units ANI Dimensions

d quantity A quantity that can be measured

They are classifiedinto fundamental quantities and derived quantities

fundamental quantity The physical quantity that doesn't require other

quantities for their measurement

1 Mass kilogram kg
Length meter m

3 Time second s

9Temperature Kelvin K

Electric current Ampere A

G Luminous
Intensity candela Cd

7 Amount Moh
of matter moles
supplementary
D Angle radian red

solid Angle Sr
steradian
Derived Quantity The physical quantity that depends on other quantities

for its measurement is called a derived quantity

Eg Area momentum
force etc
 I m if
UI It is a standard bycomparing with which magnitude of

quantity is obtained
physicalquantity
b
It In general É nu
Chi n magnitude T unit
100

am

The units of fundamental quantities are called fundamental unity and

that of derived quanties are called derived units

Mks Cas ÉÉ
metre foot
Length stimetre
man
Ig slug pound
g
time s s
g

prefixes to enpresstoamnTrtcatEgi
Fgneas prefines i
Mois Exa E
o
2
deci d
1015 Peta p 10 Conti c

loin Tera T 103 milli m

Giga G 156 micro M

109
169 nano n
106 Mega M
kilo k 1012 Pico k s
s p M O
 I 1 M
hecto
I I h 1015 femto f m Kgs co
10 deka da alto
lost all 0 mole

1Astronomicalunit AU 1.496 10 m
156m micron length
m Aniston unit A
9.46 X lotkm
ots m fermi fm Iparsec 3008 10
my
Tatti it i box it kg man
6011 1 o Is AU

601 10 P see

keeping any
1 Units must be written either completely or by designated

symbols
Eft meter c m N er newton pascalfor Pa

antists should start with

2 Symbols
of units named after
Capitol letter egg M J Pa
W

3 unit should be expressed in singulars 1005

CI 2kg
4 No punctuation mark should follow unit exclusively
a
y mass of a body is 2kg
5 No together D A
2 prefixes should be used 2kg mass is

order of magnitude It a quantity is expressed as

o n x if then 2 is the order of the magnitudeof thequan

if o.ch 5
 I
c 3 1 miss 6 108 0 6 1 m s
e

Dimensions 9 The power to which a basequantityis to be

of quantity raised in order to express a derived quantity
IN
force mfs ace MY M
1
g 7
i i
force M F

dimension of force are 1 in men

1 in length
2 in time

dimmed symbots

current
mass M
IYA
L moles mot
length

time T

temperature
KYO
Dimensionalformulae Representation of a derived quantity in terms

of.base quantities raisedto appropriate dimensions

r Dimensionalformula
Quantity Hint formulaunity

Area m E
3
2 volume m L
i
LT
velocity m.br
 y
4 momentum Em f Mfg MLT

5 density Mtv II
relativedensity lmaiyew I Moot

teach
I Angle solidangle rad
1

worklenergy Heat
w
Ex.sj f y ML F
M 2
F f tf f

B E METS
power
M.i.FI
Pressure l HA M MI'T

charge
a IT IT AT
E Etotential v charge
k METZ ME I
If
3 Resistance
A MILF 2

4 magneticpole m Am II or AL
strength
5 Mayfield inductioni B Hm mI MF II

D AT METTE
6 mayflies
7 Mag moment IN next ELI
g permeability hCn vo tse
f
 8 I y
mt Axim i
m in
i

f h m
z
LMD ET
co ML.FIfx
ITT t
ML F I

19 Electric permittivity f 919ft

F at FEI IT i'HE
epsilon
I't
t'E
condemery
907 capacity D ti't Ttt
EDgravitational LA miff n life
constant
Cf L
mime
MLT Te
T

Angular momentum I 4771 miff

f Tt
es frequency f
planks const E hf
4
 DI LI ED
met
mi
c

G specific heat got

at
capacity
c mi
it'd

molar specific heat 1 C cot

I meitimat
Effy Tiff
S M4 MT
4 surface tension K L'fk if
springconfforcecomt
Pax s
28J coefficient of
M ME'T I
p
viscosity m MIT 4T a i w
HAIFA
Angular displacement Tad l

reeks fl
Dangular velocity freq
317 Angular acceleration
riffs T

37Torque T f xp Mot
337moment ofinertia I _not my

Principle f homogeneity Quantitiesof same dimensions can ONLY

be added subtracted D equaled
 C
APPLICATIONS of DlME AL ANALYSII
1 To convert from
quantities one system
of units to another
If i NE n D then find n
east e
n
E
as
in ii
I i

4 It
Mery find m

IT merg
T Energy MEEK
is 51
M IT 2 cos
I cry

m
H IF
ci e
x
i
og a Z poise poise pas are units of coefficient
Sy CCGs find
of viscosity 2 2

Sol's Pa s MI'T T M Fl

iii e Ent L 5 CHLEF

10 poise
1Pa s

D to derive relationshipamong physical 9 71

Tx Itg T ke g r
LTD
CT 0907
as Lutaf'd
i
i

III I i THE
The rate of flow of fluid depends upon pressure
gradiant He
radius ofthetuber and coefficient of viscosity rt Derive a formula

for rate of flow of fluid through a

pipe Crate of flow
T
Y
k r4h.tv

METH've HT gang
I
f Init
mat EI't
Lm Fy
z
Moet
a
Fu
 0
Mg N 12 0

Ly linty 2 3
II
t
I KLEINE KITT
A gasbubbleformed dueto an explosion under water oscillates with

a time period proportional to PadbEc Where F static pressure

b and c
D density ofwaterand C energy of explosion find
a

try a b
Iz Ce
soft 1 Kpadb E
bb T y
e
If 2g
m L T ML T ya miss my
Ya c y
c

I
a 3b 12C O
Ly tfTf
ra 2C I
Ty

To check the correctness of an equation

Eng
s _Htt Izatt
Etf s Lat Lefty
D L
a

f L
met 7 MMLT TO
Hmu this egn MAY be correct

LIMITATIONS OF DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS DIA

 7 C th
It number dependencies emceed 3 then DIA becomes
of

difficult
2 If dependencies are sum or difference type then PIA
will not work

3
If proportionately corst has unity then MIA fails
4 Trigonometric logarithmic exponential functions can never be
s
f L See
analyzed using pla argkmen
mm
F
im
A Simca long Cut
E'L 7
LHS T'T
Note If the above mentioned functions in a formula are

verified mathematically then their arguments MUST be

dimensionless
Numerical
1 If units of mass length are doubled what will happento unitot

force
E MLT initially 1 find 2
soft
y t
fa 4ft
unit of force is made 4times
Time period of a bar of mass m length h end young's modelkusy
CYis measured in Pa is given
by T 2tTV7T find ED
 J g y I
LED
at LEITH
f
set Ans

3 Findthe dimensions of a b in the equation F 95 Where

F pressure n is distance and e is time

se cos it Cpt LILI LD Caza E CD

ME F'L
MF

E The number
of particles crossing unit area perpendiculartotheKasey
D 4 where n and n are
in Unitime is given by n

the numberof particles per unitvolume and his N coordinate

find CTD
N
f ELF CND fend
F P CND Lad L
Ln ED Ching Lh L
CND LTI L'T
Ab
5 Thefundamental units in 2 system of units are in theratio I 3

Find the ratio of units of CD momentum and E PIE

2 P
Fu MET
T mu MLT 19 17,475
n first system P M L T
second system p ta l
Pe MLLETIB
Me

HEEDED I I Ii x
5xC 5
Ex H
six xx f Ans ans
 If the speed of light in vaccum is taken as unity and light
takes 8 min and eos to cover thedistance between sunand earth

find the distance in terms of the new unit

soft distance speed x time
lax 500
500 units

If unit of force is a dyne and of lengthy

7 unit cm una of
timeis 1minute find the unitof mob
f MILT M f t Th

FF EI Et
H ii p
2 3600
IM 7200
Mi
M 7200
g AD

8 If velocity ofeight c accelerationduetogravity g and density d

are taken as fundamental quantities find the dimensions of man
7 L.tl

M Me dotage
II M dog
3
Am

riot ftp.LLT JLLT

ix.in
of.IE
II b
Ix se 1k D
9 potential energy of a particleis givenby
U Err F find
A and LB M m are masses r is distancebln them
as CD was cm Cms
LET Life MET LM
h

i
A MET

ID An expression is given by a Jfdb where v velocity

Facceleration due gravity ET
C9J
La
q.dz LT
LbvD 3CbT CDLxy

Y ca

limitedby therock
1 Themaximumheight of a mountain on earth is

flowing under the enormous weight above it Studies showthat

maximum heightdepends on young's modulus Pa 9 the rock
acceleration dueto gravity misy and density ofthe rock
g
find Expression for maximum height
D y g't of h KI
L L T T KT T2 ML D2 gd

i in I

I
 T en y o
z L
mL D 3 10 Keylon and h 10km
If g 10m42 7 1010N
find the formula for man height of mountain
K HEL h
03yd As
104ms K

Additional Into xdgex

E E N fa.at
m ad be
Nl

in
ay aybcibi.lta.li 4
method
di 0a
DH.ai.ntbiyt.ci e

aixtbzqy czz 1
az.at D
big 142 y 2

i tat i
a

i
N y E z

a 34 I i
g fail 1a
is
are b
11 4

VECTORS
 Trigonometry since 0 17 3 csCO mo Ho
4 HE 04A as a A H seco Yaso HA
D s tF Tomie 01A Coto Yuma Ho
ol A o't ii
O Oo so 450 Go 90 220 32 55 65
since O 12 Yr 532 I 155 315 45 Yrs
ago I Yok Ye 0 Hrs 45 45 yrs
tano o Yr i 53 42 314 413 2
Seco 1 HB r e a Blt 54 513 is
esco a 2 I 215 TS 53 514 Rsl
I L
Coto A B l 153 O 43 34 42
B e since so for O 55Th
183 s 53
s
Hm2n Ye en e 37 s Geinrely
L
y
1 sin790
At n odd_
go 0
W6 riven
sin Cnx 9010 Isino torso
Tan cos CnX9o 1 0 Isin o
cosy Iago
o tan lmao IO Itano Coto
cot 7 90 0 coto Hmo
SidneyTeacups seccnxaot o tesco
AU csccnxgo.IO
tse.co
osco Seco
4 snfotc.o.io y sinus Sis 2 90 t4 5545
It tanto Sec o I
1 1 otto c o Yg
If A B
SimCAtB sinAasB 1 CostsinB
5m2A ima ask
SinCA B sin AGB AjmB
asCA113 CostasB SinAshiB
as CA B ASAAD 15mA5m13 Coset Cost Sita
tomLatif tmAtmB_ 2As2A I
l tanapmD I ritay
tamla B tants
tomA tamed 2tmA_
it tanAlemB I 1hr27
6 since 15mi resin He ask
Sino simp ears CIE smccD
asD asc2 asCcDz
eas.CC
asc asb since sniff esinLDI sin D
a
since Sonic o

ROUNDING off NUMBERI

 G I Nce
is no changein the
1
If the digit dropped is less than S there
value of preceding digit
a 456T 4560 1445543 456000
b 45 61 45.60
droppedis than 5 the value of preceding
c It the digit more

should be raised by1

digit 4570
9 45,6T
b 4562 4570000
c 4.56T 4 57
5
3 It the digit dropped is
followed non zero digits then
a If the dropped digittis by
456 523 457000
preceding digit is raised by 1
45 6523 45.7000
b If thedroppeddigit is not followed by
then
any digits is even then it remains
unchanged
i If proceding digit
preceding digit is odd then it is raised by one
a Df
4565 4560 4575 4580

Sine Ruled A Area

A
e b Area I absinc lzbbcsi.A zcasn.is
C e
B a
r b
CT y I 5M since
abc
shaft c
I s f
o e
is
cosine RulesA from 0 ABD
i c7isp4At5
sincJ bias bos4ht
.c.bC9noises
i T
at tis
cc a Tbt 2abase
 i
D
l
B i a bas base C

a but c cbcasA
alto Za casts
be
a'tbh caboose

Then he takes 600 turn

A person walks for 44cm due East
and walks for 31cm and stops findhis
to his left
displacement
j o.BR
3km
44z2.2X4X3xcsk0
P I
ri Goo 16191 24 X i
to 1 tf
4km A
F 37T
r
ector It is a directed line A B
segment
Head
Z
A magnitude B A
Head 7
origin or
terminal origin Y
tail
v
A physical quantity which has magnitude and direction andfollows
certain laws of addition is a vector
Representation of vector Polargform
Y AACBT oF BI
polar Cartesian F ii r
t R magnitude
In LD go I y
x as angllmadebynecto
Colo ON
with treseaseis
component form coordinateform Cartesian form
 1 1 1 a

Yz
N toRaso aso
TA Rosa prince

since y Hino
NLT
Hconvension
f
down
I
w
H n
E

Z
Cups
study

A car travels at Eph along southwest direction Enprey

it's velocity vector in Polar and Cartesian forms
N fa J t 30kmph.IO ph 350
30km
ft
J 30Cos225 30 sinks
15h b
180 309490 145 girls
so
W H
so C sits
15h
a
1.35 E fo f as457
yo f 1552 15k
kmph
1
D KY
S
A person undergoes a displacement of flora Lord rn
of
the displacement vector in
N
polar form Emp ess
ft R V 10x _com
Sot a
chop Zorn r
w E
us i Lom
poi
450
R
i
lorn
direction
od
loft lord
com along SE
g
Note WofN N CofN N
Iso
w 30pA
NAW Nof E E
W r
g
E Smb4500
off s
sofW
Nots S Eofg Iii
a A boy is running with 5 m s velocity at 300 Nofw
his Emp ess
velocity in polar and Cartesian notations
N it 5in
g
g
I
w so c n C
C see EJ

A vector with turntmagnitude It doesn'thave unity

or dimensions It gives us pure sense of direction

com disp towards east 5 Iom E

5N force i il I SNI
Lomb velocity l l J 2071
F lAl
In general I fA.la sa
lol
nil
It

parallel vectors vectors that are aligned to same direction are

called parallel vectors
In the abov example f 1 5 15
 vectors that have same direction andof
vectors magnitude
sametype are called equal vectors
F lome T tome F F E
T 10MI E FA T

of a vector
p is another vectorwith
negative vector negative
same magnitude bat opposite direction
P D P E
4
q
vector thathave common initial point are called
ya rectory
co initial vectors
If IIT Gap

coplanar vector vectors that belong to same plane are called

coplanar vectors
vectors that act
tram 10 fined
Errors to g
point are called polar vectors

Dad vector vectors that indicate rotational

Iseudoor
quantities are called pseudo vectors They follow right hand
screw rate
OF
go

Eet
Effect of a vector
ftainethirection is called component É
of the vector in that direction
Ig
7 A Diffusa
 I
Cartesian component or rectangular component is the length
of projection d a vector c Kaso
a direction comp magxaslangle
i TL i i

C
Z
RESOLUTION of VECTOR
r r ropa
F set lyJtzT position vector on
p Y
are Cartesian components A fr
n y z
y D
g r
X
OD's N4yL
0102 0134 2

oh setty zu
r 22

r makes 2,13ir angles withthe axes respectively

then n rash ask Mr l
y ro l his Hr x p h MLD
m
f cif
2 rash an Yr n polar

l m and n are called directional cosines

z

L Cost A rash
E j Vector
Coote Ny je
e
Z ra f
M
T
r
I
ocp m Gp f Y _rasp
arm
LE Ycooee Gr Iris't
N n th
D
n
I Tm
a y A cop softy
X HIT z at
vector F ni yJ I Eric.litmJtnF
 d
Note we know that yL atty 4 22 dividing with it onboth

sides 7 HED't E l
l't m't n't Costaspotash i

i sina.tlisiiptf s.hr x
sink 1 shirts
ith L
p p
a Avector is represented by you 607600,457 Empress the vector in
Cartesian components FET X B

SI's N ras2 10960 5

g get152 155 12
y rasp tocsbo 5 5,5 502
2 rash lots 45 552

To 2ft 3J14T find magnitudeof the vector and dock of the

vector Express it in polar form
lpt V.TTt4 Frau F 012113 r
t
t.am
aI.aicEaI.aieea n
3 It
csh
Addition of vectors
4r 4152g

Triangle low of vectoraddition

2 y poof
Ifr vectors are taken as adjacent sides of a
1A pp1.9
Ai P
a
triangle in order the closingsideof triangle
taken in reverse order represents the resultant vector both in magnitude

and in directions Cor

If 3 Vectors are taken as thesides of triangle in order then their resultant
is zero r o
w o
D
pl D
5
 law of vector addition
Polygon
vectors are taken as thesides of a polygon it
µ c
Ifa number
of o
A D
an order then the closing side of polygon taken in F B
reverse order represents their resultant both in magnitude andindirection

number of vectors are taken as the sides d a

polygon in order then
Ifa
their resultant is zero

Paralldrogramelaw ot v addition

If two vectors drawn from a common point are taken as sides

of a
parallelogram then diagonal drawn to the parallelogram fromthe common
direction
point represents their resultantboth in magnitudeand in

s toastiesnot
pi PIatas otapotsatotsino
tend BI L CR D RL phtatyaporaso
OD
12
P.IO teP
tank Qs
0Ein Pi
R
dQsa
PQ All theseequations are only the
MAGNITUDES
If 0 0
a
p HE Pta R maximum magnitude
Itp
If 6 90 at To 112kJPY07 Hmt Afp
p P A9
180
R 1120,1 2 0 If
IfO 7 2 180 If O
Pps cos A I
p r Amin
GO LWE
ItlHk1_ Rippon jzpyepgy I 196 aged
VLPI.es
1 Jap eu CL2
 R repose
4 0 p
PR r 0 413 4
If P 01 f
a
PLO L P
If
p o L p
If
Ltp _K a
D
Heiserman VI
Pg 2g from 1 to 12

y D find the resultant force

anestions d B using
B
H R triangle law and
d
A
P c b
p amta
A
ekN.io 45 yµ6 34N f 7 26451 2445 K
luging triage eat F tri saw
D
from cosine rate 8 38m60 30607 KN
i 45 LT
A js k Ri R e 15
6
1 2 34
f3I kN
e
er 41 9 KL'Er st3oTfE
F Fto
j C t l
105 3 fr r
13 35.453 D
p jis 3 ro r kN
from parallelogram law
12 4 9 12 2 3 6 60 45 Vis 356 352 kN
11 1 1.11
A k
tFhf
11111
B l a method I
find Tensions in ADand B C
I 4.0cm comp magxosangle
and
Ab
zoom
d fish
i x
p f
D'T's P
As the wetforce 0
w n

tpg Tap GL TBcGp

IN TAPI TDc zTpb 4TDc fi
5
Innorticd direction
TAPShih1 Tbcsimp 2
 4 TAD T 3 Tpc 10

