STATISTICS AND

PROBABILITY
JASON BIGATA
STATISTICS
The methods of planning
experiments, obtaining data,
analyzing it, drawing
conclusions from it, and making
decisions on the basis of the
analysis.
STATISTICS
QUALITATIVE
 Categorical attribute “what kind?”
QUANTITATIVE
 Numerical data “how much? how
many?”
DISCRETE – Countable Data
CONTINUOUS – Measurable Data
VARIABLES
It is any information, attribute,
characteristics, number, or
quantity that describes a
person, a place, event, thing, or
idea that can be measured or
counted.
VARIABLES
STATISTICAL INFERENCE
The selection of a representative subset from
a whole population. Analysis of the sample
gives information about the whole
population.
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
Data is summarized but no inferences are
made.
RANDOM VARIABLE
A quantity that can take any one of a
number of unpredicted values.
It may viewed as a way to map outcomes
of statistical experiment determine by
chance into number. It is a set whose
element are the numbers assigned to the
outcomes of an experiments.
RANDOM VARIABLE

In some experiments such as:

• Tossing a coins
• Rolling a dice twice
• Drawing two balls in a box
• Answering using “YES” or “NO”
DISCRETE RANDOM VARIABLE
A random variable that can take on a finite (or
countably infinite) number of distinct values.
Examples:
 The number of cars sold by a car dealer in one
month.
 The number of typographical errors in a rough
draft of a book.
 The number of applicants who have applied for a
vacant position at a company.
CONTINUOUS RANDOM VARIABLE

A random variable that that take an

infinitely uncountable number of possible
values, typically measurable quantities.
Examples:
 The length of time it takes a truck driver to go
from Naga City to Pasay City.
 The depth

QUARTILE FOR GROUPED DATA
Formula to calculate the class:

where: total frequency

nth quartile, where , , and
 REFERENCE
Calanta, M. M., Canonigo, A. M., Chua, A. I., Cruz, J. D.,
Esparrago, M. S. et al. (2021). Mathematics
Learner’s Module Grade 10. Quezon City, Philippines.
Rex Book Store, Inc. pp. 385-387.