frequency
• Number of phases
Joseph B. & Frank D. (2010). MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in • Rated load current
Architecture, Engineering, andConstruction
• Voltage

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MOTOR CONTROLLERS
-is a switching device designed to start, stop, and protect the motor. A controller might also be called
on to provide functions such as reversing, jogging, plugging, operating at several speeds, or at reduced
levels of current and motor torque.

VARIABLE-FREQUENCY DRIVE MOTOR CONTROL CENTER

Joseph B. & Frank D. (2010). MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS in

Architecture, Engineering, andConstruction

ACE313 ELECTRIC MOTORS 13