4TABI 3
TAB to
it
25Th 13 40

Tap I6N LAD

to 8g
0
Tba X1 4 N
i e
CA

2
TAB 1 6N
43
The L
Sir13
Tpc 2 0 6 1.2N

Note Lami's theoremGine Rule

T and f
f a e
coplanar and the
fi rip fi nd force at o is zero then
f fifty
T
ref
L from sine rule
fy
is I s
I Ia
f s

i'Effi E Ep Er
an A bob of moss m is suspended as Sho
4M a horizontal force f pullsthe bob to a
F 2C p f
m o.o
Pf side find the angle madeby stoning with
my
 y g
vertical undert
equilibrium conditions
L T
from lamils theorem siffaota Ego
T MI fMgland
six and
L _thi Eg
F
1 Sind TE f4Lmg
and mad T V f't Lmg fry
og 5N y
on find the resultant force
530 I 10N at origin
I f
X mo
e
je p
D
x f Ito
R
a SN Sra
y1
Method1 lot 3T 14T
S
i
of o
OL 53 55m53 f3 4 N
Esassi
r 55m37 E f4 7N 4T 3T
f F 10 12 lo 01 4 3 or in
T
1ft Vit Fov For
lenityEr It 57N
Note
1 vector addition closure property
follows
If F and E are vectors then Fta is also avector
a vector addition is commutative
i e Fto Etf
vector addition associative i e Ft Ftc
is
to
a Nuu vector serves as additive identity Ito 0tF A
vectors have their additive Intense A b D O
 I 1A
then IT is additive
Grasp inverseoff
digipack work Books from pay G to 9 submit
0
by Saturday
i
28 05

d The sum of magnitudes of vectors is 18 u The magnitudeof

their resultant is nu Theresultant is perpendicularto me
smaller vector find magnitudesof the vectors

R O P t Q 18
IL
Hao p
at 144 1102 02 p 144
P Q P 8
Ohio D atp 18
tend a
PtOeste a 13 U
f dosa p 4
R2 PIO's epacs U
pet Lp E p Fo at
Fit
144
0 134 z
a F i g 4
18 P
o ip se
Toysin30o
sIF EI
B
barge 0 p Tacos45
Ta 30 1 find Tensions
Resultant pale 5kW
If
f
in AB and Ac
snipe
TAB Eg 1 TAC the 5 TAD53 TTAc Fe lo
TAB z Tac tr TAB Fh Tac
40
TAB is to to TAB Xf 47
 n Fs 11 53 I 4
TAB 3 KN
Tac 3.65 70707 a f
5
765 0.7
438
2591.5 In
2.59 kN
a In the above question find the angle suchthat
thetension in Ac is minimum
i3 t.tn
is D
q
A R s
th
Tpc 2.5kW
As the Ori letion of AB Ap and Tais 251
magnitudeof resultant remain Dame 4.5 1 73
Dc becomes minimum only when il t il 5
Ir to Ab soto
7
it
soon 4 4 se kN
96cm c 47
4 b D soothe
If Tao 365N
noon iI mo 10f Pious
305
te Low find thenetforce
146 5
at c causedby
A
and o c
Ac Pc

480 1160 240 Fx

400N fx

1 275 1120 140 255N fy

Net force f yoon t 255N I
 and
G Two forces acting d a
point have
magnitudes 4N
7N respectively If the resultant force at the pointistobe zero
What can be the magnitude of a third force d thepoint

Sofi
f 7 4 RE fi 14
NE R E HN

SUBTRACTION of VECTORS

Ai T F.tt 7 i c Di 714 1 154

A tE i i
a
fBy
A 18
p
R
D
VA't c LAecscigoe.az
i F i
ascetics
i
VA.ly a
aso
A's Go
HALT D
a sicko 0
temp you
A toes o_O 0 D
I
tempt Aino
Hmp ETFs A BADA

Note 13 A 12 74134271390
I t5 A B
sp
L
15 B Hn Bhi
5 7 5 o
K ATDGO
8D
A A D JAYBILADGO
temp Baio
A 1390

vectors upto Creators without doto c on products

A
LHS AI th I
got p A.D A.LT If 7
i
o e
on on s
f Q1 r
le
 f I
T JA ED STA
A of sort OF AT
F TAI 6 CTA
FEB OI TA c AT RHS WAT
i
f I
E 6
F Ayy
A and I have equal magnitudes find magnitude of their
difference A angle between A and F and IAI 1131
D A 115 LAB as 0 but A D
Sid
2At ft Cso CD2A i sita

EA Sindh ESTA I as a
A Olu
D ezA.TT stole l est

g t.LI then find the

angle between F and E
I I 115 5 E 5 d 2 13
7 15
14 1131 B
p
i D
714
P
the angle E 22 2 tan f e ie
D Ly
D
J
If 1 ALIBI them C5 F tail 9
note
3 At 151 and LF O thend find LEIF
I I 115 I A F EE B is
7
14 1 151 151 yo 101
DF
D
I A
E IE to Tle y Tofte
g
D
4 Resultant of F and F is PT When 5 is reversedthen the gal
tant became tin find Ri't RI
Ki AH b't n Baso MY RE LAY by
RIE Atb e ga
5 The resultant of 2
tutors is also a unit rector find the
angle b In them
171 101 1 121 2
494 ask Yu E 60 0 1200
b In the above question
find 1151 7
p Isin boy 2 532 Ans
52 or p
7 Resultant of forces 3N and en isfirst force.ly
R The

now doubled in magnitude than the resultant became ur find

the angle between the creators

P.to t odr yL P7oi zpo

a
w
z
io
ppl s1044o44Paso 4 1044914PaGo
f p i

NIL lap t 4 to so Htkcso

x
4 4 136 24Gd 4012496
I
40 2490 52 480,6 cease e iz 1 k
I
65 t0 T G te 24
3 12

of A 2h 3T 14K D T 14J 7 I find I such that

I 1251 65 0
Given A 25 62 0 c Itis I
b
U t it
52 101
Ito insallto
other Ig fry
All correct 14
13 cases
only 3 correct
Eta EE i

S I Math off
correct 6 14
II 12,11 O 24
 I M I l
521 Numericalvalue g 31 000 24
52 comprehension 2 4 th I I 2
4

The resultant of Fard Ia has a magnitude f If Ie

is doubled thenresultant is af If ft is reversed in direction
then also tresultanttis af find
µ off
20 30 Hak fiffasy
f fftfE
effe.as.ae

4ft f t 4ft 4fif.GG fL fyC

off f 1ft fifrage
A f fitful fi f
A 4th f fitfI 312 4 5 1 fa f 000

fi fait f Feaf f re Ars

Dot Product Scalar Product vectors

for of
work f XS in the direction of force
w
Fxsago IFI aso FE
s
p f WasO frT
phi
Electric14in de Es.co O E rs5

Dot productis defined as the product of magnitudes of vectorsand

betweenthem B
cosineofangle
F 53 1ALIBI o A
Properties of dot product

It is a scalar
7 It is commutative Tarts FRI
obeys distributive property with vector addition
3 It
J Ys I I p h
Fo EITI F B TIE
4 If 0 00 F B ABBO AB
a f i II I I I b
a I A'T
5 If 0 90 cos90 0 E 5 0
i I Ai a i o
ni

6 Let A ski 1 Lift zit B Hat 14 5 2 I

FD Kitty 121T netty Itzik o

o
ninety
I
ta 7tn toenail 1221818
Fix.IT z c.I7tZiYnLk tzi2z EYE
I
I I Kidz Life 12122
e F I Alblaso Cosa
jn I T37Iyi
245 14
9 A force f 213 4 N displaces a particle through 5616,77Mfind
work done
by force
ex S T SX G T 4 7
soft w I 5 213,47 f
9617 1011812.8 56

of A force I 427N displaces a body from It 2137M thrift g m

find the work doneby the force
7 1,8 2,9 37 6 6,6 m
Sof displacement 5 Tn F
f 1 U T 5 6
force 4,0 24 0 1st

87 A 3T 75 61 b Si 35 412
find pcomponentoffalong
component of A I 15
A
E Let LATI O at 70 Iiiat p direction
 a
A
Dpj dire
then a
IAI.ag. t tail t.is
EiFp
A Fifi
31 7 G 5 3 4 15 21 24
91
Vesattt Test
t
27 A an't at a A an 91 49 136
Is MIE
94 L 88 91.12
At jail 9 Ary 8
5

Egg PRODUCT of V.EC RPR0DUCT

IAI11315mAAT
cross product of erectors isdefined as another
A
vector whose magnitude is equaltothe product
g By
of magnitudes of the rectory and sine of angle fpxf.fi
between them and directed perpendicular tothe plane containing the rectory

and follows right hand rule

Bo A
I ABSiro R
Dsv A

segondrect
palm
right palm
ontof
1
first
Fanny h d rate
A vector

for direction i
n
Bt fingers
other Tf
a
Axis
At1134
outofpalm
2 right hand thumb rule
D stretch fingers of right hand along first rector
e Pressthemtowards second vectorthumbgivesdirectionof A XI
3 Cook screw sale Turn screw from first vector to second vector

it's direction of advancement is along A XI

 g 1
Properties of coop product
1 It's a vector
It doesn't follow commutative law A x5 BIT
3 It follows distributive propertywith vectoraddition
THE Exist A XI
4
It 0 00 Simon o AxD O j
a TXT 0 b next _TXT _TXT O Y
E
5 If 0 90 A xD AB F fg n
f i
TXT I 5 2 12 II
i
Jfk I Text
ixia T
exist F
F G yz B 741,227
p
Exit qualify tiniyyixTitarelixi
k
1
Tc
Ynez TXT 141212 7 1 212212 12 T
a
T
21M TXT 1 Ziya 2122
KYIm.LI
If Yazd Ilwu
za Nazi TT tmyr Ary
III's El4 51774 12 1
i J I

it I
NL YL Zz
r

Nott The angle between a vector is the smaller anglewhe

their tails are joined LT d CA B D
C do D A
Tt and I
 A p

of J ET 13ft m find 171 9

the VIt5t Fa m

9 find unit vector dong Ji

a
Ta
a If 0.2ft or
Sgt ZI is a unitvectorthen z
a 2 org 122 I 2 1 0257
004 ME
Z 0.7T

D I 1327 Fk E 4T 152ft find Exa

and Ext

iIf 1 4541
4120 37 546
4141 415
2 TI 12 10
17T
14J 1217 try

Applications
y t
I Prodt
Area of parallelogram
9 M
D a
4h asino A pesina
70 IAI TPxEl
EXE p
 1
Area is considered as a vectordirected alongoutward normal
4
c 7h Area of the
b triangle tacoma
10 I Efaxel
a A bsi2
Iztaxby

If a
Tb are
any sides of a triangle then area

of the t tax 51
triangle f8

fsia rotates the door

5 Torque moment
of r
force
f
turning effectof
the force f XV fad doesn't rotate thedoor

J of Sino FIXED
I

4 momentum
Angularroad Moment of momentum
road lineofaction
L ot
II
D m

qoo.ph p n

jj't
eeverarm
Zershio
momentof momentum momentumxtdistance of Lo.A from
anis Clever arm
MUZ
III mvrsino
Tx mV
e
IF
5 graderPdf from Doop
 a y v
l
RR
Cup Sind
septs Rly
T R rsino
stew
f T y
tangential velocity
X J RU
yw sink
F 8 7
Tangential velocity of a body in circular motion 7 5 5

a I I I I find 1 BIT
3I 2 A xCbX4
B 2T1J
c 4T J 171T 3 AID
4 5 XC

1 4T 127 21 14,4 2
i i i
i f I
oitostoe
Exit
I Is Coif

DATE Hit
x I Ei Iss Dg si ist hi
i
Hbxe fax 5 XI
8 A 1,43 B 61514 E 1
1,0
a find A E b I I 15 5 d Fx EXT e I E I LA TDc
a F I I 2 I
b ARB 6 1101 12 28
BE 4,4 D
I's I if
T I I
DAKIXE I 34,23 4

f 4

III
I 75 CHIEF C
E
Eg 4.9.47 is 4 to
f 3.4 23 47
Note IXCBxE7 IIE FEI e
vector triple product

If 7,5 and I in the above problem are taken as sidesof a

parallelepiped then find it volume

f xD volume basetreexheight
Jn E CAT5 O
ai a n
4 o Area of the base XI
TI now Ax p p then height of the Ptsd
ADCADCADIA h Ccs
of Volf Atp 14hrs4
volume 5711499 lc.tn 7 II
In general CFxis I I Epic Ext p CABO
5 5 I GABI scalar triple product
volume V
142,7 14,4 1,31 14 8 331
1 units
21 units
I 4,43 I 45 4 E Li 10
Not
in
i
ABC

t.ifsff.it
 I Z
ftp g qscAI Lc
ATTetBCApc ABC
i.A.LBxE ABC
IN'tKyu Zn
mas
AD
s
H Ei
I 7
a incident in
bn.it
ray is along c
c
reflected ray is along it 0 it in
aTr
outwardnormal is along in
F I
but a CAN

I
a

E
Te p
it
Unit vector alongincident
ray I AT
n
reflectedray F Tots

TD Tec AT 2osof III

I I act I

F I 13J 14T find it's projection on Xy v2 and XZ

2
planes
21 13J
i s
By
ing 1py1 V4t9 JI
i Yz
ae a
gg

X Pyz 3J 14K
Pxz 21 41 112,21 5
I Pxzl V4 T
 I
To

Differentiation
o cool
dry
da a oooo
Ida
Ot
pole I I 1
c
A B
H n In futon
q
Mr store
10M
velocity did
time
1km1min I joys
velocity VII L AI
Ot Ot
d
II off
y
sittnt'T
fi dfTdka
tano slopeH lfM
yl fH7 dr
ON 00 Curve
on
ni seton n

change in y ya y Oy f Caton fla of

change in n on is approaching ero

dy L't Gy L f Latta ft df
 DL dZ I d
du on on of 00 0th The
first principle of
ddnfi ffy
o.jo nn
differentiation

HM
and EE
P
Et af y
a Y first
given Ln 13 using Principle find dy
tcnl ihf.la ton tH 6
djg ojt.okntom
on on

ddt
oYI.to n
As
n

2 yens set
of y set find dung yeaton _Latont

ddnt
fn.tn IEE o4 ol2nto7o

If y
Int njn ddn
o

sun
4 0

find
77 21
Tbh Shin

ylnton Simonton
first principle
day using
_s
d
Into
291 17 sifE
or

ddtn oE.to ask

t sm0
o
Te Conley

E 7
a As
as a
 c X
c

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as mc D
MD
SCHON esse Lase L.si
did on
Http _GAG B sin ASMB

of CHEDfango
sin LOYD
sin
i
Shin

E
i
E MEET
an

E EYE I I
data Magee
a
If y an Ca Const 0 find ddt
a i an
ok EE EE
anioga
II
E et
Io off g hat 2.71

D dats y i danIdfa ddIn L y ya

 da dn dn dnr
4 T.de

I n
i Hn7 f'cry DI
nant
du
adf.mg
4 Sinn corn guy _2

7 Csn Sina
y cent
sech
Hmm try z.hn flnil
can
esin.y hHmlgkn
g
seen secrtemn
dddn
znj.nl
Posen cnn.aa
nddtae.gg
7 en
loosen
e
Yu HmJ7thY LfcnDH g'In htHm
Zanca g anhyal
Coseck
Sinica TE c
7 as anlogelal
Vta stain x Hmo
5 territory
Fpi dIo seio area
a see'm
u nLo aGaiM
b salty
not Ans
tresutts
RD UID U'Iv
RI CUD UH U'v
R vul
HD
v

Ry data 2
chain rule
zddge
dd

find ddIn

D ye Lent 3
At
8h3
Y 13 4m73 T 32N 9 T 27
y Salt 36kt 54N 127
ddntidd8nD ddn36NY dd.nl544 1 InL y l I i
2 M t 54 1 t O
8 3d 1 36 AI 2 2 3
dI d d
4 2
24k472m 154 dn n
6 4k412m 19 3Len1372 2 DIE
6 ex 13 6 29 1332
E

Dy tu a
in

yk z.si 2 312

a l
5
logE ZT
9
y
3n
ftp.e.tsjce tot
qn

41743 19 1 5k log
IV Lent374 92 3
 X
r
note i
vLw.cn
D jdIdn 4 LvcwcmsD.vIw.cnD.wkn3

practically chain rule is implemented as above

as
c E s.nu

gy jsincrnT CsinrnjI
a

t l T
y Gurdyas.fr Itn
vu'j
rnzI.rs x eiesngso e
sm99cn7

995inch
x4en ogy
n
y
t

d Shin 4
y
n'ten
4enjgysinn.as
y ng situ Lenten
l
att en

of y went n
lain Fun t.tai.nu Ans
ye a
n v uv u V

g se
y
da sika
E Lieut 7 In sincere I II c
 y e Lin
eM 17 sitcom
YE
of y god 13kt arty find y y y
Y 4 3 NL 3r2 nt2r O y 12h46m 12
y't 12 2n 16 I 10 y 24N 16
y l 24

t
of A curve is represented
by y A.ee sfFEEot7
Aiw uo7 are constant
find j and j
se is ALLEE a since the L
Ig
j AE't EE as t a snoot

E
is a
DERE es Ent Isin Eat
uFuaJ
AEH LEE.xf sna.it
aJ zasfEuo4
Of y 3244kt g find slopeofthis curve at a In
stope 3.2kt 4 to bn 14
dq
d 6 1 4
n
drat i mis
a Radius of a sphere is growing al ate lamb
Initially radius find the rate of grouthinitb
 n
y f g
volume and surface area at F home is
03
1 volume
did IfE
v
Eg

F IT
31M
Given lamb
d 47 100 cm
DI 457 1 o
dt 4001T Cmys

A Ktrk d 41T Lr SIR

dA
df
81 10 1 Cmt 801T CMT

a Position of a particle is givenby A at bat where

u and u
are constants Given v dn_ a dydt find
dtl
yep acceleration

velocity and accelerations of the particle

Given a att tat a je
for velocity v.edu d U I
dqlUt lzefiy
u
azf.LK
V utat
For acceleration a dude
datutat
acceleration a i

