Theoretical Driving Course (TDC)

For Student-driver’s Permit Applicants

Subject No. 3

Pre-Driving Orientation for

Motorcycle and Tricycle
(DL CODE A, A1)

Subject Code: TDC-15-S-03

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 PRE-DRIVING ORIENTATION

OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lecture, the applicant-driver shall be able to:

• Learn and apply the proper procedure of checking the overall

condition of a motorcycle before riding.
• Identify all pertinent switches and controls before and while
on the road at any given weather condition.
• Identify common features of panel instrument or dashboard.
• Identify the functions of foot pegs, shifting lever and other
driving mechanisms of a motorcycle.
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 PRE-DRIVING ORIENTATION

• Apply various transportation laws, rules and regulations as

discussed in other Modules before the actual driving instructions.
• Know the basics of handling handle bar, proper shifting and
smooth braking.
• Know the procedures and considerations when turning, stopping
or parking.
• Know the principles of loading and unloading passengers or
cargoes.

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 Pre-Driving Orientation and Motor Vehicle Basic Parts,
Functions and Operations
(DL CODE A)
Topic Outline:
• Common Types Of Motorcycles As To Its Operation
o Scooter Full Automatic Clutch
o Semi Or Full Automatic Clutch
o Standard – Manual Clutch
• Essential Components And Parts
o Handle Bar
o Common Dashboard Instruments
o Common Switches
o Brake And Clutch Pedal
o Driving Chain, Belts and Propeller
o Stands (Center Stand, Side Stand)
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 Pre-Driving Orientation and Motor Vehicle Basic Parts,
Functions and Operations
(DL CODE A)

Topic Outline:

• Maintenance

• Starting and Moving

• Proper Shifting

• Braking

• Safety Tips and Reminders

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 COMMON TYPES OF MOTORCYCLES AS TO ITS OPERATION

SCOOTER UNDERBONE BACKBONE

FULL AUTOMATIC MANUAL, SEMI OR FULL MANUAL CLUTCH
CLUTCH AUTOMATIC CLUTCH

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 PRE-DRIVING ORIENTATION

ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF MOTORCYCLE

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HANDLE BAR – SCOOTER: FULL AUTOMATIC

DASHBOARD
LEFT SIDE MIRROR RIGHT SIDE MIRROR

REAR BRAKE LEVER FRONT BRAKE LEVER

ACCELERATOR GRIP

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 HANDLE BAR – UNDERBONE: SEMI AUTOMATIC CLUTCH
REAR WHEEL FOOT
BRAKE PEDAL

FRONT BRAKE LEVER

ACCELERATOR GRIP
CLUTCH LEVER

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 HANDLE BAR – UNDERBONE/ BACKBONE : MANUAL CLUTCH

REAR WHEEL FOOT

BRAKE PEDAL FRONT BRAKE LEVER

CLUTCH LEVER ACCELERATOR GRIP

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COMMON DASHBOARD INSTRUMENTS

SPEEDOMETER
ODOMETER
ENGINE CHECK
DESTINATION
HEADLIGHT
FUEL GAUGE
TACHOMETER
IGNITION SWITCH

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COMMON DASHBOARD INSTRUMENTS

SPEEDOMETER
ODOMETER
ENGINE CHECK
DESTINATION
HEADLIGHT
FUEL GAUGE
TACHOMETER
IGNITION SWITCH

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COMMON DASHBOARD INSTRUMENTS

SPEEDOMETER
ODOMETER
ENGINE CHECK
DESTINATION
HEADLIGHT
FUEL GAUGE
TACHOMETER
IGNITION SWITCH

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COMMON DASHBOARD INSTRUMENTS

SPEEDOMETER
ODOMETER
ENGINE CHECK
DESTINATION
HEADLIGHT
FUEL GAUGE
TACHOMETER
IGNITION SWITCH

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COMMON DASHBOARD INSTRUMENTS

SPEEDOMETER
ODOMETER
ENGINE CHECK
DESTINATION
HEADLIGHT
FUEL GAUGE
TACHOMETER
IGNITION SWITCH

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COMMON DASHBOARD INSTRUMENTS

