Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

1. Define nouns.
2. Identify the classes of nouns and know its examples.
3. Define inflection and declension.
4. Identify the properties of nouns and know its examples.
ANIMAL
FEELING
Lucila likes to go to the gym with her dog, Cookie.
cjbdfkvsdkjgshfdghdfkghdfghdfjhgdfhglhfgl
COMMON NOUN PROPER NOUN
woman Jhane
man Khyn
country Philippines
province Zamboanga Del Norte
city Dipolog
university Bataan Peninsula State
University
park Luneta
A group of… COLLECTIVE NOUN
Students Class

Soldiers Army

Keys Bunch

Players Team

Employees Staff
COUNTABLE UNCOUNTABLE
• Pencil, notebook, girl, room, cat • Water, milk, oxygen, sugar, salt,
love, joy
• a/an/plurals • NO- a/an/plurals
• MEASURES- glass, tblsp, cup,
pounds, kilograms, ounces, liters

• How many? • How much?

• A few • A little

• Many, a lot of • Much, a lot of

• some • some
The goldfish is in the fish tank.
INFLECTION AND DECLENSION
English Noun Inflections
• English noun inflections alter the noun to convey a more
specific meaning and give more information about that
noun.

• Noun inflections include additional or altered letters to

convey a plural, and adding apostrophes to indicate
possession.
Noun Paradigms
• Where the verb stem may stand alone as an infinitive (e.g.
‘to pull’) imperative (e.g. ‘pull!’), or general present form
(e.g. ‘I/you pull’), the noun stem may only stand alone as a
singular noun.

• Noun paradigms have two forms: a stem form, which is

normally the singular, and a plural form, which normally
adds an ‘s’.
Declension
• Inflection of nouns in English is called declension.

• Noun paradigms inflect for number but not for gender or

case.

• For example, the singular ‘chair’ takes the suffix ‘s’ to

become ‘chairs’: the number of chairs has clearly increased.
• If the speaker wants to talk about the leg of the chair,
the word ‘of’ should be used to avoid adding an
apostrophe ‘s’ (the possessive suffix) i.e. ‘the ‘chair’s
leg’.

• This is because possessives should preferably not be

used for inanimate objects.
Possessives and Apostrophes
If a possessive is used with the word ‘it’, then there is no
apostrophe.

For example;

‘The dog knew its own name’

‘Justice is its own reward’,
‘The door came off its hinges’.
• If an apostrophe is used with ‘it’, this becomes a contraction
of ‘it is’.

For example:

‘It’s time to go out’

‘The computer won’t start because it’s broken’.
Irregular Inflections
Some noun stems take different inflectional affixes or none at
all.

For example:
• The word ‘mouse’ becomes ‘mice’ in the plural and does not
take the suffix ‘s’
• The word ‘sheep’ stays the same in the plural without taking
any affix
• The word ‘medium’ becomes ‘media’ in the plural, here
losing the ‘um’ ending and replacing it with ‘a’ (because this
word is derived from Latin)

• The word ‘fungus’ becomes ‘fungi’ and the word ‘cactus’

becomes ‘cacti’ in the plural (but strangely, ‘octopus’ changes
to the regular ‘octopuses’)
• Nouns ending with ‘y’ often lose the ‘y’ and take ‘ies’ to
make a plural.

For example: ‘charity’ becomes ‘charities’.

(Be careful not to confuse this with the possessive ‘charity’s’).

Properties of Nouns
GENDER
NUMBER
CASE
PERSON
There are a few birds chirping.
Number
This is a new house. The buses have arrived.
CASES
NOMINATIVE CASE

• Subject of sentence

• Ex:

• The car is parked on the right.

Possessive case
• Ownership of noun
• ‘s

• Example: Mary’s car

Vocative case
is a grammatical case which is used for a noun that
identifies a person (animal, object, etc.) being addressed

Example:

• Sam, get in the car.

 GENDER

MASCULINE NEUTRAL
FEMININE COMMON
Neutral

• She has got a lovely garden.

• He has got a lovely garden.
Masculine and Feminine

• His uncle is not here, but his aunt.

Common
• The member of the organization is here.
Persons
3 persons:

• first person if they refer to the speaker or writer (or to a group

including the speaker or writer);

• second person if they refer to the audience of the speaker or writer

(or to a group including the audience); and

• third person if they refer to anyone else.

• First person
I will come tomorrow.
Bob showed the budget to us.

• Second person
You should not forget to vote.
Where is your coat?

• Third person
It arrived yesterday.
How can you stand working with them?
GENERALIZATION
Properties of Nouns
NUMBER
GENDER
 Group activity!!!!!

Criteria:

• Cooperation: 25%
• Content: 75%
Assessment:
 Assignment

• Research about pronouns and give at least 10 examples.