2
position ofa particle is given a _St 31 14
and y 9ft 6th 3 find velocity rector and accelerati
vectors Also find dyldnff
 adult
F Kitson
t t
velocity vector
df dyq.gr
J dµ LSt 3ft 4 It at 1Gt DJ d dt
sxst 3xetne f9xst bx.at f du
2
J E1 6 I 1 271 2
12175 dsldt
y Mdf
acceleration vector a dydt
a 130k 6 It 541 1195 T
D da ist ft
EEIIEt
a

7 ie Jddnt
didnt
e L
4 Ans

MAXIMA AIDMINIMAN Y y
1 32 14 344
4
for n 4
any T l
find gmail 1 o
8 4 x
AS the graph runs from to to Iman N
Lmin Doo
e 2 3 14 between 4 E 4 Find Imai
and Ymin
Iman 3147 14 16 ymin 31 4 14 8g
3 f Sinn find yman and Ymin
Y
Iman ti TT n
min I Ye
 l
I cf
Min

TY win FIENE'Its find 2mm Ymin

Ymin Simi L Imani sin Ig Ary
Iman I Lmin
5 y
y Sinn Iman Ymin
l i
f tan Ici any
The
N N

6 ye asinutbasn find Yonan and Jmi

y
iaFLaausinn bafbi.am b
a
Itb
o

tab sinnaso asns.no

y Itb
rafts sincota yman
2
Ymir Maybe
a b AM G b GM aib Tab
Not Atb
AM GM atb crab

y alemotbato find Ymin

at.anotboto a

y 7 crab Thin Was

g y set'z find Lmin

W
at's a
age 2mi L

of y 85 find Iman and Yymin

Ymin O
 y
Yman D

O X
a
f K button 8 find Ymin and Yman
3
2
ten 19 slope_o when set 4N 13 0
did
Yue D NEN 3N 13 0
y Y n n D 3 a 17 0

7
4332
CO bedmanimhm toff 1 6 1.9 8
IN y ko i X ILD 4Cloadmani
g mum
5 4 1478
2131 47
slope
ft n I
8 localminimum
toed
At n 1
man
of y 4
o
y Afn 3 toed minima
to Ymir 8
Ymir D bed minimum Absolume man A
Ym
Absolute d
min ymen
CD At turning points slope _o data _o
Note's
Around maxima d pe 0 dd Lo

Around minima hope 70 data o

µ
a Find local minimum and maximum values of y N 3h46
 nd mm dues of y 16
y 3 Gr
For turning y 0 THE 6n 0
points
3h n 2 o 2 0 and L

y 1 62 G

y o
G
y Yoko 2 0 Corresponds to maximum
6
Iman
y GG b L Y 70 n corresponds to
minimum Ymin 8 121 6
I
2
of The sum of 2 numbers is to Find maximum product of thenumb

my futy way to Fry Fry

EE t e Ans
Nty lo

Toy
a 4 5 Ans U
f
n o
y
Nand lo n
20
atb Let P NUO N Ion net
Tab
axis
Addy 0 A
en
ddpy lo

io
Sum of positive numbers is 20 find minimum value of sum

squares of the numbers

d the numbers be N and Zo n
s
go a Hz s 4 O

S 420 27C 1 on 7 10 corresponds to

minimum
40
tent yo smin soo Ars
 n Ans
n

of f If seize thin set has maximum value d ne

f Cn I I fkn en f't Cn I Lo
22 0 2 0 Corresponds to man
f a
I
man

c
og ye Ea Sinn t amin at n E E F
are y Sinn lamin fi fi
yet
Y o asn
the y 4 You on

n 1174 Ay

a ftd n
4717 57 has minima at n
fkn fr 43 2 5 an
9 f Cn
Z
o

fl N an 9 0
2 4.5
Find the condition that ftp.an3 bn tcntd has no
NER
extreme value
f Cn 3anft 2 but c 050
145 sac Co
b 3 ac o

b L za L

a ftp3 N5 5N4 sse 1 find the number of minimes andnumber

of Marines
 of
fkn 5h4 20N 115M f Cny Lose 60k430m
SHIN 4n 3 o f o O X
SHIN N 3N 13 0 f't l 10 maximum
D 0 f 4D S4o saot9ocmin7
ns.II YDzlN

INTEGRATION
dolphin Csn Jfs dn Sinn

d shift Cosa Jasndn sinn c

dm arbitrary
boundary conditions
STANDARD INTEGRALS
ne D he'tMt4 dn fWdntJ3ndn
7 senda 2 n 1 7 c 114dm

Kj13k
I C
14kt
tried'e
Ji dn c

DJ'zndn Yt cCn y
I'fendr Into
D en t e
Yada
a
Janda t E
AAL
3
ftp.dn
hrnt gjeadn
entc
5 lvilJ sinntbcsDdn fasmrdntJgag.d
Sandu q
ln
c
I aasktbs.mx c
G fsinndn assetc Lvii Indu tannic
 Join
7 asada sinate
Ciii ftp.mdn fandin
g seinda tannic
a
jested attic I

D secutanndn secret c
fsiindn ff asznj.tn
T

Josenootndn asante I Idk lzjaszno.tn

S.li
Azn in 42K Lj
2n sn n
In 4 tiintcy
Results
MD sink't 13 dn I
Kutv dn Juan Juan
Esn Sir
7 If t.HNd.n oEaijt.cthenI 1zJsinL.ntIdGntJ
jf.catpdn qIgc.an.tHt.c izasLent3 t
C
asan.to
Isncrnto7tc ndn hlatonite
I ttYnYdn hinny e JI
y
v n
I
igvdnJdnKDJngsinf.ndn
3DJKDdnufvdn
Integration by parts
J I
xfs
mnda ff.fs.mnd In
hasnt gasndn
priority for u
Nam Shin 1C
I Inverse trigonometric fin Any
logarithmic function
1YILIIdE
f
Algebraic unction
1
trigonometric function
C Exponential functions
I hunt.se ftp.ihdn
2hr1m K 1 C

mhm hmm Nchlnl 1

Lxiii f
 I n_ndn Inland to
I butasset c
insect C
KID g FEndn
fulsin Htc
SOIT MORI INTEGRALS hyperbolic

jad attained c Kinnie e

E
jaff Lahg.FI
n
e
e
cashn Ete
7 adf.at Iah Initiate at n asevedo

sit E JIIFI.fi
t
ggad.IE to tote

smh
Matty
D adf.mn E.j.to
D ash E te
D Et
nfdn IF n
a.si Kate
7
fvi
8
Jian du
nziafn a smhinz.ie

a JE dn TETE at ash na c

basbD t c
D emsnibndn q.La5mbn
o.EE

n
D emasbndie.ae bsmbn7
z.Laasbn c

DEFINITE INTEGRAL
If Ifta dN gcn c then

for dn g b gca

EL e

Cents dm lent37dm C'z y 12 412.7 7,4

L L
1
49 253
Jen.dk J3dze 4 24
I Ang

it semi
I i taste D
4 D 13

Inns
INTEGRATION BY SUBSTITUTION

I
JEFE
a E

Let nita 2
dCn7tdCa4 dCz4
f.x dntoi fe.dz
ordn Zdz
 1 MEC
I
I dz Z t a

t
Arg
Eti
of I
I Ff jk ZI Iz
se a 22 du se zdz
I
12 da
Iz t c
jaffa
Ans

a Acceleration of a particle is ex l const If the particle starts

with Umb from n and v a deaf find velocity and position

III Tier on a
Ion Ian
Cv
I
D
ah
Aff o

V utat c
we know that dat false dt
n t
ut
o.jdn J.eu a dt
azt.Q
x

a a v
did a dn dv an
EI
f uh can C

Analysis

I f i
i
t I
ii Ese
i 2 3 4
ERROI Uncertainty inthe measurement is called error
They can be classified into stypes
1 systematic
emory The errors that can be predicted
Mostly they occur in a single direction

EXAMPLE T
s duet imperfectinstruments
Errors dueto imperfect experimental techniques
4
3 poisoned errors Errors causedby negligence of
parellen error enperim ntor
2
cigars Mistakes by Caperimentor
5 Radom Errors The errors that are unpredictable
measurements
Ai OA Yai a I
a oai iai
Ag Ga 49 aihgabso.Y.rs
a
01

94
As
i ai altar tan
oan tam.ee
an n
90 9mean mean value
i Fai
i
absolutevalue or

n
e mean absolute error for error
 Da 1 loan
10am 11094T
h

D a Ao I Oa

4 fractional error CoD relative error

5 sa x 100
percentage error 4

of The diameters of a wire measured using screwgauge are

2 620cm 2625cm 2.630cm 2 628cm and 2 626 cm calculate

1 mean valueof diameter every measurementshouldbe
error in the measurement roundedoff to 3digits otter

fractional error decimal

a
percentage error
A I 6 O 09 2.626 2626 o 006
626 o o 01
Az 262.5 0oz 2625 2

2 626 10004.1
Az 2 63,0 093 2.630
I b8 2.628 E 626 It 002
ay say
T E G2b gas 2.626 2626 0

mean value ao 13 625 8 2 626cm

gl
e error mean absolute error Hail 110911109311 1504 40as
5
0 co o 0026
Oa s 0.003 CM
3
fractional
Of
error o 001 4 0.001
2.626

5 Percentage error see 0 400 0 ly

The reported valueof diameter D 2626cm to 003cm
2 626cm I or I
PROPAGATION OF ERRORS

Let a and b be 2 measurements with errors Oaandob

A Go too b bo ID

Addition
d Atb co Aotbo
Co C A Ioa 1 botob subtracting co from bothsides

Ioc to a Iob 3 c
man I at

2 d his Ted f En
subtraction e
C a b Co Ao bo
Coto Ao I og b Iob subtract Cofrom both Sides

IDC I a
Iob Gama Ifoatob
3
Multiplication
c ab fake logarithm on both sides
h.net hb
t.n.c hftb
differentiate on bls
tE E man
tfIt
4
Division
C Ab
lake log on bls
hrc blahs bra tub
diff on both sides
IF mEnI tED
5 If'C
hrc he can h ha
EE noaa man Inoat
OD I4 Sb I and Sc 3
ye Otb given sa
Find Sy Sy Lsat Sb 138C
hey 2hr9 1 tub 34 c 2x It 2 t 3 X 3
I 12 t I 307 13 s Ans

5 The time period ofoscillation of a simple pendulum

is T oh
g ST 4 and sl it find 8g
A
hrzt
hrT
zf.hr l bug SI Sf 18g
sg It't
t.EE gtJ sg 5 Ars

Two given by 14 15010.0171

resistances are
and RE foot o.org er find their effective
resis ance
when they are connected in series and
Parallel

µ
 d
R Rit Rr 1502 and a

OR 01211 0122 0 ol Toro 2 0 03 re 1nF

y
R 150 I or 3 re

D the te tf r
loser
em i
e

ok
G i
ti f oofI

one 2

R t.to Any
SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
The digits that are certainly knoon and one estimated
digit are called significantfigures in a measurement
R VLF ST OIDENTIFY
S .AM
digits
non zero are significant t 123 3,113 33
a zeroes between non zero digits are significant
101 3 703 3 70.3 3
3 All leading zeroes are insignificant
7 3 I o 007 I
4 The a wholenumber
trailing zeroes in are insignificant
200 I
But if the zeroes arise due to a measurement then
 they are significant 200cm 3
5 The are significant if there is adecimal
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400 3
G In scientific notation digits that are in the capo
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3 1.08m s I
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C 3 108 m s I
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SIGNIFICANT FIGURES IN CALCULATIONS
i
During addition or subtraction the precision in there
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KINEMATICS
It is study of motion without going into thedetails of
cause
 rest It positionbody doesn't change in time w r r
of a

the surroundings then the body is said to be at rest

yoT It position of a body changes in time w.tt

NOTE
su roundings
then it is in motion
A 43,4 A
motion
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REST AND MOTIONS ARE RELATIVE
a dip
The length of path travelled by a particle
Distance
TISPLACEMENTI Shift in position 7 shortest distance bIn
initial and find positions
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A B
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displacement Is sin 9

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distance travelled and displacement covered in its
M Given position n Got St
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B 225m 1 X
yI
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backwards
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x6 60 6 5 36 360 188 180m

2115 60 15 5 225 900 1125 225m

Distance travelled d oattotoB

1868Mt 18am 225

5851
Displacement s
225mF
2252s

Average velocity
a YI
singing
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average velocity
Aage speed The ratio of total distance to total timetaken is

called averagespeed

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 y f ol l dy and
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Instantaneous velocity_Velocity d an instance is called

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vid
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uniform motion
equal intervals of time then it is said to be in uniform motion
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Acceleration at an instance rate of change
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A train crosses a pole in 20 f length of training
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HORIZONTAL PROJECTILE
A body is projectedwith
I horizontally from the topof a tower ofheight
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C

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y Igt y
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i Time 1
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I R UT 9.8 2 19.6m
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1 8 9.8 Fry L

Abody is projected such that it passes through all fourvertices ofa regular
as shoon find f velocity ofprojection

iiiiced
hexagon a

If
iii am
My Atano I

nay y y
E Y Y K

i Y GetE tano ME
É Iya nano
f
r
CI im
egg
g
Ii Camejo É lemony

jane
tea r cars
a
Fifa
ray tano to
of it
D 2911 g
w
HIII a
Ism
a
VEII
If origin is shifted from co o to Chik then Hy become ah y
y
note
sa E
fE A projectile touches all 4 corners of a
and an

i Is smash
angleof
projection
X o

p
 R
protection t
than maximum
distance travelled
by it inclined plane
on
un
Ig Let up the incline be
vex and
x
pg outward normal is
a trey
I ucsd usino
Ig go.bg
iIga a Ligas good
velocity at any instance F Caso gsmat usino gassy

position oftheparticle F aasot Egsmat asmat toast

At A yo t T time of flight
o us ha Gah 7 0 saggy
ashot tgasdt
when E T N R

R un
Yang 1min4555,1 matincand aid
gas'd

f
sina.se
gCasdaso
gg aid
R Invited
man
ggt
gas's E 20 2 12 O E E
25maasB Sin ATB SMCA B Rman
g É
Rman
gifts
r I É a nascar unicorn

n
g a 10
steno
g
IS Ease
y
Miya mid o total
2 Rash Y Rsha
f Iran I X
y

gRasL
Asma Ranaunlots ftp.t
and
shaft smh
Txuas10t21R.aqEzgyay
atanasmoan
Iggy 99144910 2
siatdggjgatdsni
h
T R.fiyg
p u 29010 2 sn O
gash
i

Rman
gifts
movement

j
the inclined plane Aman above plane
vy usma gash tan
ta
gig
artisan gig 28954 5
a f gsma gash
At Aman Vy 0
Otay tray H

g at
o go II find Rage down theincline
it fucose using
Lg x a gait gaya
of 0 At A
L C 4
usmot LGGL.TO
x acsott 1295ha T T
Ziff
 g

noisette
asoashtsmosis 4 esiseasto D
Jagjit gash

ngz.tt rman
gctg
At 20 2 2 0
4
41
APPROACH I

It
Fatma enfant
ya 0 solve form
x ray o 4
x ye mm
o
d
A
Rasa
911
Isma Rasa tacos
Eating
Eurasia 2 Sind as2244510 2 tanto 2

gash R
gas 212 24 Co2Costa275m 0 2 242.65 0 2 Smid
Eurasia 2 Since2
Gitano 2 Sing
n'Cos10 2 Smo
again
R W 280 Coco 2 4 Since 2 six

gas'd gas'd

Iman
guts AIB
vote
CHI B
t.FI o
E
RI
to

III tg
 g

IEEE E

for maximum range O bisector Line joining plot projection andlanding

opposite to net acceleration

I 2,37
B C D
IIE
at ialasos
HIII t II's
T AT at at F ai
DD
213
GI
Ltt 3
1
I Cat J Ans

IIITTcsgggtx.se Camaro Eas

y Rdoon
WGg4g mD Rmaddown
gffsia
3 T
407
Iggy fly U

Ijm
4 It u D
Effy
39407m 10Mls find the minimum velocity
19 projection forthe particleto
g of
y
 00
I y
pass through p

Mt pentane Fregia set

th'd
40 30tone IEC't tana t
304 9 o
40 for u to be minimum
9
o
to 4,194.0Gt
t
l
Eg
o sog u
1591,1
40 39
g I t g

to E Ya E
to
2g
a
L
u Z

40 312 80g z 22 a og
g 900g

22 1092 9092
22 8092 googz
90092 0 I 80g

zitiog dog 2 109 0

2 o
nog togy
us too AM
the
IIIs
95 34
3940
for minimum u op becomes
a Rman
50 4
pman 501 Rmanup GETS'm2
O 74
 1
Ig so
so
Iffy
FÉ f at
song
mis Ans

at height of som above the

Afighter plane is flying horizontally
a

ground with constant velocity of 500 s

m It Fer
passes an anti

aircraft gun which com fire in any direction with Emts find
the duration for which plane is in danger gao mis

É
H
chef 4410 som
i h som
int
1
at that n
GA
RIFF mtE
annex
1
t It If Any

aÉ set 1 27 tone t
41
for ye to be maximum
g o

2440
tug
1
o
Eto E
0
Katy

250
5 Entity II 250

25 2 104
x
250 1943 10
gynt E
n
50oz m AB an look

250 1009
If 500
 I
2

find maximum value of a

94
s
til
i

r se to be maximum n shouldalso be maximum

glim uGr grain

Wtgrsmf R
g
g 4 9.8 948 2 R
981
29.4 m R 3g
K Afar
Fuge rs g
Ans
IE
Lantana EI Citta the t o

4 19om g ag was

a o set
1 1 Litt
s
2 4 17 0 Ea o

qq.cat ttg
0 4 0
19 6 9.8 2 9.82
19.6 98
Yf 912

Rman
g th MI 91 19 6 9215
 I 1 6 9215
19.6
22 9.8215 n m

u find minimum valueof

a yr
in so that projectile
18m clear both the Poles

no
É
at
Enfeitty
t tant Eterna
great og

I 8in
4734T

Ig 5 SE I
i
6
6
5 ve z

Ig It
6 10092
22 1292 10092 0 1009222

eggs 47434

5T t t g g NY
F a WE V21294 69 253494
orgy 24g
u
soft Ah
 insect wants to jump
over the bell R find
no Amin to clearthe bell
s ones
I p Yy rtrsio

o manual name
2129 E
him
Vo
prate voting Eg
from rot u
2gy u No'tegg

ones
Sino z u to minimum dude
for be o

Iz
r 2 4 0 45

unit right Egr rt

Amin Jagr Leary 11 Ans
9 projectile collides elastically with the

na well R Range offrojectile

E
G C B D

normEonents
Durin.to getaffected so Un will only
be reversed in direction timefflightreman constant

vote l Let the collision be inelastic

Y
cure

i
my then un becomes can C
 aww
Un
ÉiÉÉÉÉ ocarina
Ac tale AD cunt we know that tglp
try
AD CAC
I
ADEM
2 g 32 ft yr

