Hijos de Rizal

Reporters:

GROUP LEADER:
SANTOS, LIAM WEILAND

GROUP MEMBERS:
LI, PRECIOUS ANNE R.
ALOB, JUAN MIGUEL
DELOS REYES, JHON ANDREW A.
CERRILLO, JHON WENDELL G.
LLANDA, LYANNE
MERCADO, JOSHUA
THE GREAT NOVEL
AND THE FIRST
HOMECOMING
THE NOVEL; NOLI ME
TANGERE
 Liam Weiland Santos

Rizal proposed a book writing project to the

Filipino members of the Circulo Hispano Filipino.

When details were discussed during the meeting,

most of the members wanted to write about the
characters and activities of the Filipino women.
Most of them were not interested in Rizal's
proposed project.
 Liam Weiland Santos

Rizal decided to write the book by himself. He did

not lose hope, using his talent and writing skills he
started to write his masterpiece the, "Noli Me
Tangere".

He managed to finish the first half of the Noli Me

Tangere in Madrid.
 Liam Weiland Santos

He continued writing in Paris where he was

inspired through the immortal declaration of the
rights of man, that had been passed and being
implemented. He finished it in Germany where
scientific research and philosophy were free from
the church and state control.
 Liam Weiland Santos

The Noli Me Tangere was printed in Berlin because

Rizal was short of funds. He was charged P300.00
for 2,000 copies. His friend Maximo Viola offered
to pay the amount and the book was finally
released in March 1887.

"Noli me tangere" is a Latin phrase that Rizal took

from the Bible, meaning "Touch me not." In John
20:13-17,
 Liam Weiland Santos

It was published in 1887 in Berlin. The novel is

commonly referred to by its shortened name Noli.
The English translation of Charles Derbyshire was
titled The Social Cancer, although some other
translations retain the original Latin.
Summary
 Juan Miguel Alob

Having completed his studies in Europe, young Juan Crisostomo Ibarra

came back to the Philippines after a 7-year absence. In his honor, Captain
Tiago threw a get-together party, which was at- tended by friars and other
prominent figures. In an unfortunate in- cident, former curate Father Dámaso
belittled and slandered Ibarra. But Ibarra brushed off the insult and took no
offense; he instead politely excused himself and left the party because of an
allegedly important task.

The day after the humble party, Ibarra went to see María Clara, his love
interest, a beautiful daughter of Captain Tiago and an affluent resident of
Binondo, Manila. Their long-standing love was clearly manifested in this
meeting, and María Clara cannot help but reread the letters her sweetheart
had written her before he went to Europe. Before Ibarra left for San Diego,
Lieutenant Guevara, a Guardia Civil, revealed to him the incidents preceding
the death of. his father, Don Rafael Ibarra, a rich haciendero of the town.
 Juan Miguel Alob

According to the Lieutenant, Don Rafael was unjustly accused of being a heretic, in
addition to being a filibuster-an allegation brought forth by Father Dámaso because
of Don Rafael's non- participation in the Sacraments, such as Confession and Mass.
Father Dámaso's animosity against Ibarra's father was by another incident when
Don Rafael helped out on a fight between a tax collector and a student fighting, and
the former's death was blamed on him, although it was not deliberate. Suddenly, all
of those who thought ill of him surfaced with additional complaints. He was
imprisoned, and just when the matter was almost settled,he got sick and died in jail.
Still not content with what he had done, Father Dámaso arranged for Don Rafael's
corpse to be dug up and transferred from the Catholic cemetery to the Chinese
cemetery, because he thought it inappropriate to allow a heretic such as Don Rafael
a Catholic burial ground. Unfortunately, it was raining and because of the
bothersome weight of the cadaver, the men in charge of the burial decided to throw
the corpse into the lake.
 Juan Miguel Alob
Meanwhile, in Captain Tiago's residence, a party was being held to announce the upcoming wedding of
María Clara and Linares. Ibarra, with the help of Elias, took this opportunity and escaped from prison. But
before leaving, Ibarra talked to Maria Clara and accused her of betraying him, thinking that she gave the
letter he wrote her to the jury. Maria Clara explained to Ibarra that she will never conspire against him but
that she was forced to surrender Ibarra's letter to her in exchange for the letters written by her mother even
before she, Maria Clara, was born. The letters were from her mother, Pía Alba, to Father Dámaso alluding to
their unborn child; and that she, Maria Clara, was therefore not the daughter of Captain Tiago, but of Father
Dámaso.

