Academic Year: 2022 – 2023

T.Y B.Tech
Group 1 – B2
QUICK RETURN MECHANISM OF
SHAPING MACHINE
NAME PRN NO ROLL NO
TANMAY KASLIWAL 12010595 29
ADITYA KHABIYA 12010930 34
SUSHOM KHAIRE 12010818 35
AMIT KHARE 12011073 39

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 Content
● Introduction
● Literature Survey
● Reciprocating Air Compressor
● Working
● Classification
● Advantages/Disadvantages
● Application
● References

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 PAPER 1

Name Publication Summary

Quick-Return Mechanism
Design and Analysis Projects
Researchgate Publica,2005
● Having a project related to QR mechanism design and
analysis is very beneficial to the students. The experience
familiarizes the students with the terminology of
mechanisms, with concepts related to mechanism synthesis,
with relative motion analysis, and with techniques and
computer programs for the design and analysis of
mechanisms.
● Since the task of a QR mechanism and the kinematic analysis
involved in the project are basic, the project functions very
well within the first four weeks of a first course on the theory
of mechanisms to strengthen student understanding of the
taught material.

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Mechanism
• When one of the links of a kinematics chain is fixed, the chain is
known as mechanisms.
• It may be used for transmitting or transforming motion eg. engine
indicators, typewriter etc. Types:
a) Simple mechanism - A mechanism with four links
b) Compound mechanism - The mechanism with more than four links
When a mechanism is required to transmit power or to some work; it
then becomes a machine. In such cases the links is to be designed to
withstand the force (both static and kinetic safely) A little
consideration will show that a mechanism may be regarded as a
machine in which each part is reduced to the simplest form to
transmit the required motion

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Machine and Inversion

• Machine –
When a mechanism is required to transmit power or to some work; it then becomes a machine.
In such cases the links is to be designed to withstand the force (both static and kinetic safely) A
little consideration will show that a mechanism may be regarded as a machine in which each part is
reduced to the simplest form to transmit the required motion
• Inversion:
Sometimes, one of the links in a kinematic chain is fixed. In such a case, we may obtain as many
mechanisms as the links of the kinematic chain. This method of obtaining different mechanisms by
fixing in turns different links in a kinematic chain is inversion

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 • A quick return mechanism such as the one seen

Working of below is used where there is a need to convert

rotary motion into reciprocating motion. As the
disc rotates the black slide moves forwards and
Quick backwards. Many machines have this type of
mechanism and in the school workshop the best

Return example is the shaping machine.

• Purpose: It is often desirable to reduce the non-

Mechanism productive time in machining, so we use quick

return mechanism to let the backward stroke
operate at a higher speed than forward stroke.

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Types Of • The most important kinematic chains are those
which consist of four lower pairs, cache pair

Kinematic
being a sliding pair or a turning pair. The
following types of kinematic chain are important
AL-DIN from subject point of view :

Chain a. Four bar chain or quadratic cycle chain

1. Beam engine
2. Coupling rod of locomotive
3. Watt's indicator mechanism
b. Single slider crank chain
1. Pendulum pump
2. Oscillating cylinder engine
3. Quick return motion mechanism
4. Rotary I.C. engine (Gnome engine)
c. Double slider crank chain

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Crank and Slotted Lever
based return motion
mechanism

•This mechanism is mostly used in shaping machine, slotting machine and

in rotary internal combustion engine. The mechanism consists of a fixed
link AC as shown in fig
•The driving crank revolves with uniform angular speed about the fixed
center C.A sliding block attached to the crank pin at E slides along the
slotted bar AP and thus causes AP to oscillate about The fixed center A.
•A short link bar PR transmit the motion from AP to the ram which carries
the tool and reciprocates along the line of stroke R 1 R2.
•The line of stroke of the ram (R1 R2) is perpendicular to AO produced.
• In the extreme position, AP and AP2 are tangential to the circle and the
cutting tool is at the end of the stroke. The cutting stroke occurs when the
crank rotates from the position CB1to CB2 (or through an angle alpha) in
the clockwise direction .
•The return stroke occurs when the crank rotates from the position CB2 to
CB1 (or through an angle alpha ) in the clockwise direction .