8 perton
standing on thetop of a diff 171 ft high has to throw
a packet to his friend on the ground 228ft horizontally away
If hethrows the packet directly aiming at his friend with
a speed of 15 fly How short will the packet fall
T t 171
A

ii it O 370

Éy atone
y 171 ft 191 3211 15
to
gain'd
I n
c
EEE CHI FIIIIAx
144 171

the 42T 272 0

RI
304 36 171
42 1444 1712 36 171 0

N 367 171 2 36 0
42
n 36 107 171
4
It falls shortof B by 228 36 1921

he benches of a gallery in a stadium are im wide and Im

 M g y
high A batsman strikes the ballata level Im abovethe groundwith
35m s 253 the benches are I to the plane ofmotion and
the first bench is nom from the batsman on which benchwill
the ball hit 19 84154
9 Ietonal 7

Ms R a'mg

yIÉTT IÉa 1

X
g Hom
l I
y xtmo
E
com
n notch D n1 109
y LD 74,11 1911
n 1 109 Son 90 1199
7411 98h n

13 n't1887 12801 0

t 44 4xis
Ey
n

1321

Hence ball falls on 6th step

Pass
Ight usymis
AN f
I
it5 sm T
find Amin
Oman 2
Rn so that apples fell into
to the boat BD 9 10 Mls
i Emin
si a 155
a
10
i
o 15518go 715575 900
456
Oh op
 Oh 01

5 8m20 I 20 30 a 1557
104,541

6 8m26 3 370 7 0 18.50

10457 5720

Let two bodies A and B be at F and I

then Jiya to Fba is position of B as

seen from A
from ole law ofvector addition of Fbla tf
By differentiating on both sides VI Thatta
By differentiating on both sides 5,5 dilator

meaner

II
relyJoy velofboat
t

FsI
2 VI Jaw Www
airlift III In

dat refrain retinota IF

Tr Trim Tn

mad eve probleme

 In
Tite relativevelocity equation
egg Jb Talita
Empress all vectors in
slept components

step Equatethe components and solve

Iet It
PRII.fiyyw A boatwhich can travel with Vaw in still water
water in river flu
now rows at an angle o with the flow find c Time taken bythe
boat to cross river if width of river is s I find the
displac ment
of the boatalong theflow
drift
BT k
slept to Taut to
g step Ububby blu.nNavy unity
t fund
101 by Vatan vk.g.tw
i Time taken to cross the river t
s spy
Kgb
by
t Vigny
from the diagram To Vaw Go Vip Sho
to V D
t gusto

Drift N Vint Ubuntu t lbw Got Vw s

vow Sino
X

In the above question find the minimum time taken to cross the
 river
E Esme thin Ew when sinai o Iz
Y In this case drift Ba
figs
C
Ans
up
A

In the above question find minimum drift Diseases

EV's
V tVblwGo ye

s É
a up
no

É
w
t displacement indirection
uggs
zero drift

Isi
Vw Valwsiny Sma
Yg
But this result is valid only when Vw Cusa

Emea day titty o

sin of VawSmo V.wtvb.twCos079.0 0

TVs.tl otas OJtVwasa o

anti I fi twJ
RAIN UMBRELLA PROBLET

a horizontal road with u ms In orderto save himselffrom rain at

an mm
tomand

umbrella should beheld at an angle of toniculy with vertical

A man running on a horizontal road at 8kmph finds the rain

speed to kkmphandfind
falling vertically He increases his
that the drops make angle 300with the vertical findthe speed and direction
of the rain with respect to road m m

coed um um g

ur Cn g
Vom o Urim
II CA4 O V
m 8107
18 ri
x 8 Mls Urim
y
Um
Vr 8,27

vim
Etf Vin
vim c ring
12,07

Friz
Vr Vilm Vis
8,0 Vite Evin 1210
 8
V11 12 Vain 8

Y 538 II
Wrk 16.4 48
Vr 8
45
4
VEIL
at 2
41 Bla tank

É
M Ure Urim Um

Is at
Vrt
o

Vm 453
Iq Vr V64 48 45
toma 45
ath Blu
a Widthof a river is d A boat starts from Pand moves such that
it's velocity relative to water is always directedtowards a thepoint
on the other bank oppositeto P find the time taken the boattocross
by
Ff
Vw v T
river
Given VigoKV Ck D
 90.04
D

un
i aime is t
ft I
armph t 41 Hrs C
v5 tplut.tv
MI
041119
Edt 50524 Sink 1 2 37
6

His gig
o
É
loom
a
IF for 1401
0 1732 40 4
10
100 Egg
gg 4 t o

Eal
p 51904 11,30 11 571.4 1572 33 605 57.2 26.9
57.2 63 251s
7
F t

1160630 608m30 classfosoash 5082

at o 107 a o 10

goas 2 boss 508mL 307 ab

u 1 0

art one projectile other projectiles move uniformly

Cote 5.0Cost 305
5.08mL 307 f
FBA 37
for collision By o 505,131s
5131A 13 ABA 0 10010 FA
7

4100 4150 4 305 A A

HMI ÉI grass o
g Ty o
h agg
ST 5,5
I
d ti't r
a
f D CDi Tat
ret I f y
a d 4 tan o
y
pay fortasatd h
Hence as seen from 1 2s
only moving along nasty
no d autord A t
day
11
A 041 9,10
P Nitka 100
44 L L
9
1
g 55 sense
100m B
I 24 ma

a Y Yr they were Projected simultaneously

bosinset
Igt gosmat Egfr hence t is same for both
364 4 50Sindt

550
35 L

I
100 24 22 711196 1.08
msn.am
6
10
12 543 t
c s Unity V 3 7 7.29
Was.at4E8mot 1914
zgg tV
Bx1D's pox s

fat
 LII.LI

ten If

10 t s
oms
i n is
yay
cosinot
ft 10 2914 7 2050 10750 4 0 30
1
I 2 206300 t Lox
Ex I 553mg

VOTE for 2 projectiles at q g at o

g air G at o

Therelative acceleration o one projectile moves uniformly wry other

i
Ciainitially auto To To
a find F e play e
o
t.ME gtD ground

F tcuittaty
F Dinitidt E t
find
I ID Uia Uan My day t

It
METHODI

Initially Up 20901Losing
FBAo NO U 91 10
 GBA 0
A collision TBA10,07
J Bast
tf
Up.MU n UBy uay
T
TBA MD 208mg f
coast
TBA In 20Gt 10 2087171
0,0 N Loosot o
2050717
20507 Sma 42 0 300
10 20950 1 0 10
2 20630 0 n 10430
12 5531
D ÉI Fuori ri

g
d h 90
nv Frio Cd h
si Tai YI G
vasa Vsd Vashraid
a fivasa
at 40,0
521 521of E t or t I moves
2 onlyalong n any
d 4 avant o
At shortest operation on no
I d avant D d want 0 t
edgy
It
19 B 1 12
A
É a

n I sp if at 22114 an 0.1 10
on 4 2 5 0 that E o

se
I
t't in.IT I
10 0
21441 A 2t 5 0 0
F r 244 1
 1 at S o tuition 221

71 20 81 74 Yz lot 121 5 2
iii
1
N

10 856 8 49 1486
YE 2 1286 3.5 1056

YE 57 2256
HENCE THEYCOLDE AX tf EY Dx

LAWS OF MOTI
IT IN Every body remains in a state of rest or uniform motion

untiland unless compelled by an external agent fore

The tendency of remaining in a state of rest or uniform motion

is called
intra T const it Iento
wolf Man is a measure of inertia
D A passenger in a busfalls forward when
Day bus stops suddenly

2 F
o A throw

file Dusting

T.FIfIi14tutluf
vi
4 Turning a car causes a push on passengers
D lo
i p
Momentum Ability to communicate motion
Thequantity of Lotion
Note
1 mu productof mass and velocity is a
measure of momentum
It is a vector along velocity rector
3 Unite Kg mis
mu x find change in momentum
i normal of PI Pi

IIImy mvasofmis.mg

me
Gmvasamung

forge D A push or pull

2 It attempts to change the state of motion
second law The rate of change of momentum is
directly
proportional to the force acting on the body and takes place
in the direction of the force force push or pull

Fim I def
E mis may ma
If Meon t dy
I ME
unbalanced force notforce Mmg
NI ID F Dj
fnyoma
2

Fl fi fr I
fr If fry 0 ma 0 9 0

IF
1
If fi F fi fi ma Fi Fi a
fly
F

n Cloy
D F Y fit fit 2fifrau A
In fitfit2ffeaso
j
In general a Em EE A B

Third lay Every force is accompanied by an equal and

opposite force
f action by A B
FAIT
on
ng D
f reaction by D on A

ALLI Ifl Fu
action and reaction act on different bodies

I
Mt É Draw all possibleforces
on cart and ball
yn a

ball

FF
MEE É

D
f IF É
f
Action Reaction but they may generate
note
accelerations differ
duet nt
different masses they possessand
other forces acting on them
 IES I forced
7 Gravitationalforce force of attraction between many
F Gmm pi poll
2 Ecmgneti fort force between charged particles
pull CoD push
All contact forces are electromagnetic forces
1 Normal fore Push when two bodies are in contact
It
F is always I to the surfaces
in Contact
a

Ey I
CD A and B are
peed sideby
side Then
Atef neo
When A pushes B a normal

force is established I to the

contact surface
D an N
a
F mgsino
mgcs mggfgjmg.sn
gonna
1
ngSho ma

4 7N
ringed y
Ing
Ne

2
g
Y't
tension Ill by a string
tension always acts away from point

Is of observation
 t
I H

D Eingforce mmmm
ft H
F kn pull when elongated mmn.me f kn
Push
push when compressed Emin
k const n compression elongation
n al

3
strong nuclearforce The force that binds nucleons

a nuclear force These are forces responsible for

radio active decay fission etc

thediaigtitthat indicate all forces acting on a body

body
freely falling Igt NN

D Block on
floor resting Img

the floor of
Ig
3 Block on a lift accelerating up wards
n block
f ng
Ta
fit ma N
ng
Yg

in nm ni
 r 7
4 A sphere is resting on 2

É
wedges as shown find the
normal forces
by
wedges
man of sphere m

from Lami's theorem Igo my Img

Nu
a
ME
find normal forces bin Ai
Effigy BC

f 10 10 a a I m

E lot N 5 N

Ni 2 1
n
21
a
string
a a
M F find tension in the string

AI a

MIM F f Mtm a Em

a T.IE
t.net mIe F T ma

T Ma
T ME
f Mtm a
 At Sm e
find Tab
to
ftp.I ign
in
log
log s

TAB 102
43 8g N
TBC 109 69 N
3

EQUILLIBHUMI If not force on a body is zero then it is in

equilibrium fatso a 0

equilibrium
a
If
a o and V0 rest then it is in static equilibrium
M
find all normal forces
G i

tenses
Ij
o

Masino
N2 NsSinOtMg

E.IImes Fg Nasa
Nismo ng
I ne Nt
 O
Ns Ny Ni mycoto
Ifi mgesco

Not mating 2mg

4
Y 4
NEE 2mg
many

Eff
ni
i 2mg
N
ng N smoting Mi 2mg
Nz
If
Go N
I MICE NY
MI
Eth
16
My find a

st
jÉÉÉ6N gxt.tw 10.39 10.39N
3 98 29 n
29.4

Nott normal force can adjust it's value as

long as it i Tve
F Ma
6 3a a 2m s

D MIFFY find Ti 1 Te

a
6 6 as a i mis
6
 O
FEIG TE zN

DIT
TEI

É T no friction
any where
y findt a

I
mig acmitmy
j ta mig t Mia a
mtg
g
Cine g
t
t t mia
D
a

Af B mg
a
It T
MII g

MACHINE
g
m me
IFI pulley is masslessand smooth and string
is
light and inextensible find
II
Tm
J am
ti
Ift ya
ma Mig T
mtg

3
MEEE.tt Ig acmitmy C myg
t
Ih
my my EEF
 D L
12
I t
is

am misia
acmitmy Lm g

Im maid
a
1 Is
mmmfm4tmt missis t.DE mga L ItYy
constraints Restrictions imposed on motion

ÉÉInge mains constant ideal cases

FF
jj.IEye
find T and acceleration
of the blocks
fate
That I
ÉÉ
sot length of string L lot 2h the
differentiating wit t 0 2 t

fi g ni
g u

O 20 U 42 20
 differentiating or t t an ra

Mia at
Etta Mig

mtg
mean T 2m29 T
par Mia
Mig 4m29

Ig at
mittimus

IIIT
find tension in the string and
I accelerations of the blocks
gal ft Dm ti
day
stg try dy o

3m11 3mg 2t sma an g Em

2g Emt 9 Tim o EL's 397T 9mF Amc

ar g 5,394 92
9 7
I find Tension and accelerations
an s
V
Img
12mg
p 6712ms insiponsums
a an o

Ans
5 a a t 2mg
 In the above question if moves with find
121 up 21s
the velocity of 2m
O t
L II
In the above problem if am is replaced by 3m find
the accelerations

681 72 0 Assuming both blocks moving down

Gaitan 0
12mV
12mg GT mira an Em 20
IIIa
g

3mg T 3m92 are g them

If
371 a

6g 3 9
In Im O
t
7g

are I as

ÉÉ
find accelerate

jig
m ist
ons of blocks

42 322 2 491 392 0 491 sa

4T amal 3145 E
12F 3T Sma 34143 T
Im IE
 a 3
As a 2 Any
41
T find a 1
system is fallingfreely
left jilge
it

I t
a
1
Ans

t ele th th he 1
a ar o
a
ie th o ng

Note for constant length for string or for a rigidbody compo

rents of velocities of all segments parallel to the length
remains same
find velocity of em
i
9 fÉÉÉ
it montu
rt
length
of string to be const v'Cso V Ans

MII
É O
ants
V
2dg niftydig
dy
W t 20 44 v
v1
4127 Fa

4h my
9 It a am

iii w
I 1 n't ht
i
ji
ish
idea
HI
ji q dy.de It
Tlv Tv v1 Vaso

a
Iijima sharp
v

E as
asanas
HIIIII
j
wedge constraint
velocities
To maintain contact the components of along
the normals are equal even a and s also

III resin H
find accelerations
vertical shaft andwedge
of

ma

i
 2
Mg

1 I I
N2GOtMg N Nismo MA

Énasio
It
my Metso Ma

t from wedge constraint

A a
t ASmo 9Cosa
Asio Oh

also my
I gtfo maggot

as A tone 0,7 1 ng

Mi
Ii gT
ti im
i i
All surfaces are smooth pulleys

def and strings are ideal find

accelerations
of the blocks
extent't at t
47 4 qt tag
Im ten 3,4
tyg
II
 g
1 2 2T Ax Mtm
I 2T N Max C

I N max I mg af Mtm Imax

my T
May C ax at the mg
2xty
2axtay 0
L

9 Lax 4
ax
III E

acceleration of M ax 37th
acceleration
Art
of M
Tty
Ight
of inn it faces are
and string are ideal find
smart pulley

I
j
s
t.TL oil acceleration of m

ai
xtY L
Atabp O
Ipta
1 11 0 t Aja
as 2
Aimed
Any
Pseudofore The force emperiencedby a body in acceleratedframe
of reference as recorded observer in the accelerated
by an
a
frameof reference
ream
 0 7 1 1
gEm
mac E
with respect to the cabin bobis
Omg O in equilibrium
9 ÉÉt
9

Ea ma
aot.mg
I
a giorno so ten g
 I
Tayo my t VMgykma
Tail ma

i
teams
FE.gs g
Tano
Yand Isma ma T
mean

Ig
T ideal find
off All pulleys and strings
accelerations of all blocks
are

In i 4 teth

É
Ig rataita O

E't Emts o

2mg T man 4g
ELI it 1 1 T
77
a 9 33 47 as 9 2,41
y
a 9 EF 1

M
1 i
It from the ref frame of pulley

E t not
NET Yhmxa_ 43cg
TA from Atwood's machine 1
f 21717
tart t ta 34g 841 84A 34A
 5
t 19 Is I 11
Ii A
MAIA Hi AL

iii get 0
4 75
as taptap
f 5,411 giant
7 6

spring fed
legit
ifeng.IT
men
Y
increased elongation
ka when
lengthy
Spring pushes
decreased
compression

try f KE for idedspring

idedspring has no mass no loss of energy during extension or
Intraction
find acceleration ofM
9 rÉftp.t.FI f.pringfora5fs
May
F Is mo

i mat MAT
A
P I work book bott M a A
Emmy AI
must be done
by Monday
AI
D t A man m is standing on a

weighing machine inside a crate as

shown
at when in find
n Chim t
ra
Lii when the reading R true weight

ofthemen find T 7

I
Ta itt ma ma o
me

T Ma
ng R
qt ya
coat
ttig
I
for equilibrium a o Rtt mg
T R
ng
mg CIII 2T Mtm g
T
mt g MCjg All

D R mg Mgtt Yg ma me

T Mg my Ma
a
E 9 T Mtm g
MI
Mtm g
T
L I
t Mtm mg Any
 s Ans
mm

W E J 5 displacement of pointwhere force

NOTE
is applied
o Mj find net workdone by tension on the

t a
blocks
i

m
Émln Ta t Tal o Wp o
nd
NIEVE If virtual wort EXTRACEFUL
sum of work done byTension in a system is equal to zero

E D É that
In
TH n
In 0

at 2N that 7 D
a I T
n t at Arta so

it
A 0 A block is attached to aspring

of stiffness K find Manimum

Aeroelongation elongation of the spring when
agggggy block's released from A
fry

t M1 ÉTg É I.de I Ei.fd.n

Cont 2 0
ca VI o
gym get na
Ye
Ans
 Ars
got find 9 equilibrium elongation
in
spring
bThe accelerations in theblock
fÉFp
t when spring is cut AP
g c
The accelerations ofthe blocks
immediately after thestringis out ate

a
Initially system is in equilibrium

It
t
EI
My A
ring
ng tf my
5 t ma kn
21 no mg An
D It spring
is eat

A
at
T a
ta
m B
191 1931
Gmtg 21

If treaty telling
aid
c
string is out to A a freelyfalling
A t body
Ig Aa
g

o
 B IF ta mais myth
Ight.mg Mla 2mg 913
202
mac
asf
e
gating o
a
tiny

NOTE excess length Nita

I ÉHÉ 2
up

If a pulley draws on and sea lengths

op ait
from bothsides then it moves down by day
If pulley draws strings at
o and on then moves down at v