SPEEDOMETER
ODOMETER
ENGINE CHECK
DESTINATION
HEADLIGHT
FUEL GAUGE
TACHOMETER
IGNITION SWITCH

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COMMON DASHBOARD INSTRUMENTS

SPEEDOMETER
ODOMETER
ENGINE CHECK
DESTINATION
HEADLIGHT
FUEL GAUGE
TACHOMETER (RPM)
IGNITION SWITCH

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COMMON DASHBOARD INSTRUMENTS

SPEEDOMETER
ODOMETER
ENGINE CHECK
DESTINATION
HEADLIGHT
FUEL GAUGE
TACHOMETER
IGNITION SWITCH

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 COMMON SWITCHES

4
1
2
4. ENGINE KILL
5
5. HEADLIGHT SWITCH
3
6. STARTING SWITCH
6

1. HIGH AND LOW HEADLIGHT SWITCH

2. HORN SWITCH
3. TURN SIGNAL SWITCH
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COMMON SWITCHES

ENGINE CHOKE LEVER

• ITS MAIN FUNCTION IS TO START A

COLD ENGINE BY ENRICHING THE
MIXTURE OF AIR-FUEL INTAKE
• RETURN TO ORIGINAL POSITION
UPON REACHING PROPER ENGINE
TEMPERATURE
• DO NOT MOVE WITH CHOKE “ON”

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BRAKE PEDAL - SEMI AUTOMATIC AND FULL MANUAL CLUTCH

RIGHT FOOT -
BRAKE PEDAL

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 BRAKES

DISC BRAKE DRUM BRAKE

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CLUTCH PEDAL - SEMI AUTOMATIC AND FULL MANUAL CLUTCH

LEFT FOOT:
CLUTCH PEDAL

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 DRIVERS

CHAIN BELT PROPELLER

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 STANDS

SIDE STAND CENTER STAND

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 MAINTENANCE

REAR
SUSPENSION
REAR AND FRONT
DRIVE BRAKES
FRONT CHAIN
FORK
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 MAINTENANCE

RUBBER BRAKE, GAS AND

SPROCKETS CLUTCH CABLES
DAMPER

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 STARTING
2 1
IGNITION IGNITION MOUNT
ON WITH SIDE KICK
OFF
STAND START

CHOKE START WITH / WITHOUT STAND

3a

HANDLE
BAR LOCK
4
3
STARTER
NEUTRAL SWITCH
INDICATOR
(GREEN IN COLOR)
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 MOVING
MANUAL
DISENGAGED CLUTCH
SIDE STAND
SHIFT TO
DESIRED GEAR
SEMI
AUTOMATIC GO
CLUTCH
CHECK SIDE
MIRRORS

AUTOMATIC
CLUTCH

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 PROPER SHIFTING

Manual Clutch
• Squeeze the clutch lever
Semi Automatic Clutch
“IN”
• Shift to the desired gear
• Shift to the desired gear Full Automatic Clutch
• Slowly roll “ON” the
• Slowly Roll “ON” the • Slowly roll “ON” the
throttle
throttle while slowly throttle
releasing the clutch lever
Note: Shift to first gear
when moving off
Note: Shift to first gear
when moving off

AVOID ABRUPT SHIFTING OR ABRUPT

RELEASE OF CLUTCH LEVER
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 BRAKING

Manual Clutch and Semi Automatic Clutch

Full Automatic Clutch
• Release the throttle
• Release the throttle
• Simultaneously squeeze “ON” the hand
• Simultaneously
brake and the pedal brake
squeeze “ON” the
hand brakes
Be aware of speed, shifting gear may be
required (refer to PROPER SHIFTING)

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 READ READ READ

User’s
Manual
NOTHING BEATS READING
and UNDERSTANDING THE
VEHICLE USER’S MANUAL

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 KEEP IN MIND

• FOLLOW THE SPECIAL LAWS (RA 10054, RA 10666, RA 11235)

• USE THE PROPER AND AUTHORIZED HELMET ONLY
• USE SAFETY GADGETS (GLOVES, JACKETS, DRIVING SHOES,
DRIVING PANTS)
• DO NOT MODIFY THE MOTORCYCLE AGAINST THE
REGULATIONS (LIGHTS, BODY, MUFFLERS)
• FOLLOW THE TOP BOX AND SADDLE BAGS REGULATIONS
• ALWAYS USE THE PROPER HAND SIGNALS
• ONLY ONE (1) PASSENGER FOR MOTORCYCLE