Afterwards, Ibarra and Elías boarded a boat and left the place.
Elías instructed Ibarra to lie down and the former covered the
latter with grass to conceal the latter's presence. As luck would
have it, they were spotted by their enemies. Elías thought he
could outsmart them and jumped into the water. The guards rain
shots on the person in the water, all the while not knowing that
they were aiming at the wrong man.
 Juan Miguel Alob

María Clara, thinking that Ibarra has been killed in the shooting
incident, was greatly overcome with grief. Robbed of hope and
severe disillusion, she asked Father Dámaso to confine her into a
nunnery. Father Dámaso reluctantly agreed when María Clara
threatened to take her own life. demanding, "the nunnery or
death!" Unbeknown to her, Ibarra was still alive and able to
escape. It was Elías who had taken the shots. It was Christmas Eve
when Elias woke up in the forest, gravely wounded and barely
alive. It was in this forest that Elias found Basilio and his lifeless
mother, Sisa.
Characters of Noli
Me Tangere
 Joshua Mercado
Crisostomo Ibarra – Also known in his full name as Juan Crisostomo Ibarra y
Magsalin, a Filipino who studied in Europe for 7yrs, the love interest of Maria Clara.
Son of the deceased Don Rafael Ibarra. The most important character in the novel
manifesting in him the Filipino who acquired European idea through his education in
Europe.

Don Rafael Ibarra – Known in the plot as a concerned citizen and property owner who
was the father of Crisostomo Ibarra. Padre Damaso who played an antagonist role
called him a heretic and rebel due his view on relating to liberalism in society.

Elias – Ibarra’s mysterious friend, a master boater, also a fugitive. He was referred to at
one point as “the pilot”. He wants to revolutionize his country. In the past, Ibarra
grandfather condemned his grandfather of burning a warehouse, making Elias the
fugitive he is.
 Joshua Mercado
Maria Clara – Maria Clara De Jos Santos, Ibarra’s sweetheart, the illegitimate daughter
of Father Damaso and Pia Alba. In her, Ibarra has fallen in-love, she also mirrored the
Filipina woman of religious upbringing and orientation, and through her love to Ibarra,
and she represents true fidelity and religiosity of the woman in real Filipino society.

Father Damaso – Also Known in his full name as Damaso Verdoglagas, Franciscan
friar and Maria Clara’s Biological father. An antagonist in Character and represent the
un-Christian works of the catholic friars who are in the church and also the scandalous
relationship between the old priest and Kapitan Tiago’s wife.

Sisa – The mother of Basilio and Crispin, who became insane after losing her sons. She
represented in the novel a sad plight of the Filipina mothers losing her 2 sons, Basilio
and Crispin. In the novel, Sisa Looses her sanity.
 Joshua Mercado
Basilio – The elder son of Sisa.

Crispin – The younger son of Sisa who died from the punishment of the
soldiers from the false accusation of stealing an amount of money.

Pedro – Abusive husband of Sisa who loved cockfighting.

Kapitan Tiago – Also Known in his full name as Don Santiago de los
Santos the known father of Maria Clara but not the real one, lives in
Binondo. An illegal opium trader who subsequently was a landlord. He
represented a different view in religion and thus, more of a businessman
who used his money to work for him even in religious life and obligation.
 Joshua Mercado
Pilosopong Tasyo – Also known as Don Anastasio, who previously studied philosophy
and is believed to be crazy by most of the community. he potrays the role of a
philosopher who was completely misunderstood in many aspects, he argues with the
belief of the Catholic Church and social changes in the novel. He respects Ibarra and
gives him valuable advice, and also helped Ibarra's father before him.