It draws strings at a and an then moves down at

pulley any

To
aid 0
81
9 91293
Zaita 2 93 0

a
r

or 918 t.at gI
 T o
d Faget R.de d F Rom
Lando Too
IT 4g

IN
cmll

i after which B stops

for first time

Nata the L AA ZETA 0

E 913 12 Aa ay
Katy GE Vas St
a t
Ia
Sitt v

612 243 34 tallest It

0
up 11212.1

Us Ddt ELKE 35
Up
Grift1
when V50 674414 0 at t Yes 0
All strings and pulleys are ideal find a
if
he me ith many
h m
for any atwood if

Iit
machine
mittipan Eight meet
Iii
I
 4m
replacing
ovithm 41nF H mm mi
pg Etta a
Em
at
m
m
L

that opposes relative motion between surfaces in

contact is called friction
Typeof friction
Dstatic friction friction bodies when
theytendto
i between a

move W r t each other

2 It is a
self adjusting force
The maximum value of static friction is called limiting
friction i when F E fr fr f
f c when f f f kinetic
f f

Dentia Eton amie friction

friction between a contacts
sliding
Fic constant
3
Rung friction 1 friction experienced by rolling bodies
2 Caused by deformation in either body or the surfaces
3 Fr t
LAWS IF Friction
D friction doesn't depend on area of contact
 2 friction is directly proportional to normal force FLN
fan
M The ratio of friction to normalforce m HN
coefficient of friction
When body tends to move static friction is established It

is a self adjusting force

friction
I
SEE its
o
FL f applied
on M F
iqtant.to ofnormalforce
and frictional force of

F Vfw
f N n 0 angle of friction
tony
Angleof friction tan m

Block is in equilibrium
of
IF
h
find C frictional force
moping mtg normal force
to Umg.co Gii Contact force

Is N
Sof masino ngau
f mgupwards F my
 E Boles E tat

m It É Éf is placed
on a rough horizontal surfacefind
Ms the minimum magnitudeof forcethat
can move the body on the floor Ms coefficientof static friction

the F f
not
to more
t
pottos faint N
I ng

no
F f Go M ng f sino

EE
farm ing
FILET e at no
ME 41min Aantisidman
IT
Fff E rat
It
10mn in f
My
pimp 1000N
p
on

limiting friction woman

I body

ÉE ETFÉ second
010
 TH
D A body m is projected with a velocity u along a
rough
horizontal surface find the distance travelled by it before coming

to rest M
initial velocity
acceleration
tu
a
I
fly
ng Itis ing
ng
find velocity v o

4
Of A body is projecteddong n axis from origin with a velocity u

M Motton where n n coordinate findthe distancetravel

by it stopping
a fu fret Mmg
yr Ha Motleymy
MN
ring Ag fontMg Ea
a

Indu floating.dn
Yy

11 1412 hog n
M.gr Mog n Lo
when Veo t
In't kg n

n tm.su
Igt4tgu
 n
mgtyqigi.to
AIf Repo
a A block m is kept on an incline
th
plane Ms The inclination a is
gradually increased find the angle 0 4
when the
body starts to slide This angle is called angle of reposep
fr ingrid Amg asa
f

mÉ É
be th
f E MN
marina EMingaso
when 0
4 ima Ms tony n

detail
In the above problem when
fo 0 find acceleration of
the block given o body slides down
q
mm mm
a g since Maso
m

Mi coefficient of kineticfrictionbln Mandflog

Ijm me n meandthor

o tommi a P tail me
find accelerations of the blocks when d M The
Lii Mic Me
 find the above cases
Also normal force bln the block in
when blocks are
mid Miao
kept separately a
g
since
az g Macro

In the present case It a an contact is lost

Sho M Go sine Ma Fine m asa
27 5

225
Mao m GO Mr 7M
in case lii neo and boditmore separately with
an g Sino Micro
since
apg Maso
a
It afar

in.FIjEIII.sma mom manga no

ÉÉhfij
acmitm mitmygsmill gasolminit
many

1
a gro

Camden.mg stie
miasma Mian N
magcon may n
Iesggsgo
Gocm
Ans
NIII ma
h

gÉ f
find
ie coefficient Fslic dynamic
such that blocks movetogether
fiction

ME
A
Eff
Assume Common acceleration MEM
I
check the assumption forces are always in
ping
f
pa
a ts
p
 forme
n FIs
my Ma

fam F Is YET
any fs
Is
Ff In Itm
we know that A 1 MN
EI Emmy

F SM
Lying
fman Mmg Mtm Ans

fman find the acceleration

In the above problem If F of

the blocks

sot It mom
Ing
tu Emma C
40min
it In or
or
Fight
a 9 10 mtg

fut
no find accelerations of theblocks
7kg when F 6N 12N 18424N
Mu É
D Assaye common acceleration
a E
F
D verify 5 F
f 5a
gym g f f 5
In
 I 12 12
7 Is 9
Left 72 10
int
f E N

for f
i apart
I Im s

f l an a m s

For f 18N 18
blocks move separately 9
fm 31 51
92
21 Ms
for f can
241
a
17 mist 92
1215
block can have a manimum acceleration
7kg of Mls

Mtg a rt fit
f es
my
11g
o
n

I
acceleration t
assume commit a
24
verify Étts o r
after to see blocks
each other
slide't

E t
After 2sec blocks slide or't each otherother

l
 W all
I at a
ft e
mis

BA 92 2 Mls
y
Ay 9 a 21 2 2 21 4
Uy O

wert the plank B

Tat 4 7
dq at 4
4 It
fdr get
o z

V 1 24 46 5
Ett 14
t
I
fdn JE Ddt
0 2

l
tf lt 4 T4lt.o 4
I
1 193 10 4 193
6 m

upto t B is accelerating along withA

y 2

t Sdv Fidt v E ent

date
a
o o

E After 2s friction became cont 2

j an a 2m15 Cont

Vis Utd 2 2 1 421

3 know that
we
414 22 Val 3 4 14
TA TA TVI IT 4 SMI A

A horizontal force f lov is

m

My
most
gÉÉÉ
of
applied on the blocks find the
accelerations the blockswhen
of
Fis applied onp219H3lg
7K Fg1o.m
s

4
o
A 4
that E E f mis
go
a
4 54 4 I I
84
i 2kg block would slide forward
10 9 3 M s
4

assume common acceleration

o 18 4
µ tr
as
y
7
chef Is 4 21
Assumption is true
Hence A2 as 04m15

t l Assume common a
2
fi
i Ef
It F io
verify f Sj Itn 4N
f 15
2kg doesn't slip
a o
 33 E
fe 7 4 NCI
i
7kg also doesn't ship
9 a as m s

7 Distr a 516 mis

fr
Aof venation to 5 1 4
ft shhh
lo f if 3
fin 5 4
no
shipping
a a Az SI m s

B is projected with um
MIB along A Ats sufficiently long
2m a v
th
Iggy
ar
no U

e find the final speeds of A and B when shipping

ceases
A P
ftp.yd
Mmg f 0 Const

g Pi Pf
V
my pmtm
C When both A and B attain same speed friction

disappears
v
4 During sliding motion find Ga13 7
t taint Aa Ob
Mft aft Ing
 It work done is equal to change in K E Lw Imu thug
find the work done against friction
Kei Imu kEf If mtm 37,1 Imu 3
OKE Ky
ki Emu Lt D Imu

offspring const ateengt

k
F9cm
A Spring elongates by9am when a load is
lengths
suspended Now the
spring is cut
into 3 equal and are

extension
same load
supp rting
as shown find the new

Initially
when spring is
mg p acm
cut into 3
O
ports 11 11
titty
K'at It L 3

finally 3k's my 310

41
se
II ME gene II
too I É SN
g 9 10
lot find accelerations of b
to o
I1 Tension establishes itself when there
is a
pull
Ian and 4kg block remains at rat C to con

hence system doesn't move af

f 6N 7254N T 4N a 0
 E 12.8m find the
the car when it
speed of

m Erik reaches thebottom

when driver applies
brakes 19 10
when brakes are on car behaves like a block
a g since
Maso 10 E E 4 52
1 6
a
4 6m15
s 12 8m or I 36 47 248
a

v e
12 f v
36 464.0
to m s 10
183
100
36kmph
o on trust

Afca
4
É 901
Bolt is moving with a
constant velocity v from
B to A The
minimum
vanity of a blow at a so that it
Initial velocity th has McEndfame
acceleration Ig un
engl
find velocity o n Fri
L
displacements

coefficient of friction between shoes and road 0.9

find minimum time in which an athlete can run a som
race g 10ms
 The friction on man is always highest f ED
L Mmg KE D
i a
mog ng

FIE
t
E 54
I
6 Tension so that block

oh
man Tt n ng
that
Igt
I
N
Frog't
Ntmg Mgttmg
for T Than f fL MN
MN T
TU tu Mg Mtm
ullman g TJ I

hittin
 m
0745
MF V
3 A nu surfaces are smooth
Sm
10 find accelerationof
blocks

Arid
Ni ga MA Got MySino Hai
ayu Also grid
Inas
S A.am
ay
E
2AgIa
at ay tan aywaso ayuso t
Alo
at A awhile Ginseng
smasid
3m92we 3mgGO 3mAsince
yay w

Y Longa aunt geste Asia

180 9040
Infghto he a
A

a TEA tzaywt.no

d
 14 for a body a su v
circular track there should be a
Tatge
net force towards centre that net force fret ma

fret centripetalforce ma far f ray fret MIT

ME moth
iii

circulartracts
iii
A car is going around a of radius Ry
find the maximum speed with which the car can travel
a
at qr
tyres donot slip hence
friction is only static
f MUI
bat Is fr
u
mtg sung
His us tug
Ay Egghead
Uman
Ing
Ans

N my
f a
BIT ME f S My
mg HI
a Eng
Gu ri art of ray my

o p
 v0
Fit na am
bloeptemains stationary art

É the cone
C v ru

É N m.EEsu.tgs.mg
1 n
a If u is less block
mm
slidesdownthen friction wouldbe
ftp.ggg.o
hmm my up the in cline
mouat

sissies
my trout grid Esau Timo Umi
r blond

mtyos.TT mru
si MgGotMLHrWeso
Hasina
Hignite
Ebro
Eight D

s t
of
g
IE A M M T fl f
 Enty L rata o a 2A
A
ot I ne ng Ttf
g
2T Fa Ni MA

I
I ng
t f 2mA
fiftym on ta 2A

MA
I N

f MINI f Mane

2T MalmatttMND Ni MA E
2T MutD
Mang mut Niu MA
MA
TU MI ML.mg N Citrine
2 MD my MY 2mA Mang Ni HMM MA
Tmg anti 5mA ming tumult 25mA Ming
NTM Mt
Ling Meng ming Nilan Mm titmim ALM tem any
912m Ma MTM mA Emit 1 A Mt um 2mm

A Mtm 2mm Tmt anim g Lam MMM

A 91m12 my Mun
Mtm stem am
 system started with an initial

I 1_
velocity
the blocks
ve findtimeafterwhich
are separated

i
M
EE ar
na
T
v
Mt
MmHg l

Ma Mtm Idg
a
inflame
Uys O
ay ar ar
Mft MILEY
1
ME 2
7

l
ELK's
Syz

FE.fi I FEI
t

M
it find 1 accelerations
of
gin 7th the blocks
1 447 no a Tr T2 2
4h
am
s friction betweenthe
blocks

I
 a
It 4mg ing TI yes
an assumption
King

It 4mg T 4mg
ya 7954342
Img TF
long

am 1031 S
f 4mg
1
1 23
But fs can have values from o to
my only Hence our 37
assumption fails Blocks slide

III mg
Tig ta
at an
4m
gu
b bar
In2mg
ÉÉj Gma
Éai one TE
MIT't tiny
74Mt I
a
E J gl
Ftir.mg mg
tz
541
Ti 2mg catenary
 g

suspended between spots

s go of som height length
VIIIn of string is som.at the
midpoint string is com
above the ground find
sepeeration betweenpoles
I
a mass per centlength

Fo k
So t t say sina.tad.ly
d ct.im a deg

T Aso K

d sing 7
Itg d.LI d xdlg
kdCtmo xdlg kseiodo xdlg

Yydy
de
dg data

14sec ode xg
O O

K
Lamy 79.14 480ns
 kseiodo
xg.dz
To som
dy
o
Eff ag

60 2 mode dz

k
12 724

secy 1 xgy

16secy 16 9844
IEEE 9

FI 4 asy
secy
of
Er
gig 434 a it
g
k Sera de K th
I agd.gg 741 721

fad Idi 1km1 210

k.hn 722
sefttany
no 8
Y E o
417 4 4 n
 Iii ÉÉÉÉ a.es mas of chain m
find TA 1 Te
Te Ff Ing
Tayo K 2TAMO Mg TA TB
Igg
To TAGO
Logiest MEI
ASI n no m
M.SI iYMMd 4mls mo g lo
vge
m is moving on the frictionless surface
o ve 5 4
na 4ns
an s
2
Iof I
m
Gola
II moi f
Iii i
to
right whereas

p
6019 left
not i Sa 4m
Effy
a
A
ES Ing 42 Ix
16 82
 B

car
AX
Itching 2 F
Br
A 3m Mms ex
farm merges DX

friction Eley ad string

between o Go 1
do 70 doz o

H Taxi CdE 1 no o
It.FI g

y I
tidt for equilibrium of string
TY over the
digging pulley
tdt
H MTdo o

t
to
ITz
Idf
T
ng
Titta
ng
ME
I Ta T CM
 e
Fate if
h nCnDin y x3X2x
I
A B
M r
Em
coefficient of friction sin
timing Iif e y
pulley and string m
tee mg find Me If A is
Just about to slip

got p
te tie CME IM I É
Mj umg ell
em
I I this 2 2 tut
2 cutter
TMT 2M 2 0

stIITI
m

m
TITI Ars

Y
IN MOTION
Motionof a body going along a
circle alt 4

t.IE igtmeraaius ÉÉE

vector 00 6 00 Do EX
O X
 It is a pseudo vector 00 0 00
It follows right hand screw rule

UMI radian
par displacement roo for small or
Nolet rod
Os

Angular velocity It is the rate of change of

displacement co
ang
dog lar
Itis a pseudo vector right hand rule
unit red s

It EYE
did r U rw V12

2 A particle completes a circular path in Ts CETime

Hz 5 period
WE Etf W CD cps
II cyclespersecond
in THE not
a Ict H't
frequency

of find angular velocities

of seconds hand minutes handed
hour hand in a clock 86400

ad
 We IT rolls Wm rolls Uh
Egg redly
It vectors along Ida and tangent

yo did to Its in
P x unit vector
along rt
Iggy T Go sing
pg x

to a vector
along tangent
f posh O Paraiso

unit vector along tangent am

E Pyg
Sho

I Go since f since Gso

Igt rotating body

T E O
o Caso mo p f
velocity
É 23 a
f s no 0 no
g
yyyy.pro
To f since Cso
no E
dastard
but o w
ooo
f v page Ef

Acceleration of a rotating body

 doo
a
did gooo
it toy d angularacceleration
a
off
duldt
o
a as0
office dog face aso

r so d
Wfasoo atsmoicoso

W't af'd
I ray
to
rag after
Gray
Along the radius ar ad

ar radial acceleration towards central

Centripetal acceleration
or E Kru a
VID

I
ar

if
The force that provides this acceleration is called
centripetal force
Along the tangent
at Tangential acceleration 9h
The force which provides at is called tangential force

Hit It
IFF mac centripetal force
f can change direction but notthe
of
only
magnit de
velocity
Fr can the
magnitude of velocity but
only change
not direction
e for a particle to be in circular track Ar and f
are must
If ft so then 2 0 and speed is const then
the motion is called uniform circular motion
radius coefficient

A carais going along a circular tracker.it ThE

speed ofthe car increases at a constant rate of a m s

find the acceleration of the car at instance find

any
the timeafter which car
slips from the road
I

sofIstyfiuoant k.ai.a no

tangential acceleration at a
instance It
ferocity any
ai
at
at
ar any
E af
 And
1 static friction provides net force to many
f Sfl
Matty EMMI
Iyar
a

at
CGI Cg on the vergeof

slipping
at o ng ay
Fr 4
1 at Cugat Any

4 Breaking force of
a
string is F N find the Manimu
angular velocity with which it canrotate a stone of my m
along a horizontal track of radius f

Hong the radius t ma

Ig pg g I tmrw

f meet
Ans
w
VII
TIYFsend.fm a acting on bodies in rotatory
frames of reference
Centrifugal forceis radially
out MI iy
 Note ground hod
gynorizontd
groove
g I Fp me

fret D
fret T
Ma T
T fp
t mar
mark T
M
t N
gyp
BANKING Of rn Nasa
ROADI view
par on
B Top 2 0
vs me a
got
by yay
Nasa my
N since mar tho a tariff
ns.no t
my Uman Fatma fanglefbonking

inclination coefficientof
of A road is banked with O
friction road and tyres is u find maximum
between

and minimum velocities on curved road r

77
 N e
t
DMI

g
Ig
II mga
N mgasot
missing

when v is low then body tends to slide down friction acts

up the planet
for V Vmin

mgsind

ftmgcs mgsho
mfifgasothfsmo.lt au

Laso Ms mo g Gino Maso

umin.fr EEIia
for
large value of V block slides up theplane
And friction acts down the plane
NIT verma
gs If mas Emotion 30questions
 Ignat m go.tn
snfygal questions
Hk

msmy gLsno may

ILaso
man
Fide
i

9 A wire of length L and mess M is

made into a loop If it is rotated

about it centre with D roll
find tension developed in it
top is placed on smooth horizontal
surface i
da Idk
do
1 hi o It r

e
Egg
1
TYE IT
et.dlo.t
a Mru 2Tsi It x
no
to

T
EE In loop's frame
mygyans
Tdo 4rd0
287
I i A cabin moves
around O in
Ito
a
a 10
circular path r

I y
1 A groove Cag is
made in the cabin findthe

time taken by a
particle released at A to reach B
arwen
proton
w
10 amro Faso
no E sezattt.EE

