Rocks

Elizabeth Riker, Aaron Mosesso, Mike

Werhan, and Abbi Smith
Classifications of Rocks
Sedimentary Rock
Sediment rocks occur by
weathering, erosion and
transport because of
wind and water,
sediments become rock
when they get
compacted.
Common sedimentary
rocks are:
Limestone
Sandstone
Conglomerate Conglomerate
Igneous Rocks

 The Earth has magma deep

inside it. If the magma stays
underground, cools, and
hardens, it makes intrusive
igneous rock. 
 Extrusive igneous rock is
made when magma comes to
the Earth’s surface in the form
of lava and then cools and
hardens.
 Common igneous rocks are:
 Granite
 Basalt Granite
 Diorite
Metamorphic Rocks
 Metamorphic rocks are
formed when other kinds of
rocks are changed by great
heat and pressure inside the
earth.
 They were once indigenous
or sedimentary rocks but
have morphed over time.
 They are usually toward the
bottom of layers of rocks.
 Common Metamorphic rocks
are:
 Gneiss
 Schist
 Slate Gniess
Stratigraphic Laws
 Law of Superposition
•States that the oldest layer
of rock is at the bottom and
the youngest layer of rock is
at the top.
 Law of Original Horizontality

•States that sediment o

rock layers were deposited
in a horizontal orientation.

•If units aren’t horizontal

an event occurred
subsequent to the
deposition which
caused layers to fold or
tilt.
 Law of Lateral Continuity
-
•States that deposits
originally extended in
all directions.
 Law of Cross-Cutting Relationships
•States the relationship
between existing rock and
rock which intrudes by
magma flow into existing
rock.
•This creates and intrusion
and an intrusion is always
younger than the rock it
invades.