Doña Victorina – His full name Victorina delos Reyes De Espadaña, a woman who
passes herself off as a peninsulares. Wife of Don Tiburcio de Espadaña, known in the
novel as a trying hard rich woman of life. This king of character was manifested on
some Filipino of that time.

Don Tiburcio – Spanish husband of Doña Victorina who was limp and submissive to
his wife, he also pretended to be a doctor.
 Joshua Mercado
The School Master – A teacher at San Diego who’s view in the novel
represented the weak and useless education in the Philippines. He
attributes the problem from facilities and methods of learning that the
friars implemented in the country.

Tandang Pablo – The leader of the rebels, whose family was destroyed
because of the Spaniards.

Padre Sibyla – Also Known Hernando de la Sibyla a Filipino friar and he

describe as a short and has fair skin. A priest serving in the Binondo
district in the city of Manila.
 Joshua Mercado
Padre Salvi – Also known in his full name as Bernardo Salvi, a secret
admirer of Maria Clara.

The Alferez – Chief of the Guardia Civil. Mortal enemy of the priests for
power in San Diego.

Doña Consolacion – Wife of the alferez, another woman who passed

herself as a peninsular, best remembered for her abusive treatment of Sisa.

Captain-General – No specific name the most powerful official in the

Philippines a hater of secular priests and corrupt officials and a friend of
Ibarra.
 THE FIRST HOME
COMING
WIITH ALL BEAUTIFUL MEMORIES OF HIS FIVE YEARS OF TRAVEL TO
FOREIGN LANDS, RIZAL COULD NEVER FORGET THE PHILIPPINES, HIS
FATHERLAND.DURING THE TIME HE WAS ABROAD, HE STUDIED ,
ACQUARED KNOWLEDGE AND LEARN FOREIGN LANGUAGE, ENJOY
THE FRIENDSHIOOF MANY GREAT MEN OF THE WESTERN WORLD.
Jhon Andrew Delos Reyes

HE DECCIDED TO RETURN TO CALAMBA

FOR THREE REASONS
1. TO OPERATE HIS MOTHER’S EYES.
2. TO HELP FILIPINOS TO UNDERSTAND THEIR
SITIUATION O-N SPANISH REGIME BY HIS
NOLI ME TANGERE AND OTHER WRITINGS.
3. TO KNOW THE TRUTH ABOUT WHY
LEONORA RIVERA REMAINS SILENT WHILE
HE WAS IN ROME.
 Jhon Andrew Delos Reyes

ON JUNE 29, 1887 RIZAL NOTUCE HIS FAHTER

THAT HE WILL COMEHOME. HE EXPECTED TO BE
IN PHILIPPINES BY AUGUST 15 TO 30 1887

RIZAL BOARDED THE STEAMER DJEMNAH ON

JULY 3, 1887, THE SAME SHIP WICH BROUGHT HIM
TO EUROPE 5 YRS AGO , RIZAL WAS THE ONLY
FILIPINO AMONG THE PASSENGERS WHO CAN
SPEAK MANY LANGUAGES .
 Jhon Andrew Delos Reyes

REACHING SAIGON, HE TRANSFERRED TO ANOTHER

STEAMER HAIPHONG WICH WAS BOUND FOR MANILA PN
AUGUST 2, 187, HE REACH MANILA ON AUGUST 6, AND
WAS WELCOMED HEARTL BY HIS PARTENS, RALATIVES
AND FRIENDS. HE RETURN TO CALAMABA AND ON
AUGUST 8. HE WROTE TO BLUMINTRIT “ I HAD A
PLEASANT VOYAGE, I FOUND MY FAMILY ENJOYING
GOOD HEALTH AND HAPPINESS.IT WAS GREAT SEING
EACH OTHER AGAIN. THE SHED TEARS OF JOY AND I HAD
TO ANSWER THEIR THOUSAND QUESTIONS AT THE SAME
TIME”
 Jhon Andrew Delos Reyes

IN CALAMBA HE BUILD HIS OWN MEDICAL CLINIC WITH HIS

MOTHER AS HIS FIRST PATIENT WHO WAS ALMOST BLIND. HE
OPERATES HIS MOTHERS EYES BUT HE CAN’T DO IT CAUSE
HER MOTHER EYE CONTRACTS WERE NOT RIPE YET.

