Filipino Cultural

Values
Learning Objectives
At the end of the course the students should be
able to:
1. Identify the different Filipino Oriental and
occidental value orientations
2. Enumerate the negative and positive aspect of
the Filipino values
3. Suggest solutions to the issues of Filipino
values
4. Appreciate the impacts of Filipino Values to
national development
LETS GET STARTED
 Definition of Values

Etymologically, values come Values are those standards by

from the Latin word valere, which a group of society
judges the desirability and
which means to be strong or to importance of people, ideas,
be worth. actions or objects.
 Definition of Values

Values are something Values are the ideals,

deserving of one‘s best effort, customs, institutions, etc.
something worth living for, of a society toward which
and if need be worth dying the members of the group
for. have an affective regard.
 Definition of Values

Values is that quality of anything which renders it

desirable or useful. Worth implies intrinsic excellence or
desirability.
 Introduction
• The Filipino value system or Filipino values
refers to the set of values that a majority of the
Filipino have historically held important in their
lives.

• It includes their own unique assemblage of

consistent ideologies, moral codes, ethical
practices, etiquette and cultural and personal
values
Kapwa
The term kapwa, or a shared inner self, lies at
the core of Filipino values and psychology.

A person who treats another as a kapwa has a

shared a sense of identity and consciousness
with that ‗other‘ person.
 Function of Values

Values provide the framework

within which judgments are
made. Values are guides for
behavior.
 Function of Values

Values give purpose and

direction to the lives of
people.

Values give meaning and

significance to life and to
the totality of society.
 Function of Values

• Values Make things desirable,

satisfying, and worthy of
approval.
• Values define what are
important to people, what are
worth living for and if need be,
what are worth dying for.
 Function of Values

Values provide gap between knowledge and action.

Values have a primordial place in education, in the total

formation of the person
 Theories on the Origin of Values
Inner Man or Mentalistic Theory of
Values by William James

• All our obligations, all what we call good

and what we call bad, do not exist as
good and bad per se.

• They are OUR constructions and are for

each of us but a product of each
individual‘s wants, needs and desires.

• The value one places on any given thing.

The goodness or badness of it is purely
the product of each heart and mind.
Theories on the Origin of Values
Outer Man or Behavioral Theory
By B. F Skinner
• Values come from your personal
experiences.

• You get punished or rewarded for

things you did, and that
reinforcement is what determines
what you‘ll deem good and bad.

• Never-ending series of behavioral

reinforcement and extinctions
Theories on the Origin of Values
“ID”, “EGO” and “SUPEREGO” Theory
of Values
By Sigmund Freud
Theories on the Origin of Values
The Labeling Theory or Cultural
Relativism

• Ideas, things, events, behavior are

neither good nor bad per se. It is
society which labels them as either
good or bad.

• If a society comes to an agreement

that something is good, then it
becomes good; when society labels it
as bad then it becomes bad.
 D. Sociological and Cultural origin of the
Filipino and his opposing Value orientations

• We are mixed with the oriental eastern strains and Occidental or

Western Strains
• The Filipinos is pulled towards two conflicting Values
Inconsistency with values
Colonial Mentality
National Amnesia
Lack of National Consciousness
Lack of National Identity
E The Filipino Oriental and occidental value orientations
1. Non-rationalism vs Rationalism
Rationalism involves a
Non-rationalism
belief that by systematic
involves the belief in planning, studying, and
the supremacy of training, one can actually
nature and forces control and manipulate his
outside of oneself or her destiny; one is this
greatly responsible for his
like the belief in
or her own success or
ghost, spirits, gods or failure. A rational person
deities, and other is a scientific-oriented,
supernatural beings. liberal and skeptical.
 Impersonalism

refers to the tendency to

eliminate the influence of
friendship or kinship in working
relations. Behavior is
depersonalized, standardized, or
institutionalized.
2. Particularism vs Universalism

 Particularism
 tendency of a person to
center his or her concern on
his or her sub-groups made
up of relatives, friends,
colleagues, associates,
religious affiliates or
members of his or her
ethnic/regional group in the
larger society to which he or
she belongs.
 2. Particularism vs Universalism

