Connective tissue

By
Dr Nadia
INTRODUCTION
Connective tissue is GENERAL FEATURES
one which gives 1. Cells
structural and 2. Matrix
metabolic support to -Fibers
the organ and other
-Ground substance
tissues of the body
Connective tissue
Cells of Connective
tissue
A. Fixed cells (intrinsic
cells)
1. Fibroblast
2. Mesenchymal cells
3.Macrophage(histiocy
te)
4. Adipocyte
B. Free cells (extrinsic
cells)
5. Mast cell
6. Plasma cells
7. Leucocytes
Fibroblast
Most commonly seen
Fusiform with slender
cytoplasmic process
 Large oval nucleus,
 Responsible for
production of fiber
production
 Old cells are fibrocyte,
Contractile Cells are
myofibroblast
fibroblast
Mesenchymal cells
Undifferentiated cells
Stellate in shape,
Cytoplasmic process,
Pluripotenant cell
 Near blood vessels as
Advential cell
Macrophages (Histiocytes)
Free and Fixed type,
 Fixed Cells-
 Irregular Shape
 filopodia process,
 Dark indented eccentric
nucleus .Derived from
monocyte
Involved in phagocytosis.
Fused to form giant cell.
Adipocytes

Store lipid
Appears as empty
space
Collect to form
adipose tissue
Plasma cells

 Oval basophilic cells,

Eccentric nucleus
Heterochromatin as
cartwheel nucleus
Derived from B
lymphocyte
Produces
immunoglobulin
Present in respiratory
tract and
gastrointestinal tract
Mast cell
Round or Fusiform Shaped
Mostly along blood vessels,
Metachromatic granules in
cytoplasm
Granules have Histamine or
Heparin
Look like basophil, so
called as connective tissue
basophil
Connective tissue mast cell
heparin granule, present in
skin.
Leucocytes
Granulocytes
Neutrophils,
Esinophils, Basophils

Agranulocytes
Lymphocytes,Monocytes
Leucocytes
Collagen fibres
White colour when
fresh
Do not branch,
 present in bundle
Collagen protein
forms Fibres
Synthesized by
fibroblast
types
Type1-bones tendons

Type2-cartilage

Type3-reticular fibre

Type4-basement membrane

Type5-blood vessels
Elastic fiber
Composed of elastic
protein
Singly present
Branched and
anastomose
Can be stretched
Synthesized by
fibroblast
Found in ligamentum
flava, large arteries
Reticular fibre
Immature collagen
fibre (type -3)

Framework of
lymphoid tissue

Stained by silver salts

(argyrophellic)
Ground substance
Polysacchrides - galactose
Carbohydrate protein complex (proteoglycanes)-
 1- mucopolysacchride (glucosaminoglycanes)
 NonSulphates-chondotine and hyluronic acid
Sulphates - chondotinesulphate, heparitine
sulphate, keratohyline
 2- glycoprotienes- fibronectine(dermis),
chondronectine (cartilage), laminin (b.m)
water & minerals