HE WAS CALLED “DOCTOR ULIMAN” BECAUSE HE CAME FROM

GERMANY. HIS PROFESSIONALS FEES WERE REASONABLE
EVEN THE “GRAITS” FOR THE POOR. ALSO HE OPENS A
GYMNASIUM FOR YOUNF FOLKS TO INTRODUCE EUROPEAN
SPORTS, GYMNASTICS, FENCING, AND SHOOTING SO AS TO
DISCAURAGE TIME BEING SPENT ON COCKFIGHTS OR SABONG
AND GAMBLING.
Trouble in Noli
Me Tangere
Jhon Wendell Cerrillo

Trouble in Noli Me Tangere

The Governor General of the Philippines,
General Emilio Terrero asked Rizal to explain
about the subversive ideas contained in the
Noli Me Tangere. He denied the charges and
explained that he merely exposed the truth but
he did not advocate subversion.
 Governor General
Terrero read the novel
and found nothing
wrong with it.
Nonethless, he had it
banned when reports
were submitted to him
by the Commision of
Censorship calling for
its censorship.
 The Attacks of
Noli Me Tangere
 Jhon Wendell Cerrillo

Salvador Fort printed copies of the Commision’s

report and Fr. Jose Rodriguez printed eight
pamphlets under general heading “Questions of
Supreme Interest (Custiones de Sumoditues)”.
Many Filipinos were forced to buy but they did not
believe these Anti-Rizal pamphlets. The Noli Me
Tangere was also attacked in the senate of the
Spanish Cortes.
 Jhon Wendell Cerrillo

It was also vociferously attacked by the

Spanish academician, Vicente Barrantes,
who was one a ranking official of the
Philippines.
 DEFENDERS OF NOLI
ME TANGERE
THE NOLI ME TANGERE HAD ITS GREAT DEFENDERS WHO
BRAVELY CAME OUT TO PROVE THE MERITS OF THE
NOVEL AND TO ENLIGHTEN THE UNKIND ATTACKERS.
THEY WERE THE REFORMERS IN FOREIGN LANDS LIKE
 MARCELO H. DEL PILAR
 GRACIANO LOPEZ
JAENA
 MARIANO PONCE
 DR. ANTONIO
 MA.REGIDOR
 PROFESSOR FERDINAND
BLUMINTRIT
 DR.MIGUEL MORAYTA
 DON SEGISMUNDO
 FATHER SANCHES OF
ATENEO
 Lyanne Llanda

Father Vicente Garcia

- a Filipino Catholic priest-scholar, a theologian of the Manila

Cathedral and a Tagalog Translator of the famous "Imitation of
Christ'' by Kempis.

- - Penname: Justo Desiderio Magalang.

- - On July 18, 1888, it was Published in Singapore

 Lyanne Llanda

1. RIZAL CANNOT BE AN “IGNORANT MAN” AS

FR. RODRIGUEZ ALLEGED .
2. RIZAL DOES NOT ATTACK THE CHURCH
AND THE SPAIN.
3. FR. RODRIGUEZ SAID THAT WHO READS
THE NOLI ME TANGERE COMMITTED A
MORTAL SIN.
 Lyanne Llanda

Father Vicente Garcia

- a Filipino Catholic priest-scholar, a theologian of the Manila Cathedral

and a Tagalog Translator of the famous "Imitation of Christ'' by
Kempis.

- - Penname: Justo Desiderio Magalang.

- - On July 18, 1888, it was Published in Singapore

- - He blasted the attacks and arguments of Fr. Rodriguez with the

following counter-argument:
 Lyanne Llanda
- Rizal wrote a letter to Barrantes to defend himself and to escape
Barrantes' ignorance of the Philippine affairs and mental dishonesty
which is unworthy of an academian.