Note i o
1 Pot kda atra n dog
wi d1
É dt

l
s Yai't
 o call y
ye
Angular velocity about'apointor
circumference
velocity boat centre
ICanguler

one
W F bind
egg
a
flat
ta
a n opm odds
neg E
n ops nx
2,1 sadly

T To keep am in
a mi ÉÉÉ equilibrium
at m is rotated on
t
In smooth horizontal table

find a 2Mt in a circle of radius

 T 2mg mew w
jet
A conical pendulum
1411111 n

the roof by means of a string of length

It.GE It is made to
radius
rotate in a horizontal
co and torrio
7252121 circle of t find
in the
string
Metzger
m
ng
In rotatory frame of reference m is in equilibrium

Drigo EEE to o
JET
i
TIE
Y
kinematics of a motion
Initial angular velocity w u
a V
find angular velocity
a
angular acceleration L
displacement o S
angular

I 4dg Ido Kat

 wat
D
g fda
u

D L
wdf wow fado

It
Ift
Djduatdt
w w at

Ido
g Oo flu.atdt o op
w.ttaI
oo
o

3 Jw du Ido LE Lo w w 20
Wo o
Ey
a A fly wheel starts to rotate with 10 rpm If a constant

torque imports on 100

rpm in 20s
angular of
velocity
find C 2 7 2 011057 1 F0 as

w
n a 100 a
5 3

1,7 3 trolls

D o wht 1.0
P.tt XIi pxy mix Pm

ft
0
4 22 the 1 X t
5
rot

53 2424 Lofted
 3
MK ENERGY IND POWEL

word The product of force and displacementof point

of application of force is called work

W FXS Escorts
D B
I ang
f the point of application

I jyg
Na
D p of force is movedonlyby
face
i We EXS GO F s
i work is a scalar Ii It can be tve ve or zero

Gii unit Joule CSI erg CCGs IF 10erg

Not CD If point of application of forcedoesn't move

then w o

Etc while walking foot doesn't slip hence workdone

by static friction 0
A monkey is climbing rope withoutslipping then workdone

by friction so

Majid
EI
find work done

We 100 10 1 500J
a Is kneel moves a body from n Im to n 4m
K 10 NIM find workdone
Es
f a.tt
w

gg
work done
during elemental displacement dw F de
Kndn
we Jdw Kfedn 1124217 1 15 755

find works done

e east us
f
by
e and gravity
mkg.no
wg.gg ngravitf mgeyy coi
F 5
m
Asia Wg
mgh
h Co mg

Wg mgecras
waIfnetgE_cf.o
cession
J
flsing
DF
go work done force x componentor
Note ego
ps
s along f
displacementxcompor
f dongs
 A blockCm slides down on

Miffy inclined planets find the work

done by friction normal force
and gravity

Gatwg fxsalongf Mgh

nmtwnsfxsasqo.no If fts WI

wya f s Gigo's umg os Umgb

workdonebytriction
tyxbose
c

note wffids Area under f s curve

af
I find work done by
variable force
iii
a
as shown in diagram
from
C 2 1 to 2 0
I 2 4 to 2 1 Civ n o to 2 4
IV n t to 2 4

EIE
FIE.IE
it

É EIFFEL
 o
spring is

32111 It 11
in it's naturdlengt
find work doneby
spring forcein moving block from Ato B

ME.FM
F dw fdn Kndn sw kfndn

we
E CREAM
taken 2270
MIN 220 I

tE We IKCainab
is valid for all Mika

A block m is moved on a horizontal plane

by spring force from compression of 1cm to
a

an elongation of 4am Given k 10001m

oh ICM 102M W
IK Carney
22 4cm axiom 2 100 104 16 154
K 100AM 50 15 10 4

251035
0755 Ans
 É a enters a wooden plank and stops
bullet Cm V
after penetrating certain distance Assuming const
retardation inside the wooden
plonk find work
done by ballet on plank
If
It s
Ead
En sa
Ea
acceleration the bullet
or
q zig
i force on bullet by the wooden block f ma
fi
mfs
force bullet on wooden plank
by
f f
may
work done bye bullet fxs
Mj
The capacity to do work is called energy
ENERGI
There are 2 types of energies kinetic
energy andpotential
energy
Inc energy The energy possessedby a
body by virtue
of it's velocity is called kinetic energy
offsides a bullet moving with velocity v it enters a

wooden block and stops in s distance

 ooden stops
Energy of bullet at as the

gg work it can perform

acceleration of ballet a
02ft
force on bullet f mas
man then force by

the
bullet on plank fr
thy
work done by bullet a
energy of bullet
fxs
w
Its
kinetic
energy k Iman

LEK ENERGY THEOREM

L The sum of works done by
all agents internal external dissipative non dissipative
is equal to the change in kinetic energy of
the system

Proof 1 work done by all forces w fs

S a mas

w JE.d5 Cma mugs mega's

Ym read Ematay
W E
E McKay
 alternate 3 Imf Hiya

A bodyCm is dropped from a height'h above the

ground find it's velocity when it strikes the ground
A
wa ok

Hgh tho O no
v
tagh

of Emts dim find the maximum

n
Cronin thespring

foraging see

I tvf o Cat maximum compression v07

Cains mcvay
we ok
Hk Koe Mvo
N Vote

a
Motogp'm If Initially spring is in
M natural length find minimum
If Sudi that M starts to move
 for kno M
M to move Mmg 7 Do 0

from work energy theorem Ewe ok

WF Tuf Tus EKG Ki
fro Magno EKO 202 O O
f Mmg Kno O

f Mmg kno

umg thing
f my Lt
5 AC 4.8 Mto 2ms 5m

004
2 10 3 M8 10 IK 0

É I t
E spring does watching
Me compression beforeblock
hits so
22 compression whenblock
heavy 0

2X 485
Wg
Wt WactWe Inngx 4 Mmg axroxtftys
wt M 1 961 48 96m 0 i
amount
60 8 1
took0 202 k ka
Enl m
 Wg Wf Iok
1 98 1 14 98 22
Mls
21 10.697 124103363
8 O 045 0.22
Tm v Jim
o zmy
78.4M
t
5
992 n o 115
a

m 1 pm
T.MN o
I
T
É et
et
ang ftp.mggo
Halt Ing y
ME Atm T mga
YI
T
 d
waft Epn
ftp.fdnd
w
gdtbd
We
Im cut us
i
Im land o

v50 read mazy

wa Ok

VE 2500 2 10
guns

40
II y
Hgh
Wantagh
EMUs

2500 800

knee Sn
my o een
É
j 42 04
mg
3,8 N o IM
4 742.9 10cm
he
302M 01m
40M Wgtws mu
of xx

IIIj n
0905 1 0
Eggen
j my of 48ft
 an.si n

see 2 h Shy h Hy
EY Ig no o m v20

II minute
Any
d work done in moving a block from
jogging A to B on inclination bygravity

p
OC D f
my Email mgh
Éworkdonebygravity in moving
block from atoc mgh
in in a 11 in 4 Cto B G

WA B Mgh workdone doesn't depend on

Wac Be mgh to may path
Ciii Wascana Mgh to mghao
f 3mg 342 324 32
Fi ÉlyIom you 10

6224 Ans
A to ÉÉidf be conservative if
by the force
D work done in a round trip
done is independentof the path
work

Not n conservative force doesn't cause lossof energy

2 when conservative force does the work kinetic
energyor system increases when it does ve work KE
de cases
 decreases
3 A force is conservative if xp o

I in
21am
Play 2127
FEE If
derivative of f by
Inf a

variable than n
treating any
as constant
other

9 Allconstant forces are conservative derivatics area

5 It my and a component of a force ere
exclusive functions of a y and z

res ectively
then force the
conservative is

a
prove that
FG 314THEIFLER is
a conservative force
i i k
XF Hannay 2122
32
25 557 FEELEY
ay 2
ÉEÉÉEjnJ_o

cfycome.ci
 fd.ITetenergy of the system by virtueofit's position
or orientation

Explanation body thrown up from ground

consider a
the
such that it risesto a heightof h then y heightabove
d
0
Lets define a quantity mgy
in't th 343 I UE Uzmgh WA B Mgh
Ég Kas Mgh ka mgh pepo WBA thigh
or potential energy of the system

Effie É9 A B
We
work done
by gravity
B A Mgh Mgh
up van we
WP
Vf Vi
VB Va Mgh
mgh

Off Uci Woon

potential energy at a point is not a well defined
quantity

t
Et
 works done
by gravity from AA WBBemgh
VA Ua Mgh and also
Upi Up mgh but VA UB

Generally any point which is conveniently

taken as reference pt
Unf 0
UGA UCD Woon
fÉdr
n

una una
JI de

a A force f a atty f 92k find whether

it is conservative Tot
If it is conserv
alive find difference in p E between
1 3 and 14,5g
The force is conservative 5 6 4,23
didyide
U Cra Ucr ftp.drdf
8

UGA UCD Cdmdads

JEM
r
Y 92

4
u fro voi
fandn Jydy adz
I 2 3
 von von 221,4 2215 9
21
Clo D IED GED
IT 15 22 42 30
2 413
UM
VMTt9296
find
10 as
Potential I
energy
the referencepoint
of a
spring bytaking

lots 3 i
A
n
V6 042
Iko 24
U 2 UG V13 o
Ilan
Wspsing
von UCO
Iko xD
Aven UCO 0

UNAIKOL
By taking a point on ground as referencepoint
find potential energy at a point h heightabove
ground uca var ng tough
riven UCD 0
n
in voting
 By taking
a point at height above ground
as reference find potential energy of m
moss on ground
I 07 W VA 2mg
up o
24 2mg ht
2mg it

Travitationdforabanapatsiigned
as f among by taking.ge find
ggtat
potential energy of the system when they are

d distance apart

ante
dw Idf
in r
a
mit awe do
Gmt
we Idw A mime
dig
I
N

U Cra UG D
wataminfit
W

vers VAD Amm

Lk ti
d
 N O U Cao and
UG Imam

EW CONSERVATION IF ENERGY

Energy can neither be created nor be destroyed

but it can bechanged from one form to another
Proof consider 2 points A and B
1313 Op Ups W
YA
KB KA
UB VA KBTKA

Vtk E constant

met Boy
body
ÉÉy 7
from aheight h
reference
a
By taking ground as
Y

II mgh Ka 0
Eat KatUA
I
EA Mgh

tee mgCh y ke much Imagy mgy

Ec Uct Kc mgh
Musto Kp Imu Imagh mgh KB
EB UB 143 mgh
from and EA EB Ec Hence proved

A
art ÉgeprgÉf with a velocity u

IÉÉ
from A

KÉ mut Unto EA Imu

Kc IMVE IMFU
agyj.zmuzmg vc.mg
y
Ect Ket Vc Ima

ftp mgh tzmu 143 0

mgyg
EB Opt KB mut

from and EA E Ec Hence proved

Atta tea dyF projected from thebottom

vertical
of a circlewith a velocityv

find tension and velocities

at any point p.co
491 fig
 magnet Eg myaso
Ea Ep A is at the reference lend
Inno Aged asa Imu
N Not aged ago v VV agea

as zfradis.T mgasa.me
Tamgasat mute
mgaso myd 2mgClose
T 2mg 13mgand
MY
flong tangent
fee mgsince at 980
VB
find minimum valley
8
J
Mr No such that
body can
e complete vertical circle

mEÉ
At topmostpoint Ttmg Mike
for minimum valueof NB TO at Fe
from LCE EAT EB
IMMA amyl Emge
VA Sgt
 If Vo Ege find theangular
positions where to to

IPV If temp omfg 3mgaso

ITT 0 7 GO D 0 172
v2 not aged Cosa
raft aged ero asa o O
IE
repeat the above Problem for Vo Age
T met 2mg 3mg 90 0 2 360 0 Cosa
tf
o o 4622gal asa 0 1 as a 2
GO I
80

find minimum velocity no with which body is projected to

complete vertical circle if it is connectedto a lightrod
th from work energy theorem
Aid
I Hg at of IX no

fifty Not Tegh Ans

 find O where block loses contact

ÉÉÉ with the hemisphere

part armored
rgaso geoas 0
via
Hgasa MIA gas o
In a

ago asa glace

erased Ang

2mg 3mgasCt01
T
ME
0

Tu
pug any 3mg
ÉÉg am ngst
It 2g 3990 0

g un g ease

tomtit agng.geq a smd Red

1 2
12 120
0
e
oggEis
ma

tom o d
sa
Is
Is agtfg.gg no
geert Ans
 B EA EB
mga
a
a
gift

I
70
A
mlg esriatra aus
Intro
Vo
VagfesinutrF
Into Mglesmotra asaptimua
342
n ng
mys
avo
If II us
60
Nt mg
Zmaglesiatrcrasup Ang 3

i i
Puterdogat 01 0 Or 4m
t
mgyhlsm.OE.sn MsU mqIsisfztry
when the chain slipsdown U
MESSER 4 0
01 0 02 0 412
Un mg Sicotte Sid Kat
 from L.CE.mg Sistp M2fLSincoth smo7tkz
Ks
mgf sink smooth sniff Any

mzu 2K pug Edy dig dog

cz u
m
at
ditty'É ascothEtasogy Even
0 0
at asa ascoten
dw fdr
Ci Cos
at
GI 42 Ans do fdr
f
EQUILUBRIOI
minimum or
The state Potential energyis either
maximum i e f0
Yf
equilibrium i I dud 0
unstable
G Us Umin

4570 f
e

infallible it Foo
U Uman
gg
r

ago
naamm
gi.gg Us const he
E
Shifts from one stateto
anotherwithoutlossofenergy Do
of U anton C f I not CIDUno

fam b f b 2am
1 f
das
if at equilibrium f o b radio no
by
Cii 000 queasy baa 4g As
Powerg The rate at which work is done
P dwldt
I P sedan C unit IIs Walt W

Ciii Horsepower 246W

Pinstontancot 5
Civ
IF Idf Ent

REF h

timing
Ejecta Eton CE
zI XLII
CE
Its tartan t
Etat

Hit

É
Me
1kg movingalong
aeimapat.oind
y

dm
jp fgjjjsx yay
7 8 2531 se en
If 1 10
d
l
 att amis
19 1 2
7 2400 climbs up
the ladder then slidesdown
Jam to the ground friction 3
a work done by ladder
workdone the slide
by
a Werder o E the point of application of force
doesnot moved
slide interacts through N and friction
W glide Wnt Wf so frictionsdisp
FX200710 2yy
IT
i
as 9 10 9
is won
3 Wretforces

Ok

C WF 7 125 825 J
7N F

I
f z 2N 2 201252 2505
Wf
3 5 125 6255
guy y gym yes Wry
g g g g g

DI
find he 0.6932 on
for 39g w
n 5m

dws Zenda we
IIIadn 200m14 zookz
200 0.7 2
Er 1404
 40N work done
find by tension
i
y to to
from taos
20 o
fro at 27 10 mise

Pig Wp sox lox X

Egg
common acceleration theblocky
a
stem
f tf move together
mm
p always
u find us
I 3
2 f
workdoneby f
in moving'd
D
plmtmjg.ME f f MCMtmg.CM
ffy
u
gang
If f mas
Ifa
as we
Efim
payt
160
00 mist
2

É is
m Y
no seem
too

a axis with Gms

A particle m leg is moving along
at no find I work done by all forces
conservative forces
2 work done by
 M Cared 325
D Area Cain
V21 W
OK
04
a

32.5 160 100

Wcom Way O Of
2 Uru 32013

v22
EgiÉÉ x xC1204 8 1001 note
find
a

notcommgression

3 2 no
II
4 find the distance from B where v Volz
oxyxioxx TIME 4
a
Itis t.fm
CAT t tant tot IT 0.213.33
G te 3535 Ay
Ey Ing

find work done

8 D II 1g by
0 0 m tube 9 10 my

wgywtm.ee tm
TFT Wtabe to 1 25 o 1 10 0.2

125 0.2

T Any

Note Ent
A
thiamine boundaries or
mÉ

system whose a EElem

 for all rigid bodies on is d it's geomet
in

d wordone
by gravity

11 14 i 4 folding the

MBE ME
chart
ha C
w
EGE ME

Tiggy
dw
fi dy.gg
mafia
II
411 7
w

t
f3tt

Eta
and u with of d AB
0
34
mIz
Ityun_fI.dyjg.y MEEE
3 find so that chain remains in
71g
equilibrium
u
Is f s m 2mg
139
 ME money a
Metz
o
us un
to
UH Wong
mfg Woon 0
Wang Wpen 0 I Wperson Wars
w
mops person Ars

i iÉÉ
taximeter
p Ixion 0 14
4 2525 70 5202
VE
10 no 4 No 04 I
2 925 0
80722 Not
14
Vo Mts

y Advangd t
II
lengthof

fess MILL
rod on

b find Vo min so that God enters the tough

surface
dw Mmg ndn Wr Mmg 2ft
Wreak Myth TIME no
Lars
 If it is projected with find distance travelled
avo

by front end A on through surface before

the rod stops

was
tiger
ok
tomcat avo
Mt
Uh 4 Not MGL
s
Yg 4Ingt
s
46851,1 35
the total distance A travelled on roughsurface
434 54 2 An

7Iug u 3nt4y No 6614

find I 8
II Y
at

fye to
2g
EntFETEEDU
73 54 Fa 30 48
a Fim
C 191 5 Msn
35h1m1s
B find speed of the particle when it crosses y axis
 when cross y anis x o
particle
No
untttanth so
2
6 21 331 0 124
Ee
Ts C 3 47123 3 WE 5 2 10
MI
C SCENT
3 1 4 1
F Tot 5 Coat Ex I
6 1.5 4 27
2
41 Ans

Gm P2 Fil 30N
IF 15N
g
É
B
find works done by Fi and I

d4 Rdo
fi Gao 2
30 GLAD R do
Iii
180 2
GOLDIE
W 360 Jack dU
O
0 22 180
360
fir 452 510.3 904

310 I 180

doze 15 1121 157 T X3 F

451
 path is circular
co find work done by Fa Cy 2 y
from A to B along thepath T com Ny
F Cry E Yin it D f
e a
F E F O

ITE TEE a AGO

i Work done by force from A to B

axis
IIetry
ut cont
peeve
block doesn't slip find work
mgmo
feet done
by friction in t second
yay we mgsiio.ve Ars
matted
fast G

bodyis projected with

Ki E find the
d work done by friction

m
beforeit stops

I MULE WE 2Elm
AB
It É smothad
AB
mgÉnMGa
umgbom
was
mftt.to sEfIM
O
8 find the frictional force between
bead and string If bed reaches
tf
the other endof the rod in t see F a
a F
f F
5 man are 9 Fln 0 art
me tot bas
om