 Universalism
 refers to the tendency
to focus one's attention
and concern on the
promotion of the
national common weal.
The emphasis is on the
general welfare of the
whole society.
 Nationalism vs Internationalism

• Nationalism
• The advocacy of making
one's own nation distinct
• Establish our own
identity
Nationalism vs Internationalism
• Internationalism
• The belief in having friendly
relations between and among the
nations for their mutual and
common benefit.
• Creation of a Global Community
• Citizens of the World
List of Major Filipino Values

Filipinos is rooted primarily in personal alliance systems,

especially those based in kinship, obligation, friendship, religion
(particularly Christianity) and commercial relationship.
 Family Orientation

• The family is at the center of

the Filipino community.
• The value that Filipinos put
into caring for one‘s family
can also be seen as one of the
reasons why nurses and
caregivers from the country
provide their patients and
clients with a high level of
care.
 Humor and Positivity

• Optimism, humor, and positivity

are valued traits in the Philippines.
• In face or challenges we are
encouraged to look into the
brighter side
• Humor and Positivity are use as a
coping mechanism
 Flexibility and
Adaptability

Filipinos often have an

aversion to a set of
standardized rules or
procedures; They are known
to follow a "natural clock" or
organic sense of time—
doing things in the time they
feel is right.
 Flexibility and
Adaptability

• Present Oriented-
• “Gawin kung kailan
deadline”
• The concept of
“Bahala na” is well
present
Faith and Religion

Spirituality is deeply
ingrained in Filipinos.

To many Filipinos,
religion helps shape their
values and principles.
 Filipino Hospitality
Warm Welcome to the Guest

Taking home of Pasalubong

Hard work and
Industriousness
With resourcefulness comes
hard work. Filipinos are very
determined and persevering in
accomplishing whatever they
set their minds to.
Understanding Filipino Behavior

• Filipinos are great at using facial expression and body language to

tip off others on what is really going on their minds.
• Nervous twitching of the nose
• A frown
• Gestures of the hand
• Shrugging the shoulders
• Looking the other way
• Crossing the arms
• Subukan Ko (I‘ll Try)
• I can‘t produce the goods on the date you gave but I don‘t want to
upset you by saying no.‖
• Sometimes referred as Pabalat-Bunga.
 H. Four concepts in understanding Filipino
behavior
1. Amor Propio or Self Esteem

-illustrates the need of the Filipino to be treated as a person, not as an object.

-used to indicate acceptance of any fate rather than to be criticized.
-with this Pinoy characteristic, it is quite difficult to admit mistakes that one may have
committed.
 H. Four concepts in understanding Filipino
behavior
2. Hiya or Shame

-close to a feeling of inferiority, shyness and embarrassment or

alienation.
-experienced in the presence of superior status when one is a failure of
lower status.
 H. Four concepts in understanding Filipino
behavior
3. Utang na Loob or Debt of Gratitude

-refers to a feeling of obligation or

of indebtedness which develops
when one has done a favour for
another.
-those debts are not settled by
money.
-unlike the loans of money where
interest is fixed, these transactions
do not involve the concept of
interest.
 H. Four concepts in understanding Filipino
behavior
4. Pakikisama or Getting along together

 The Filipinos‘ desire

for smooth
interpersonal relations.
 The best way to avoid
conflict is to make
someone feel good.
 I. Transformation values of the Filipino

A person‘s values are not acquired through genetics

because one has to personally cultivate it and live it.
The transformation of one‘s values also involves
moral maturity. It involves the new way of thinking to
perceive the real world and its complexities.
 Core Values

• Truth, Love and Faith

• to be ready to deny what is false and to
accept what is true is needed for intellectual
conversion.

• Integrity
• the wholeness of a man‘s nature.
 Core Values

• Hard work
• the basis for everything worthwhile you will
achieve in life.

• Social justice
• requires that we share our talents and material
possessions with those who are unfortunate and
poor.
 Resources
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• https://progressive.international/static/11167b602a641810633aaacbe43eeede
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