- While Rizal was in Calamba, his help was sought by and the folks
for their grievances against the hacienda management.

- After a thorough study of the conditions of the Calamba hacienda,

which the Dominician Order owned since 1883, he wrote down his
findings which the tenants and the three officials of the hacienda
signed on January 8, 1888 and was submitted to the governor
general for action.
 Lyanne Llanda
1. The Hacienda of the Dominician order composed not only the lands of the arbitrary increase of
the rentals being paid by the tenants.

2. The profits of the Dominician order continuously increased because of the arbitrary increase of
the rentals being paid by tenants.

3. The hacienda owner never contributed a single centavo for the celebration of the town fiesta;
for the education of the children and for the improvement of agriculture.

4. Tenants who had spent much labor clearing the lands were ejected from their lands for flimsy
reasons.

5. High rates of interest were charged from the tenants for delayed payment of rentals and when
the rentals could not be paid, their carabaos, tools and homes were confiscated.

- This report further heightened the anger of the friars and they pressured the governor general to
deport him.
 Lyanne Llanda

1. His presence in Calamba is endangering the safe and happiness of his family and friends.

2. He could fight better his enemies and serve his country's cause efficiently by writing in
foreign countries.

BEFORE HE LEFT CALAMBA IN 1888, HIS FRIENDS FROM LIPA REQUESTED HIM TO
WRITE A POEM TO COMMEMORATE THE TOWNS ELEVEATION TO A CITY (VILLA)
BY VIRTUE OF THE BACERRA LAW OF 1888
 
HE WROTE THE POEM DEDICATED TO INDUSTRIOUS FOLKS OF LIPA ENTITLED
‘HYMN TO LABOR’ (HIMNO AL TRABAJO). HE FINISHED IT AND SENT IT TO LIPA
BEFORE HIS DEPARTURE FROM CALAMBA

Himno Al Trabajo. "Hymn to Labor" (1888) is an admirable poem because it originated from
one who himself worked hard and worked well.
The hymn to labor
 Precious Anne Li
The hymn to labor
Before Rizal left Calamba in 1888, his
friends from Lipa request - ed him to
write a poem to commemorate the town's
elevation to a city (villa) by virtue of the
Becerra Law of 1888.
 He wrote the poem
dedicated to the
industrious folks of
Lipa entitled Hymn to
Labor (Himno Al
trabajo). He finished it
and sent it to Lipa
before his departure
from Calamba.
 Himno Al Trabajo.

"Hymn to Labor" (188) which was written on

request in commemoration of Lipa's elevation from
a town to a city. This is an admirable poem because
it originated from one who himself worked hard
and worked well. He asked the people to assume
their distinctive roles in promoting their country's
progress through the dignity of labor and industry.
 HYMN TO LABOR
BY: DR. JOSE P.
RIZAL
For the Motherland in war, For the Motherland in
peace, Will the Filipino keep watch, He will live until
life will cease!
 MEN

Now the East is glowing with light, Go! To

the field to till the land, For the labour of
man sustains Fam'ly, home and Motherland.
Hard the land may turn to be, Scorching the
rays of the sun above... For the country,
wife and children All will be easy to our
love.
 (Chorus) WIVES:

Go to work with spirits high, For the wife

keeps home faithfully, Inculcates love in her
children For virtue, knowledge and country.
When the evening brings repose, On returning
joy awaits you, And if fate is adverse, the wife,
Shall know the task to continue.
 (Chorus) MAIDENS:

Hail! Hail! Praise to labour, Of the country wealth and

vigor! For it brow serene's exalted

It's her blood, life, and ardor. If some youth would show
his love

Labor his faith will sustain: Only a man who struggles and
works. Will his offspring know to maintain.
 CHILDREN:

Teach, us ye the laborious work To pursue your

footsteps we wish, For tomorrow when country
calls us We may be able your task to finish.
And on seeing us the elders say: "Look, they're
worthy 'f their sires of yore!" Incense does not
honor the dead As does a son with glory and
valor