THE SPEECH

WRITING
PROCESS
The process for writing is not chronological or
linear;rather ,it is recursive.

 opportunity to repeat a writing procedure

indefinitely,or procedure multiple drafts first
before you can settle on the right one.
 A good speech often comes from good
writing.Bear the following in mind when
writing a speech:
1.know your audience
2.Organize your ideas logically
3.keep in mind the length and duration of the
speech.
4.Mind your word choice.
5.check your grammar
 THE PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH
WRITING
The following principles of speech writing.
Audience profile
Choosing a topic
Sourcing information
Outlining and organizing the content
Logical organization
Duration
Word choice
Grammatical correctness
1.AUDIENCE PROFILE
Audience profile pertains to the
important details about your audience
that will help you plan your speech.
2.CHOOSING A TOPIC
If you are given the choice of topic of your
speech,start with what you know or are
interested to know.
1.Is the topic interesting to my audience?
2.Is it timely and relevant?
3.Are available sources of information on it?
3.SOURCING INFORMATION
List as many information sources as
possible ex. Video
documentaries;textbooks;other print
sources such as magazines,journals and
newspapers.
 4.OUTLINING AND
ORGANIZING SPEECH
CONTENT
Organize your speech
Limiting you main points to three allows
you to better organize your speech.
5.LOGICAL ORGANIZATION
Categorical/topical-in this pattern for
organizing a speech. The categories help
the speaker organize the message in a
consistent manner.
Comparison/contrast-this pattern is used to
compare and contrast subjects or ideas.
6.DURATION
Time is important and a speaker
should always bear that in mind.
7.WORD CHOICE
Should always keep in mind that there are
appropriate words to say on specific
occasions.
8.GRAMMATICAL
CORRECTNESS
You are not expected to be perfectly
proficient in it.

Avoid grammatical lapses.

 PRINCIPLES OF SPEECH

DELIVERY
Articulation is “an act, process, or means of putting something into words or the clear and
accurate pronunciation of words especially in public speaking .
 The key term that relates to articulation is coherence,which comes from a Latin word that
means “to stick together”.This refers to the logical order of ideas expressed.
 Modulation to modulate your voice is to change the sound of your voice by making it
quieter higher,lower,etc.It also means to change or adjust something so that it exits in a
balanced or proper amount.Modulation is therefore achieved by changing the tone or pitch
of your voice to convey various nuances of meanings when you speak.
Stage presence is the ability to command an audience
with impressive style or manner.
Facial expression is a gesture executed with the facial
muscles.Your face reveals a lot about what you think or
how you feel. It is your most basic visual aid.Without
words, you can still convey your gladness or regret in
delivering a speech.
Gestures these refers to movements or positions of the
land,arm,body,head or face that is expressive of an
idea,opinion,emotion etc.
 Rapport with the audience refers to a speaker’s connection with the audience.This
connection is characterized by harmony ,conformity,accord, or affinity.
 Here are some ways to establish rapport with the audience.
 a. Take time to greet them and make them feel you are glad to be speaking in front of
them and grateful for their time and attention.
 b. Compliment them on their effort, their attention ,cooperation, appearance and so
on.
 c. Involve them interact with them. Ask them questions every now and then.
 d. Use appropriate, tasteful humor. Crack jokes from time to time.
 e. Talk to them like a friend, but always be polite to them.