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Crank and Slotted • This mechanism is mostly used in shaping machine, slotting
machine and in rotary internal combustion engine. The
Lever based return mechanism consists of a fixed link AC as shown in fig

motion
• The driving crank revolves with uniform angular speed about
the fixed center C.A sliding block attached to the crank pin at E
slides along the slotted bar AP and thus causes AP to oscillate
mechanism about The fixed center A.
• A short link bar PR transmit the motion from AP to the ram
which carries the tool and reciprocates along the line of stroke
R 1 R2.
• The line of stroke of the ram (R1 R2) is perpendicular to AO
produced.
• In the extreme position, AP and AP2 are tangential to the
circle and the cutting tool is at the end of the stroke. The
cutting stroke occurs when the crank rotates from the position
CB1to CB2 (or through an angle alpha) in the clockwise
direction .
• The return stroke occurs when the crank rotates from the
position CB2 to CB1 (or through an angle alpha ) in the
clockwise direction .

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Applications
1. Presses
• The Whitworth quick return mechanism has been modified and used for constructing high velocity
impacting press. The impacting press drive consists of a Whitworth quick return mechanism consisting
of a crank and a drive arm together with a variable speed, dc motor, a flywheel, bearings, etc.
• The end of the drive arm is attached by a connecting rod to a cycloidal cam. In single cycle operation,
the cam is made to engage with an upper platen (or mm) which impacts the work piece. The upper
platen and cam are both mounted on multi rod supports with linear ball bushings.
• A brake is provided on the flywheel for emergency purposes. The high-speed impacting presses are
subject to severe dynamic forces when operating at speeds of 200 rpm and greater. Although the
mechanism has been designed to withstand operation at higher the loads transmitted to the building
foundations because unwanted frequencies vibrations and noise

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 2. Shaper Machine
• Shaper consists of a hollow machine bed made of cast iron
which rests on the ground. Inside the hollow portion the
machine drive mechanism is housed. This mechanism is
called slotted lever quick return mechanism and it drives a
horizontal ram which reciprocates in the guide ways
provided on the top surface of the machine frame.
• Since useful work is done only during the forward stroke of
ram, the mechanism driving the ram is so designed that the
return stroke is completed in much less time than the
forward stroke. The slotted lever quick return mechanism is
shown in Figs.
• The crank AB (of adjustable length R) rotates with a uniform
angular speed. The crank pin B is in the shape of a die block
which is free to slide inside the slot in the slotted lever OBC.
This slotted lever is pivoted at O and the other end C is
connected to the ram by a short link arm as shown in Fig.
(a).
• When the crank AB rotates clockwise from position AB1 to
AB2, the ram moves forward from left to right and when it
rotates from position AB2to AB1 the ram returns back to its
original position. Clearly the time taken to complete forward
stroke is proportional to angle a (refer to Fig. (b)) and the
return stroke is completed in less time which is proportional
to angle B

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REFERENCES
• [1] A. G. Erdman and G. S. Sandor, Mechanism Design – Analysis and Synthesis, 3rd edn (Prentice Hall, Upper
Saddle River, NJ, 1997).
• J. E. Shigley and J. J. Uicker, Jr, Theory of Machines and Mechanisms, 2nd edn (McGraw-Hill, Toronto, 1995).
• H. H. Mabie and C. F. Reinholtz, Mechanics and Dynamics of Machinery, 4th edn (John Wiley & Sons,
Toronto, 1987).
• Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB), Accreditation Criteria and Procedures (Canadian Council
of Professional Engineers, 2000).
• R. P. Podhorodeski and W. L. Cleghorn, ‘Multiple-loop mechanism analysis using a microcomputer’, Proc. of
the 9th Applied Mechanism Conference (Kansas City, MO, October 1985), pp. V1–V7

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