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ALWAYS REMEMBER

STATISTICS
SHOWS THAT
52% OF ROAD
CRASHES
INVOLVES
MOTORCYCLE
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SAFETY CHECKS

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 SAFETY CHECKS

• Regularly check for brake adjustment

• Check all cables (brake, clutch and throttle)
• Check for any leaks on engine oil and brake fluid
• Adjust the side mirrors before moving off and not while moving
• Avoid downhill parking
• Use appropriate safety gadgets
• Use center stand whenever possible
• Know the proper hand signals and use it religiously

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 PROPER HAND SIGNALS

STOPPING WITH
TURN LEFT or STEADY BRIGHT TURN RIGHT
CHANGE TO RED LIGHT or CHANGE TO
LEFT LANE (FLASHING RED RIGHT LANE
IS NOT
ALLOWED)

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 OVERTAKING or CHANGING LANE

• Signal your intention.

• Make sure that you have enough power and
speed when trying to overtake.
• Avoid eye-to-eye contact while overtaking.
• Do not force the issue. Give way if in doubt.
• Follow the rules on OVERTAKING AND
CHANGING LANE under R.A. No. 4136.

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 OVERTAKING or CHANGING LANE
• Common violations when OVERTAKING AND CHANGING LANE
resulting to Road Crash

• Failing to signal intention

• Disregarding pavement markings that divides
the direction of traffic (“counterflow”, straddling)
• Habitual and reckless changing of lanes
• Overtaking on the right of a vehicle even if it is
not clear
• Overtaking at an intersection
• Overtaking while turning
• Disregarding traffic signs and signals
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 SAFETY TIPS WHILE DRIVING

• Never follow or guide an emergency vehicle (e.g.

Ambulance)
• Never play with the handle bar
• Never play with the brakes or signal lights
• Never rev up at a STOP line
• Never stare at anyone, concentrate on the road
• Follow the rules on RIGHT OF WAY under RA 4136

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 BAD HABITS
• Common Right-of-Way Violations resulting to road crash
• Failing to follow yellow box rules
• Disregarding intersection rules when two
or more vehicles arrived at the same time
• Not yielding to emergency vehicles
(firetrucks, ambulance, police cars)
• Tail gaiting emergency vehicles
• Disregarding pedestrian crossing
• Failing to stop at an intersection with a
STOP sign
• Ignoring traffic signals or not waiting for
actual GREEN traffic light.
• Speeding or Drag Racing
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 SAFE PARKING

• Avoid parking downhill

• Never leave the motorcycle while the engine
is running
• At night, consider parking at well-lighted place
• Follow the PARKING RULES of R.A. No. 4136

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 SAFE PARKING
• Common Parking Violations
Parking ….
• in front of a private garage or driveway
• at the sidewalk
• within six meters of intersection
• within four meters of fire hydrant
• in front of hospital/emergency gate
• in a no parking zone
• in a zone not intended for motorcycles
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 LOADING / UNLOADING PASSENGER OR CARGO
LOADING
• IDEALLY, THE WEIGHT OF THE RIDER
MUST NOT BE LESS THAN 1/3 OF UNLOADING OR
MOTORCYCLE AND ADDITIONAL LOAD. DISMOUNTING
• MAKE SURE THAT THE LOAD IS
PROPERLY SECURED. • PASSENGER FIRST
• ADVISE THE PASSENGER TO FOLLOW • AVOID UNLOADING
THE DRIVER’S BODY AT ALL TIMES. PASSENGER ON A
DOWNHILL
• ADVISE THE PASSENGER TO HOLD TIGHT
WHILE THE MOTORCYCLE IS MOVING.
• ADVISE THE PASSENGER NOT TO
REMOVE THE FEET FROM FOOT PEGS
EXCEPT WHEN DISMOUNTING.
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 LOADING / UNLOADING PASSENGER OR CARGO

• Common Loading and Unloading Violations

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THANK YOU AND HAVE A SAFE RIDE

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