F may as g Fim ng M ar as

astr
it
e Icar
tf'm 1m 74Mt F

t.LI
2

y IFwhen

length a tension Ti
length an tension tu

find work done in elongating thestring from

netted length to Gaitan

i
anti.it
Icaria
too e
Ticas 107 Tala lo
It 91g loLTE TD Trai Tian
to Ear TIGICTETD
 Eat
IEEE
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w

Lata 71775
t.tt far txima
FIB
W
Igi

1 J
w.EE me

L
t.to
0
might 121428
Mmg 1428 o In 2
19,1
 2MW my

i et13

I 2km
Yea Matan
2km
mgtmg
É 2km

my
32mg

m 4310
or
the mansions

ÉT
body from 2 8 to 16

gg 0 12 8 6 244
slightly greater than 2.4
4 6
24
2436
12
6

8
Initially systemis in equilibrium

compression 2kg must produce

off theground
B 2 2 Telong
if
a
É go
 when 2kg block crosses no
spring startsto
elongate it pulls
3g K2 2 344
z 34
326
m

g EEEÉ a
2g Itm 131 62 4,1620741 14 0

1 202 220
212th 94 0

5 2X 54 202 4 0
non no
Ecm
2
15 Ang

2 Ii find Eman

jpg
y
mycath 2122 0

K2 12mg t 2mgh o

mt
a
Fmgirfi
matrmaghtamght
ÉTdensity d Area of Cls A Speedof liq t

find ECtman
It of dye E d
of stray
udt
 Er 12ha du Audt

T
É i
It whoBy
wakht
a
Tyto find Vomin to move B

K
ftp B
mglsinotmcos0
pmgyomggkno
AI mgnosinotumgnocosotzknf o

tmv
Sinotycos
igniting
x.mg
I knot Imro

3 KNOW
Lf
Mvo h
Vo
MII
ingesigtmas Ff
von
fe.ge tma9
 15

I Eh
M

LIFE I 1
mean
34
4257515 3 1
za at 4
astr
du ft Ddt
r
CE 251st
V
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p
v
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FIX
a

go.gg
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an
 my Emlgsmonifaasay

ate Imcaurgh
i
k
P
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4 70

Eat so

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p.m sCom F mg sino mcosa
5oog 3

500g
Power for 500 9.8 10 49000W
4kW Ayy

10 for diatomic molecule Uca

g go
a a bare

constants Dissociation D UCA Uca

energy
find D
UCA o O no

Al o duldn o duldn o n no
ilbrium f
bx
ax
24 o

G b
HE
 b
Ueno acts bck Tar bha a

NOW DI UCA VEND

D
Eta Ans

202
10392
M findworblock

iffy
areas

4m
fent dong x axis o
LEX 0 Px const

way Dx Maso
um my Ub Vat Vat
CRWcoso o v t Rwaso V
4ft o

w E
Power p 3Ew most 2kg vet07 0
VCE 7 1
FV
soft P 311 E fr may
MEI.V 312
Ivar 21Indt 243 31.431
20228 7 V 2m

Eft A machine gun fires 240 bulletsmin Mbullet 109

Power of the gun 72kW find the velocity

of the bullet
 Power of It EMIT
2 4 Is
bnjet
2xco
4 1540744
v22 3600 100 D 600 MS
Apg

Sole
slit
P Fr y
É
u
3
93
s
371 ans

at

Initial g x
am Ift Fm
find Urd
no
Fent 0 work energy theorem
P const
If 0 k.se
fEmzanush
Va
MVa
2Ub
2mUb O22via
1 Gmvy2
UTE
Va 28

vous Natus
BAILEY Any
34

IEEnadices
montane

jiffy
 mgadtmgtdmgsi.no
N mycosot mum
ME tic mgsince E vsconst
can
B
C P F
ÉÉÉT mgsinov
as
Eg
powerby friction
DT
from energy theorem Wg two D
work
work doneby friction mgr tuf to
Wf Inga
V 421 12 m o

TÉÉÉÉ
4 S i
SN 2 11 0

ÉÉ V's VIT

can
E TTT O

TV STV o via V15

K IME
III
CB power delivered f
by
P doesn't accumulate energy and can only
transmit power
i Power relieved by block Power delivered
by f
p dyck Fox
c ve Po at p the power d blow
i Net power delivered by string o

Dr
 find work done by gravity in
fade a equatingChithe
levels
heights of big
hu A

iii

May A Chi half

oh hi ht
his high high
Wga afchign.fm Ewa mgon

as o o kaon

i ÉÉ
12 1 5m find unstretched
the spring
length of
If block leaves only AFB
my Ty Tgif grooms

ÉgI Imus u Egr 15 miss

R lota
B
Knt MIE ME lo AN
h Ans
sont
ta
lo
20N t lo
n m

Day
21 21314s
 Y
17 Initially spring is an stretch
m
ÉIIÉn m find man compression

mmmm 4mghand 11 2 0
k
El 29 mg tance
z
MEET
compression 22

End he compr eson I equilibrium

amid
2k Go mgsi.no
gÉÉf ÉÉÉÉÉcaailassian 220
Glad
j
find maximum
3 If beads are given
riffing heightby
beads

Yoon
a
aight Extcoto t.gg 2

MEK Coto them Eigg o

dc Id

mvqi.ge
m

n h
mgE g Etta Esto
Ans
122
E
D s M P
I 2
 D
Steffen Msemicirculardise

ENTRE
me
F MAI
a EE
The point with in the boundaries of the system
which moves with an acceleration Efm
YÉf centre of the algebraic sum of
man
mass moments andforce moments become zero
2 It is independent of frame of reference
Internal forces donot affect the notion
of centre of moss
It depends on mass and distribution of

g off centre of mass mass need not be present

ÉFaymament The product of mass and distance

of origin from the mass

Mp I mf Ckgm
2
In flora The productof force and lever
arm II faction
y IIF r lever arm
g
Great 2 body system
 d
mint mold nd o
m ma
any n
Msfmi

em I a Ih particles insp

consider n masses m me Mn
Tim m
ru r

with positions 5,52 Fn X

Letposition of cm be Fi then 2 Mn
Fye T Ta
Ta Ta I

I o MICE a m Cri Fa t macri ri o

Te Mi met tmn Mitt Matt tmnt
m
m

Cole Ye Ze MICHYRD Mr G Y 24 tmacanynzn

mitmat then

see
MINI mast tmnsen
mitmat ma Egypt
yes EMILY Ze
Engize

for continuous mass distributions

 Ifan nasty tufty
re
11
0

G as linear density dude

r Area density dm da
f s volume density dm du

Air and f are constants body is uniform

3 If

resat nasty.ae
a

egg
y
3kg Eir locate c m

Colo lig if X minimise

LIE
re
4 37 Ars

locate cm of the rod whose

may
linear density varies as a att
no
ya
then for the element dm Adn
 Cation dn
as
thement is a
point element
centre of monisata from origin

jam os.gg aiaEI

o5fIyAns
xc

locate centre of man

On of the arc

yo
STI IEgff Easing

t.si4
yes
Ans

for semi circular wire To

C dat
12.112
7_2f
Locate em of a semi
circular disc
IEITAY
EI.IE dA dCtT2J kr.dr
 da IT rdr
moment of the area day
C Y or it

Trdr
27
20 dr

go.SI 5IiE Ex
Ye
YI

I linear man
A Area generated by rotating a
distribution such that every element moves
fr to the length
L linear mass distribution
length of
dem distance travelled
by am

ez semi che wit

yo
GTR
If
A
LF ITR
dont 24N
dem
As u RY TYXXX
2 vs Adam
V volume generated by rotating an areal man

distribution so that every particle moves Into the

plane
A Area of cored mass distribution
dome distance travelled by cm

v Adam
I
Efik Efx n
TY

i A L dom

time
n
an

É
É
locate em Ed
das 2Isinozdz
was

m It
p Yes
2174.154
YY.it oneygIfIaggoars 34
volume of the element dusty'tancedy

yo3475T It Yc Er't E tana

E

di
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Ye Ey
i

3 sad hemisphere
IT
 as
j

Yes 2,23 REI YI EmXII

and f ma
R

small circular portion G is

removed from an edge find

2 c one no

7721
Mz Gemovedportion II m Rd

MEEEEE MATTIE
ss
Far no
go.EE
ME
IIe me
IIe
 Vi
V3
from a sphere A a
in
small spherical portion
is removed at placed
outside the sphere as shown find the shift in
centre of mass
Ethel Mes o
Mi complete sphere FIR
N Cavity volume ayyy Leng att
vz shifted volume e tied 23 312
titty
no
i Ftii

4,1ns
cotions centre of my

Engin
i
Fa differentiating
Cii
Jet EmeimI differentiating
Ciii
act Emimi
from fi Emi To E mini
F EPT

from Iii Emi at Emit

Inet Emia

I of coma f line momentum

In theabsence of external forces the
momentum of system remains unchanged
F
Fent
o F eon
dig

distance travelled
find
by rafter when a
dog
m d distance writ raft
moves
by

It Inattmo

by nc
Mangat que
monitmon
Mtm
one o M II
Ed se o

money
m
Men
 n

MEET

Tfm

of
The
He and ladder are balanced
man
It
1 M
against of the man moves
by a distance up on the
Iii Kim ladder Curt tedder find
Inf the shift in cm of system
 MY t my at M m
y
yea 2M

act
Mititmoymtams n

4
211,3 caused by net upward pad by

support at

as I

we

PHI TEL't'd It
in red
GE Itt's
might BET It
 P
from wedge constraint
sÉBcoK
th
t T

might BE Im.mg

Etom pn
is

V tmta i

fastening
A a E find the velocity
of the block when
Pt is P
M particle moves from
A to B

wet mgr
EI III EI
Pna Agn
 E FETE
Nn
É
of
i
i mumelongation
produced in the
spring
acceleration of cons act
Figg afraid
É
Em.LI IILI tE.IJm ME

CIEIEJEA EE.MX
Gita
EfMÉm
Etta.tt 9
find Iman so that
I E im.i
É system remains stable

FEE
I tour
2 a

ft y
go A man Cm
jumps
Mfi Along the motion 1
out of the trolley CD

oppositeto themotion
Ciii I to the motion
find velocity of trolley Initial velocity of trolley
with velocity of man u Crato trolley
man
yo
For Ii BET
often
before um Umptuff
the law of conservation of linear momentum
from
Mtm Vo Mut m Catv
Vo Mtm
Ctm V MU

thyme Ans

Ein Ifm Esv

Mtm No Mcr a MU

Ctm Vo V Mtm a m

not
v
hem Any N

I É Exe
Ciii
v
FIoun
Mtm Vo Munt Xun I un V0
Along x direction both man and
trolley continueto
 more with same velocity no

or Mf Utoy Muy
o mut Vy Mtm

Vy Mfm Ang

Not unless otherwise stated Vra velocity writ

the

final.tdtofmotion
A
at M frictionless
a
trolley is moving on

track with velocity Vo

a A monkeyedjumped
into the trolley from a treetop find the
velocity of trolley finally Along a axis

t
E Any

i of the buggies AandB

jumps from Atos

Erma Muttra
AyTm su
a wasp
As the man
jumps to to the motion velocity of A
doesn't change.ua
 o
u
It mu Fut Ctm VB
B
Yim
dy 2 4
1
70 30042 40
042 102
so kg shouldbe moved down
by an

4 10 ayyy

2451
g Jiya alot
If
10.239 0.239 106
1177228,04
72 39 105 Mls

HIIIII
E t
to fall down through A

tap
Try
 is left with to T ta
Wo Ma ma to Tt En
Um Yo
Fg
y Ubx Mmt
Ifm
Use
MIFFED
É
tmnitmfa.to

am
a
I s
Mtm Via mu Up FIFO
m
gemutIntuption
CINDY mutmun
ma nun
Tiff
Hmnatimit un

Ostottov
ÉI v ka
I to 44
v0
74 510
aav v
44 20
5,4 40V
VE
velocitigoff velocitisoff
if
D
312
512
39 2 15111
3
2

3
39
N
D 2514
4 Mr 4 3514 4
j 404
5
0
aim
0941 5 45111
If
Tho
CD
A can now the toll for G times

HEI

EmIn CDApplw.E
CMtmnu
mu rn
T
my
might Mun't Iman
pug pug might'nYÉ
v5 a agh
Yifan

i
 g
Te
es
Vy's Un't Vy Vy Nyk Unr

Mg EEEI.iti X EEE

HIa Ang for blokewedge

amenities samerinesea

11 13
has to land on wedge

ICE to I VPEOEI.c
NETICEN ERAYI NGFRAME

consider a system of N particles mime Mn Lettheir

velocities be a ve un then Tea EIging

Ti Tuatha
Ta Tutto k INVITE MNET TEMNUT
To Tutt K E Mi Vil

Is
Treated E Imi Cicotte
EmmetEmmet Imf I Mi WItretatiate

si
 miriam ret tamis Kettering of t
Mri
Kantha
KY kzctz.mg

Ef geinmmenmiscalledimpu1e
I
E dpt Edt
from
GI
f F SdP SFdt
Impulses Area under Ft graph
My
t

A and B are connected

É
I v by a
string 24 and

projected with no tithe

find the speed of a when string just becomes taut

B4 along the
string muse J mu C
J change in momentum impulse

All Ott MV J Mr 6
Moz amv

v
 food
r
Vit
FIVE
EET
EI
g a m
In find the velocity of
M when it breaks
DJ the contact with
M ground when a

small particle em is dropped onto another block

of same mass as shoon
for the falling body my MV
I g mu
PJ
IV
I I
m

Emon
34 or Ot
I Mu v
gym Egg
mu a v
items
v
Itam Gem Than
Tien.me m.YY5 pulled by a force f horizontally
sand is filled in the trolley at a constant rate of
r Kgs find it's velocity as a function oftime

III.EE 8 E It
interval at
during the small Impulse J Fdt

IamYim Fdt
FE LEEIEE.EE
mdut vdm
m

C WICKED
I Inti
hlevr.lt Iy hlmotrtllix

mIEurl hlTtI
Eur MEI
f
ÉfmIrt
ur
f TFri
a

v mFI
 Id theory f ate a system

I utd
get 11 mom

Impulse
É
J

Fat
fat

MI
IÉI
mtdm credit

Cham
mu udm

am
É IEEE d
Et
Fent Fta
Tret dingy

fog
Thrust force fat
Fent
met

Yncetdmgmj.net a constant roof

gas at
Mkgls witha velocity a relative to it findit's
velocity as a function Teifi's initial
velocity 0 no gravity
mdwt E
ft n.gg
III
mdI OtfDGM
 Mdg Mu drama
dnt
jdv ntf.d.mt.at
re
almost

vaunts
És ng physical
interaction during which exchange
of momenta takes place
They can be classified into types
1 Elastic momentum and KE are conserved
2 Inelastic
only momentum is conserved

I In
Nappa u
u
Veep V2 V

a
e
 find coefficient of
restitution

ÉÉdIi Frome

e
E veedo

e
Feet Fla Ans

Duringthata perfectly elastic collision

prove e 1

É o l É Mr

from L c Lim Mia tmmivitman

MILD L Cupar
from law of conservation of K E
mint must miv.tt
mavn micui
viImnCu2 az2
tu Fun
8 U U2 Vat
e
ME
Henceforth
Not A collision is perfectly inelastic when
colliding bodies mergeinto one
I from L C L M
Mint mouse Gitmo V Cavin
e
YIt
Hence e o for perfectly inelastic
Ca for perfectly elastic
practically of est

ILI ID collisions

consider 2 bodies m and ma moving with

velocities on and us after collision their
velocities became n and us

no no É
Mini Many MN t Man

e
If
v2 ecarustv
I
in
miuitmzuamivitm EE.ru ttig
 Vi mitmat Ui mi meet unmfite

0
4
4974,17
4

management
ÉÉy come

visaicmmmInt raaremimigzemme

a
If Mi Mu Fi na Van
velocities are interchanged
If Mi me and Kato

FEEL u

or mist and unto

ur
him as v

a
r
my
 I 0
Itinerant Un
Vc MillimTMmtr

T c and dime

It Ig
travelled by the body before
m
even
é ha eth
I
h
I
d
f

Fg tart reify
t
T

Fg meet
Fg L
FEED
it

E
n
me me me me

n before after
 of
mm
a

mitis collision
normd
Vin uncm
me.IR
anmattt van
uenmicitgfYmf
rind
a

taketa
ancient
solve the above question if coefficient
of friction bln wall and body m

ras emusina

Txftmrasa
 Impulse equation musino Petrino
misinafite
T
Not
J Impulse caused by N J
MJ u not

Ty us a
tangential impulse causedby friction
mucosa MJ mu

mucosa metamrsino Nu
ri v Laso mate sing

tana
exit anti egottessina
m I ate

A bullet Cmu stops after travelling d into

a
fixed block find the distance travelled
by it if the block's placed on smooth
horizontal plane
Let the F
retarding force
W Fda lemur Fda MI
Wblockt ballet DK sup
FLAB FCAD ICMACMTE Imu
bat IAB TBC d

m
L
 fd 4dL m
dkfff.AM

A bodyisthrown with a velocity o find the total

time for which the body keeps hopping Also find the
horizontal distance travelledby in the above interval
of time
sagd t regid 28yd
tent I aggie
ausaid Lite
TIP x.gg ga It
Prove that two bodies of equalmosses move It to each
other if second body is at rest and the oblique
collision is
perfectly elastic

ftp.gttina
u.ms

before cocaine

Hence
u.EjEEqr
proved
rising
 MIT min con mavacosB C

o min sins mounsinp it

ammpsid Cig
collision is elastic
uh vital
E U v Cosatu Gsp
We vicostatricostpt Winesap
Nikos viasat Viasat viscosa cop

CITI E Tsa abt EDGAR

STB 29 0
Snip 313
Sin B 0
9,21
Sittin B 62613 0
cosCate 0

44132MW Henceproved
 Mechanics
Try EMIT
If a
body moves such that translation
it's position vector makes
variable angle with reference A
line then motion of the body Éanslation
rotation
said to be motion
is
rotatory

iffy Idw Ddt

w doldt Judt Jda
3 a woulda Judeo Jade

distance between a particles

If
rigid body
in a
body remains constant then it is called
rigid body
D K IMU
Em You
From

