Lesson 3

Problem-Solution
 Distinguishes between
Learning and among patterns of
Competency development in writing
1 across disciplines
(problem-solution)
(EN11/12RWS-IIIbf-3.7).
 Objectives

● identify the variations of the problem-solution

pattern in writing; and
● utilize the problem-solution pattern of
development in writing.
Essential Question

What sets the problem-solution pattern apart

from other patterns of development in writing?
 Warm Up!

1. List down three problems that you have encountered before and
share how you solved each one.
2. Answer the question: What did you realize about yourself after
solving your own problems?
Your Problems Your Solutions
1

What did you realize about yourself after solving your own problems?
 Review

● What are the transitional words that are

typically found in cause-and-effect texts?
● What are the three ways to utilize the cause-
and-effect pattern of development in writing?
 Learn about It!

Problem - an unsatisfactory situation that causes troubles or

difficulties that need to be solved

Solution - a way to deal with the situation so that the troubles

or difficulties are removed

Problem-solution pattern - used to deal with topics that

logically pose problems and present solutions
 Learn about It!

Variations of the Problem-Solution Pattern

Problem-Solution

This is a pattern that has a straightforward approach. The

problem is stated simply, and a possible solution is given.
 Learn about It!

Example:

The heavy traffic in the metro is always seen as an inescapable social

problem. At some points, government officials may even call for the president
to use his emergency powers to resolve the issue. However difficult the
problem is, different people from different sectors have different solutions to
recommend. But with all of these, simple listening may do a significant part. If
the commuters and drivers would only know how to listen and follow traffic
rules, heavy traffic would be alleviated. If the authorities would strictly
implement the law, the followers will adjust, listen, and learn from them.
Lastly, if the government would listen to the clamor of the people who
experience the worst of the situation, officials might have a better chance of
being able to come up with a solution that works for the majority.
 Learn about It!

Variations of the Problem-Solution Pattern

Problem-Cause-Solution

In this pattern, the cause of the problem is identified and

analyzed before a possible solution is presented.
 Learn about It!

Example:

Over the last decade, the rates of childhood obesity have been rising
in the Philippines. There are several reasons for this. One is that
parents tend to indulge their children with unhealthy food and
sweets. Another is that children nowadays are a lot less physically
active because they are more inclined to spending their time playing
with gadgets rather than playing outside.
 Learn about It!

To solve this problem, it would be best for the Department of Health

to raise awareness regarding the health risks of having excess
weight. Schools should also consider providing only healthy food in
the cafeteria and banning the sale of junk food. Lastly, parents
should be more proactive in making sure that their children’s
environment is more conducive to healthy living.
 Learn about It!

Variations of the Problem-Solution Pattern

Problem-Process-Solution

This pattern discusses the process or procedure extensively. The

discussion addresses the problem while the leaders are led to
the solutions.
 Learn about It!

Example:

A school in Baltimore is studying how meditation affects the behavior

of children. Instead of placing misbehaving students in detention, the
school is now having them go to a meditation room where they are
taught some meditation and mindfulness techniques. In the room,
they do stretching, deep breathing, yoga, and mindfulness exercises.
Studies regarding the effects of meditation on children are still in
their early stages, so no conclusions can be made as of yet. However,
it is clear that the practice has had a tremendous impact on the
students, and the results of studies can be used by more schools to
help improve the mental and emotional health of children.
 Writing Prompts

Answer the following writing prompts.

● Suppose you were to write a text about polio. Which of the

three variations of the problem-solution pattern would you
use? Explain.
● What are the other patterns of development in writing that
are related or similar to the problem-solution pattern? State
one and explain how they are related or similar.
● Write a three-paragraph essay about the problem of
miseducation and its possible solutions.
 Writing Prompts

Criteria Beginning Developing Accomplished Score

(1 point) (2–3 points) (4–5 points)
Content/ The output is The output is The output is well-
Substance unsubstantiated with substantiated with substantiated with
significant some significant significant supporting
supporting details. supporting details. details.
Organization The ideas are not The ideas are clearly The ideas are clearly
clearly and logically presented, but an and logically
presented. idea or two are not presented.
logically sequenced.
 Writing Prompts
Criteria Beginning Developing Accomplished Score
(1 point) (2–3 points) (4–5 points)
Unity The written output The written output The written output
does not use any uses limited uses appropriate
transitional signals. transitional signals. A transitional signals.
The sentences do not sentence or two are All the sentences flow
flow smoothly, and seemingly unrelated smoothly from one
some sentences are to the topic. to another.
unrelated to the
topic.
Language There are seven or There are four to There are zero to
(spelling, more language six language three language
grammar, errors. errors. errors.
mechanics, and
word choice)
 Values Integration

As a student, how can you help solve problems

in your community?
 Synthesis

1. The class will be divided into six groups. The first three
groups will act as citizens with problems, while the other
three groups will act as experts or professionals. After one
round of this activity, the groups will switch roles.
2. You will be assigned a certain area of the room where you
can have your session. The session is about the sharing of
problems and solutions.The problems can be your own
problems or some problems you wish to resolve. The
content of the sessions should consider the features
discussed in the lesson.
3. Afterward, share your discussion with the class.
 Synthesis

Criteria Score
Content
(The session is substantial, meaningful, and useful. The
solutions stated are concrete and possible.) 5 pts.
Presentation
(The language use is accurate and appropriate. The experts
show consideration and attentiveness while doing the task.) 5
pts.
Group work
(Everyone in the group participated and provided information
that is appropriate to the assigned role.) 5 pts.
 Assignment

What is the most difficult problem you have encountered,

and how did you deal with it? Answer in a four-paragraph
essay.
Criteria Beginning Developing Accomplished Score
(1 point) (2–3 points) (4–5 points)
Content/ The output is The output is The output is well-
Substance unsubstantiated with substantiated with substantiated with
significant supporting some significant significant supporting
details. supporting details. details.
Organization The ideas are not The ideas are clearly The ideas are clearly
clearly and logically presented, but an and logically
presented. idea or two are not presented.
logically sequenced.
Criteria Beginning Developing Accomplished Score
(1 point) (2–3 points) (4–5 points)
Unity The written output The written output The written output
does not use any uses limited uses appropriate
transitional signals. transitional signals. A transitional signals. All
The sentences do not sentence or two are the sentences flow
flow smoothly, and seemingly unrelated smoothly from one to
some sentences are to the topic. another.
unrelated to the topic.
Language There are seven or There are four to There are zero to
(spelling, more language six language three language
grammar, errors. errors. errors.
mechanics, and
word choice)
Score: