GROUP TWO (2)

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE – 11521348

HARRIET APPIAH KUBI – 11520518

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

2 BED BATH

 Bed bath means bathing a patient who is confined

to bed and cannot have the physical and mental
capability of self-bathing
 Bath is the act of cleaning the body.
 Baths are given for both hygienic and therapeutic
purposes

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

 PURPOSE
3
 To cleanse body of dirt, debris and perspiration
 To refresh the body stimulate circulation
 To regulate body temperature
 To provide tactile stimulation
 To provide comfort and relaxation of the body
 To enhance self-confidence of the patient
 To induce and promote sleep
 To prevent pressure sores

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

4 PURPOSE CONT.
 To remove toxic substances from body surface
 To maintain an effective nurse-patient relationship
 To give health instruction to patient
 To remove unpleasant odors due to perspiration
 To relieve fatigue
 To prevent contractures by giving exercises
 To minimize the skin irritation

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

5 PATIENTS NEEDING BED BATH

 Unconscious or semiconscious patients

 Post-operative patients
 Patients with strict bed rest
 Paraplegic patients
 Orthopedic patients in plaster – cast and traction
 Seriously ill patients

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

6 FACTORS AFFECTING THE SKIN

 Impaired self-care
 Immobilization
 Exposure to pressure and moisture
 Vascular insufficiency
 Reduced sensation
 Nutritional alternation
 Constrictive external devices

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

7
TYPES OF CLEANSING BATH
 Total Bed bath: bathing of a patient who is confined to bed
 Therapeutic bath: doctor specifies the temperature of the
water, medications to be added and the body part to be
treated
 Partial bath: cleaning particular areas in the body part
(usually the face, axilla, and genitalia, upper and lower-limbs)
 Self-administered bath: this is same as in bed bath except
the patient is assisting in taking bath
 Bathroom bath: allowed if patient has enough strength and
confidence for self-help to withstand procedure
LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022
8 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
 Explain the procedure to the patient
 Maintain privacy of the patient
 Put off the fans and close the windows and doors to avoid
chill
 Do not give bath immediately after lunch
 Cleaning is to be done from the cleanest area to the
less clean area
 The temperature of the water should be about 43oC –
46oC
LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022
9 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS CONT.

 A thorough inspection of the skin and back is

necessary to find out early signs of pressure sore
 Use soap which contains less alkali
 Special attention must be given to the creases and
folds and bony prominences between fingers and toes
and pubic region
 Remove the soap completely to avoid the drying effect
of the soap on the skin

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

10 GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS CONT.

 Do not touch the body with wet hands it can be

unpleasant to the patient
 Use appropriate creams or oils to prevent drying or
excoriation of the skin
 The nurse should maintain good posture and
balance of the body during bed bath

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

11 PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT

 Identify the patient and assess the need

 Check doctors order for any specific precautions
 Assess the general condition of the patient
 Assess the patient’s ability of self-help
 Assess the patient’s mental status to follow
directions
 Check the patient’s preference for soap, powder, etc.

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

12 ASSESSMENT CONTINUES

 Check whether the patient has taken the meal in the

previous one hour
 Find out the available articles in the unit
 Provide privacy avoid draught and maintain proper
light
 Teach the patient and relatives about personal
hygiene

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

 PREPARATION OF THE PATIENT AND
13
ENVIRONMENT
 Explain the sequence of the procedure to the patient
 Close the windows and doors to prevent cold
 Arrange the necessary items at the bedside
 Maintain room temperature which will be must
comfortable for patient
 Adjust the height of the bed to the comfort of the nurse
 Bring the patient to the edge of the bed and towards the
nurse to prevent overreaching
LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022
14 PREPARATION OF THE PATIENT AND
ENVIRONMENT CONT.

 Provide privacy by means of curtains

 Offer bed pan or urinals if necessary
 Keep the patient flat if the condition permits remove
extra pillows and back rest
 Remove the personal clothing and cover the patient
with the bath blankets

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

15 EQUIPMENT

 Basins – 2 (big 1 and small 1)

 Soap and soap dish
 Wash cloth – 2
 Bath towels – 2 and Face towel – 1
 Bath blanket or sheet – 1
 Surgical spirit and powder
 Nail cutter, Comb and oil
 Kidney dish or paper bag
LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022
16 EQUIPMENT CONT.

 Jugs – 2
 Bucket – 1
 Clean bed linen
 Clean dress for patient
 Bucket or a laundry bag
 Bath thermometer – 1

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

17 PROCEDURE

 Explain the procedure

 Remove the patients dress, cover with bath sheet
while removing top sheet and dress
 Mix hot and cold water in basin half full and check the
temperature with the back of your hand
 Spread face towel around neck
 Wet sponge towel and clean after removing excess
water

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

18 PROCEDURE

Clean body in following areas:

 Face
 Arms
 Chest
 Abdomen
 Back
 Legs
 Pubic and perineum
LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022
19 FACE

 Wet and apply soap to forehead, face, over and

behind ear and neck
 Clean eyes from inner to outer canthus
 Rinses sponge towel and allow patient to wipe face
 Dry with face towel, replace at head end of bed

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

20 ARMS
 Place towel lengthwise under the farthest arm if there
is an IV line, do not disturb it
 Take soapy bath mitt and soap the arm and axilla
 Massage the pressure areas
 Place the hand in basin of water to wash
 Rinse and dry well, paying attention to skin under
breast
 Recover with towel
LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022
21 CHEST

 Avoid unnecessary exposure

 Cover chest with towel and turn bath sheet down to
abdomen
 Wet chest and apply soap in rotatory movement,
paying attention to skin creases
 Remove soap thoroughly by wiping from neck to
chest
 Dry with bath towel
LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022
22 ABDOMEN

 Fold top sheet up to supra-pubic region and cover

the chest with bath towel
 Wet and clean abdomen with soap
 Clean umbilicus and dry with bath towel
 Cover the patient with top water and remove towels

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

23 BACK
 Turn the patient on side or left lateral position. Close to
edge of bed, with back towards nurse
 Expose back including buttocks, spread bath towel on
bed, close the patients back
 Wet the area and apply soap with rotatory movements
clean and remove soap and dry the area
 Give massage by applying firm pressure with palms and
fingers from sacrum to shoulder in sequence, covering whole
back
 Help the patient to return to supine position
LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022
24 LEG

 Uncover the farthest leg and place towel under leg

 Apply soap to the leg and give special attention to
the groin
 Massage the pressure points
 Place foots in basin of water to wash
 Rinse and dry well, paying special attention in
between the toes
 Repeat the procedures on the near leg

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

25 PUBIC REGION

 Clean pubic region with wet large rag piece (for

helpless patient)
 Permit patient to clean if so desired
 Discard rag pieces into large K-basin
 Give perineal care for helpful patient

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

26 AFTER CARE
 Provide clean gown and pajama
 Replace articles after cleaning
 Discard dirty water in sluice room
 Clean the bed linen if needed
 Offer a hot drink (coffee or tea) if permitted
 Position the patient for comfortable and proper
alignment

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

27 AFTER CARE CONT.
 Cut short the finger nails and toe nails
 Comb the hair and arrange the hair
 Hand wash
 Record the procedure in the nurse’s record with time,
date, type and abnormalities noticed

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022

28

THANK
YOU

LYDIA APPIAH BAFFOE & HARRIET APPIAH KUBI 1/4/2022