K Elmetmayor I
É on
Katz may
4 a
ÉfÉÉÉy22m22 K
of a
rigid
or
body 4 2 m

on
ICE
Emr
K II Wn 4
I

In case of continuous mon distribution

k I Jdmr or
I Emre Idmrn
discreet continuous

I Inertia of rotation
moment of inertia

a
calculation End'm a am

ÉÉ É É ÉÉE
m'd Linth
q I ttt I nd
reduced man em

Ii tÉÉÉ I
lol mosses each of mass m are placed at
no 1,2 100cm on a massless scale find it's MI
about me min grams
5011
I 21mCD me m3 t M 503 gem
am 12 2 3 t
song gomm
em

I
gon
Eff
Iyo m Giz find Ix Iy and
1 In
IX m44223
G x
m 2 22
Iy
2012 Iz meaty2
completeph
EU.Bbymonda
q.MG Esa
cl.n
find Ix Iy
O

a
and Izzi

Fig a
MEX
20 90,07
0 9
Ix 0
34 Ix 3m94
tea
man
T MEET man Iy g
Iz amat
 PERPENDICULAR AXES THEOREI
The MI of a laming about
perpendicular
a

axis to the plane passing through a point is equal to

sum of MI of the body about an mutually tr
ans lying on the plane and parring through same
point I
proof
Gx
dIx dmya
ans Samy d
font ofscreen
dIy donor
Ix fdman I Iz fdny't femme
dIz demon
Iz Jama
IEIntty
IE Jdm atty

htomÉftÉÉÉtofa rigid body about

an axis is equal to the sum of MI about
a
parallel axis through EM and product
of mas and square of distance between
the E
a
parallel axes o

Ecdm3fdEcYdm rp
r

TÉp ftp re d

I
 rp ME tritatperge I hear

I fame
Is
fdmcrpftretztpc.to
I
fdmktfdmdtaffdmriocy.sc
I Ic Mdm't o

i
Jdmop Ic Jdm Tpc O

I Iet Mds
a

find
agent ofm.int
fig for
II
element
dm 22

II
I
IfÉdn
7 E
Ians
µ E É i I ajanda
I o

I
ID Is man LE
TIME means
 T É
É b
j
II 2I I

Ie
IE
I
GI
of
I
disc
Mi R topview
La A TRY
da stadn
Ere cha dm 2502dm
II dm.se
I 2t0fÉdn
0
b I
25JPY
I
ME
Is I's MEd
I
If

Iggy
gig En
g
Ix
yeoman
a
Ix FR 320m22
 OI ID om ah
Iz I O.M.CI X7 I om x2

EIE
e.mn

Iz 2Ix
135 3 E omw
1333
2
EDM n

gen.tn
EEE2
MII Ty
MI about a diameter Ix

Ix
It Mogy
IEZIX MRI
MI Shell Hollow sphere
of m n
In Sdm 4422 I

y Sdm 22 22 I
Iy

I AZ
3M
not ursine
 A ZTRSince.de

tIYy
Rda
dm 5.25T Sin add
dI fam reside
I 2TIS.imOddIISito
0

It 215124 G'd Shada

25 12
43 z Cosa dz smodo
0 0 2 1 I D IT 2 1

I
soon d

FAX n.pt I I emR2

Collection
Is Mr
of rings
it aintdiam
4 Hm O In
th
toff
consider element of mass dm
a small
Idn
 dI diet dm eh
dmx
drift 1 day't doing
I E 1219 Jian
42

My 74 37 IEM 7
of u find MI
of solid sphere
a

CMR about diameter

any
du t.br dr

1
Kondo
du
mass of the shell element dm
dm f 4T Fdr
MI of the shell element about the axis add
di 3dm r
If 4itÉ'dr
I

I
getting
I ÉM Ans

Alternate untrue My

FEE In E
t
IE OMEE XE.mn
 I
4

Ix
EIgxD
Iz
MII ECommy
y
Ix ME E.CI
Ix
IzIMRf
E
MeI MYIt3yEcomet

may
TI
e
coming
Ix
Mt 352 É I
m

IB
MIAMI
to find MR about an any
indicted.com
Ite Citooogg

FIT
a

Area of the small element da at sina.dz

Man is a is dmaraitsid adz
MI n 11 11 11 dI dm 28min
 Jd I out sit Édz E Sino E
I 14 7 44 7 I
MEI Ans

0 It
solid cone Cm Ritt about

My É the axis indicated

du tamody
f dy

f
dmtif.temd.TT
IHRA
dIdays IEtaio.gg
dyyigat
JdI I Lady I Him

MI of half disc
about central ans

consider another identical half disc that complex

the disc then 41 14121 Emig
I
m
my
1471 41 Imf
 M 4m
a
ME
FEE HI 4m22 a I
mIJ
of
Expression for MI of all identical
peggy
about same axis of rotation remains same.es that
of original bodyrandomdirection
of t
Gt3 mid

I perpendicular to face

find Ict

Indians É

mI of a rectangular plate about an axis

lil to length to to breadth in the planets
2
Is M

MI of a
rectangular plate about an ases Ill to
breadth to to length in the plane Iet
ME
It Int Is
Is
My City
 If Ab then It becomes a square plate
0
1 1

FEE And cube is

square plates
a collection of

t.IM
P
II p
Area
If I Bih A
1 ALDABCD It An
a A2 2A
a Jae Ben
Ey n
q Fel

Assume that this cube is decided

it 8
I
identical cubes skiff kid
I ZI't Etty
 I 81 t
MI
IF u
yet

I_XEqtmI Emt
m
314
cubeabout
Hence MI of a
any axis passing
through Centre remains sames
I I I2 Iz Miz try

IÉ m m.IETcm.y
about the am's shown
t.si
fdz
Mass of element dm
i n
MI of element dI
Ide
dmr

fdI Mysingdz

CYsi
I

G hate
total system such
joss
that Axis lies on
D a
point on lamina is p myo accommodates
a man dm distance of p from a antsy
or
Tyr
2 unit rector along the axis A
A O Sina 052
perpendicular distanceof P from anti rsino
d rsind
d 15 51 T T t
N Y O

Sina
cool
d acosa acosa
using
O

d
viyzosatarcosatansi
Cosa Carty a'sink d 2

3 M I of particle about anis dI

dI dm d
dI dmfnrtyycosztdm.at sink
I fdmcntyy.cosztfdm.sk sink
Jdm coat gamma sink
o

I Izcos2t I sink
I
I É
g find M I of a
ring CMR
about the am's shown
Y
I MR
Ie MII
 I I coat Iy Sink
MR'Cos2
I
ME sink
ME
2Cosatsin'D
I
MRI Citcos2

for a disc Msp

I cos'd
Moffit

of a find M I of a
solid cone M R H
anuran
among
gas Nayland
slant length

mossotentadmaerondy
dm CITY'emiady
32dm on
dry digs dIz

dI dIy sink dIz Cosy

É

dmifsniktzzidmr.az

aziza
II
IIsi.natoaiyy.gr dy
 4
I
Ct5cos27fy4dy.H9TtEr
t.TT
a
FyyI fit 5
7t in

Ii
find MI of Ole
Cm hib about
gII
the vase
G
6
212
b
3 had
n
E
dm xdy.rs i
4 body
dI dm y 42 3
bo
dy
I
boys É b
In.ie
I
 Hd E Ea
Ea
I
NÉE
TITEL Any triangle can be replaced
by 3 equal placed at the midpts
of the sides ONLY TO FIND MI
y 4
M find MI of a

henigon of Massa
a side'd about the
G axis indicated

Henegone 6 equilateral ones

each Ole
mess of
MI Mi
Mig
ml

mi
Gta 4xya 6
79 t a
 6
154 1
Et
I

97,444023
1
0
232
1

Is
i
4345 Mfg
Ictmg mg IeI
Iv Iet md

Eat mg
Ea

mi mi
fat
a
Et fam
LET ME
IEMED
I 3
3mg t
get 81 84 712 2

L
 L
n

m t9t2t64

mom
381
7093 1 9243,8

23140
1

Approach I 1,3 2

F
Cig 3gayÉÉ
G Ic
É

IE mo
g

É
É s

IE
If Tx fax TE Iata
hey
find MR about an
arts through centre
ya It to the plane

Ixine Cm a
 24
Method I KM at
MI of bigger Ole about it'scentroid
centroid

to
centroid
Figole Ik4ItMa
IGI It Mar

IZMAIL
yes I ME

D
Gyrating radius
K VIT
of gyration k
ring
FAM
RYz
2 Disc
of
sedation
4 sphere
Q
ER
É É m

Cylinder of Itt

III
6 cube 96
 i m 73 43kg

26
28
33

I II.mn
torque

EEj EIIEFxEfdI
force x lever arm
F Pmd EXE
C It is a rector I unit N m

torque a axis J Exton

I component of Tx E along the axis
a unit rector along the ants
 E Etf but EXE.no
of ELLET
I
Hence door doesn'trotate
so torque due to f about the arty
rotational equilibrium
If net torque on a
body is zero

then the body is in rotational equilibrium

E fo
Itai festal and transitory g
opposite forces q EI to
N bodyrotate
K
E
Ef 0
g
accelerates

at position a bind
IÉg
ÉÉtÉt o.a

fdi t flood
Torque due to a
and growth
If
Ig made tmgesina

i a GED in equilibrium find

 Tod
Ma most rod
of ma particleplaced on

qÉÉgÉImgc.sn tin o
Mg I E It

mg.tn o
tu to
mgz
may Tr
MI

ÉÉÉg tf
Tin t MgCE n Tr CLM O
Tr CL n Tin Mg CE N
Ta Mtm g Ti
on
Thingy Con
a

Ti M X MGLE D GMG

tegmen
T

Tety Itymyg
solve Hc verma rotational mechanics
 Exercises onto
i

358 Nym I FXX Nem

a
FIST Any

to
Ja 54 Nom
i 0.54 Nm ACW
Ans
o z
F M
x4 y
tcos y
a T.gg T Hinge reaction

go.IE for equilibrium

NYT Igtgm Ttt Cosa 2mg C
since X H

E E
core
task
G x D
549Hmo ya amg
Yt
Smg
3mg

the Faya

mqttnts EE
ÉE
T X C my Y
rectangular plate Cm 9 b

About O Tmgbz Ta o T mE An

meter
As
sigh
to my Fate

fk 4
rough

i
V
Cont

gooo
i IYET.no o

Jus mgginag
It In mgside Acw
 I py

Yi421
ÉÉÉ
fact
ÉÉÉE
as 0

Him

Int o
Ii y
a f ing
X 2 0
127
0 75
12 0
4
x
3 24 14 37ft
R Ttx may 332
94 973
8 4.9 3 2 1.4

find M
IET
smooth
em In
Nz f
ftp.jp.
f MN
omn.in
T
I d su
8 I Mg di Nada
Cosa
0
Nelson o
Mio
I Ans
N2 Macof
I
 It In Im should be below F

afd fda o
dz di C
FRED di y Ct 4 da we
MY C o 32 8 0
y
MI AI
If axis is taken at the bottom of rod then
E
FEED My Fenty o

mtg ay antsy o

3N Y 0

It is always preferred
tÉÉaxis through cm otherwise
If
torque due to pseudoforce must be considered

Ein
misfit 1 mg
a
MN
Na
YE
Me
is
Mg
0

MI Na

na 253
Mag m e
As
I
find minimum
ÉÉ É value of M between
floor and rod
such that system
remains in equilibrium

for equilibrium Ex Fyi

Ijj
É 855
mg
ay an 2mtM g C

mgcof mnsinecoso.gg

At the contactbetween rods vertical

don't exist components
4 0 an Emtng
N
EMEI
G Mgcosy N Cosa a
Insino
M cord
a
myyato
cotof emmtmygy.CImJcota
 forcesint

N f tomo

cosa IIII.fm
I f coat siege tt my
Iott Img

g gs oga
oft t
maJNAsm3ay
É
1am about Ed a
g
consider a
rigid
body rotating about
a fixed axis
Let P be a particle
of mess m and radices r

The tangential force at P be F

then torque I of
tangential acceleration of the particle a ra
 Is 2 Ma mood may
the net IT Emo
torque a
Cdt cont
EJ CEMIL
IA
Tret
Angu lar momentum
Moment of momentum is defined as angular momentum

sine d
goatherd'snineofaction
ca
e a mud a Mussina Tx MT
D FXM

gula entumfa igd.by affined

and

É
To consider a particle of mom
r distance away from
any

it's velocity re ow

angular momentum is mud

min
then for the entire rigid body angular momentum

El I EmrDW
I IT I KID
 Relation atween tand

l IN time
differentiating o r t
Idf Gta
Ia E JAG

I d

IIIII and radius th

a small block m
M I I

is supported
Im tea by a
string which is wound
kg around the wheel as shown

find 4 Tension in the

string
acceleration of the block
a Mg Ta ma
TR IL
torqued
TE
EL
A point on theouter rim of thedisc has an acceleration Ry
a pointon the string in contact with the discs a
i a Ra 32 90
t
Tata ÉÉj
mg Iaas mass mga a
Lmt 124
a Thapa Art
 T T
Fcm pay miff Ans

d
T2

Iii It
it assume
where
no sappingany
at mi
y y Mata

MI Ti Mig Mia

Mag Trynna
I
Is Tak TIR Iq I TI Iga
and in mug ma mia mig
Iga
a
ftp.tmitma Cma
mD a
LmImImYg Ars

Ti Migt MTIETINI G

Ti mg Ang

Tar Mag Mia

ma
Li Lita
LEImÉI
Ta mo
Ans
 Itta
A disc CMM rolls down a
dany
no slipping shown find it's acceleration and
wane
tension in the string ta 0

my T ma
Et Ia MRI a
ray
I TX
T
Mia
ME
mg mga ma
my a 2 m
3mg T
Ans

44 344
8 m a rod Mil is hinged at 44
frontithe end C Find hinge reaction initially
and Lii as a function of a
4
754
T.tt
g.a.ax Mahatma
4 L YEN
my y o g 33 1244
ma

Y 7134.20 a 391 mg y mat 9 8

4
410 49 0
121 34

ath
I
 t
there
AYEEEImai
i
in

mgsind
42 fd.rs
3y
Rs
7 12
About
n
ME a Ri
MI
II Ear r.se

my cord
mg Go
matter
er Ranged
Hinge reaction R Ftse ng
toffee
nM Pd
i
 all 9A find initial
FTsmooth hingetreation
m.it a accelerationand
28 Imitjgmtg Tension

EE T a
4A
being t ma

A t

g ng
T
my my

IÉ mg me

At the free end

a

ofthe rod
ÉA 4 a

a a Eat I
Mg Ta ma
t
3
92 457 a

a L 4 3
38 A
4
 tTÉ
ng gg yygng.my
Eigg
910
AT A rod ofmoss m y
1 me
is pivoedatomend
It is released from
horizontal position find it's hinge reaction as a

function of O Comgle with horizontal

he Since

at LW 3gsince
ingest Yg mgs

Along radim Ra mgsinem.kz 3mg

2inEmgsind
Rz
take aby I
RI 4 78.2 RE ED

EY X mat at zoos are

Hgcosa Miz 1M 41 gases
M
R 991
 x mgT tF
R R.tn

COMBINED MOTI CGENERALMOTI

IG a
body is in translation and rotation simultaneously

then it is said to be in combined motion

ÉTEDILI
About i the rod

to t.ms
ifeng.is'amgggined
zmIywhttzYf k
mIIcitj meyy qnemoment T
7N
44

merit I
Along radius f mgsince O
tin
about.io LmI1
m

E. Hgeoso
7Mt
La
12gal
Along tangent Ct to the length
mycoso Na Mat
from constraint relation at Id
3 3m
mgaso N
mtg ftp 12ggsa
gco
NE3mg mgGo

N ng auf 31 Engage
A
Fern

t.fi
mtg
work energy theorem main
mg sino t.fm t7I w2
II oh
Sino was 24,95in o
Mg 74,422
Ident forces Ctr to the lengthy
cosa
mg I may
G
ÉÉi mg
sina.m.tw
my4gf uN
mgsinT'Gmgino
unsigned
from constraints
Torqueabout_
God
 t 2 Torque about c

N
ng

nothing
pg cosa goose bet Is
myIggy
N

N
Icsd m.am osa
13myind
M tano

A disc rotates

rough
frigid through an angled
beforelosing contact
find d mind
maybe ing he RCI case

HgtCi Cosa I 24124W Rw 49g Ci cosa

Agcoso
f Mro 7000 4

y ascend
Cosa
pose 444
3Cod 4 4 Cosa

of
 dat 2Irdr dm o da Ze rdr
Na dong 259g 2 do godot
ft MN sitting rdr
Torque due to friction It fr among Fdr
7 2171 9 Mj 5234.19 f I
11J
a M FEET EYE
O
we
Of 0 J
t
4j gig
c c c s y
a

To
i
rod Mil is supported shown
A by 2 strings as

If 2 is cut find the tension in the other string

immediately after a is at

E mg T Cosa may
Tsina max
FI t
II
Teoso 746.4 TAO ca

for point o along the string acceleration o

ax Sino ay Coot Loose 0

Tgif g Tod cos.at 67 82 to

Simd come 130yd goose

t Etta ans
 In
I É
jÉ
In the absence of external torque the
conserved
angular momentum of system remains
ANGULAR MOMENTUM IN COMBINED MOTI

Ja ve
d É
parents Iw te mud muirsino
Fx Mta

In combined motion rotation and translation

takes place simultaneously
I IT Tame Iwtmved

myth
A
with minim
Co u along a

horizontal plane find it ang p

about P T.IS 1 tmr.r ans IF
a repeat the above question of EACH
latmun Imru if
rolling
Ru
Étt
In ru
v o Il sup
or up
 If the point of contact of a rellable body with
the floor doesn't slip then it is said tobein pure
rolling
C It up C Rw the body is undergoing
backward slipping
I It up C Eru the body is
undergoing
forward slipping
a

i
of
ÉI
A sphere Chirino is
gently placed on a rough
horizontal surface find it's speed when it
starts pure v rolling
A o

É
LE MATIN O Emiko 0
MUR t Emma
If V RW CAs the sphere
is in pane rolling
If murtemnir a
fit
All torques about P ed ont Tent 0
li er 4.41400
a
FXX
 U 31200 Ang

E
e
YE UR
I
IE p l mvr
girty Fr
body stops rotation
off v About p jigggggerspeed
Las MUIR

Net torque about Po from conservation of

momentum 11 12
angular
Hix mX ve's
Ate at musk 13mi
3mbar
l 13

GE
É

collision w remains constant but directionof V

During
Mur
changes s At t Emmy
f MVR Mur

1123min
At Sphere starts pure rolling
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About o 5 0 4 12 3 HE
v1 34 Ans