PREPARATION AND

INVITRO
EVALUATION OF
NANO CAPSULE
USING GUAIFENESIN
EXPECTORANT DRUG

BY M. SAI
SIRISHA
(18Z51R0069)
PREPARATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF NANO
CAPSULE USING GUAIFENESIN DRUG
BY
M.SAI SIRISHA (18Z51R0069)
NIKHIL
ELIA
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
MR. NAVEEN JAMJALA
M. PHARM, MBA
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICS
 LIST OF CONTENTS

 INTRODUCTION
 AIM AND OBJECTIVE
 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
 MATERIALS AND METHODS
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
 CONCLUSION
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTON
 INTRODUCTION

 Definition: A Nano capsule is a Nanoparticle that is spherical, hollow structure with a diameter less than 200nm in

which desired substance may be placed. They are either polar or non-polar and filled with solvent.

 Nano capsules are also hollow spherically shaped nanometer sized objects that can be utilized to encapsulate small

number of pharmaceuticals, enzymes, or other catalyst [according to US National Library of Medicine]3.

 ADVANTAGES

 irritation might be reduced at the side of administration.

 Furthermore, the polymeric shell is responsible for the particles' long-term stability during storage.

 The advantage over nanospheres is that the drug load is substantially higher. When the core of a physically loaded
Nano capsule is made up of pure medication, the drug to polymer ratio can be as high as 5:1, whereas the ratio for
nanospheres is normally about 1:10.

 Another advantage is that they contain less polymer than nanospheres.

 Drug interactions with physiological environment are avoided.

 DISADVANTAGES

 Need for a nano capsulation system

 Case by case

 Higher finished product costs

 Need to finish the production cycle

 Incorporating systems for the final products
 MATERIALS USED

• Drug: Guaifenesin
• Polymer: Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose
• Stabilizer: Polyvinyl Alcohol
• Oil: Oleic acid
• Surfactant: Sorbitan monostearate (SPAN-60)
• Vehicle: Ethanol and Distilled water
 AIM AND OBJECTIVE
AIM:
The aim of the study is to Prepare and invitro evaluation of Guaifenesin nano capsule.

OBJECTIVE:
The main objective of this study is to Prepare and evaluate Guaifenesin nano capsule an
expectorant effect by nano precipitation method by using polymer HPMC as a key
ingredient. Other ingredients like ethanol is used as solvent
• To conduct the structural characterization of formulated nano capsule.
• To perform tests like particle size distribution
• To perform various tests like pH, drug content, in-vitro dug release etc.
• To conduct stability studies for formulated nano capsule.
 PLAN OF WORK

 Literature survey
 Selection and procurement of suitable drug and Excipients.
 Preparation of standard graph of guaifenesin.
 Preparation of guaifenesin nano capsule by nano precipitation method.
 Evaluation of various parameters of prepared guaifenesin nano capsule
 Study of structural characteristics.
 Study of drug content.
 Study of Stability studies.
 Study of invitro drug release.
 Study of drug Excipient compatibility studies.
LITERATURE REVIEW
 LITERATURE REVIEW
S.no AUTHOR YEAR TITLE ABSTRACT
LIST
1. Songping Mo et.al., 2021 In this study, inositol nanocapsules
were synthesized at various
conditions, including the amount
of precursors and the time for
adding the precursors. The effects
of synthesis conditions on the
properties of the nanocapsules
were studied. The morphology,
chemical composition,
microstructure, phase−change
characteristics and size distribution
of the nanocapsules were
investigated by scanning electron
microscope (SEM), Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy
(FT−IR), transmission electron
microscope (TEM), differential
scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a
zeta potential analyzer

2. Shan Peng et.al., 2015 Here we present the fabrication of

bifunctional nanocapsules via
cation (Ca2+/Gd3+) induced self-
assembly of partially hydrolysed
α-lactalbumin. The prepared
nanospheres, encapsulated with
photosensitizer (Rose Bengal) and
Gd3+ ion, show great potentials
for magnetic resonance imaging
and photodynamic therapy with a
target-specific manner.
3. Pavankumar Kothamasu et.al., 2012 :Nanocapsules, existing in miniscule size,
range from 10 nm to 1000 nm. They consist of
a liquid/solid core in which the drug is placed
into a cavity, which is surrounded by a
distinctive polymer membrane made up of
natural or synthetic polymers. They have
attracted great interest, because of the
protective coating, which are usually
pyrophoric and easily oxidized and delay the
release of active ingredients.

4. Dongwoo Kim et.al., 2007 Hollow out your pumpkin:The direct

synthesis of approximately 100-nm-diameter
polymer nanocapsules was carried out in the
absence of preorganized structures or
templates. The method appears to be
applicable to any monomer that has a flat core
and multiple polymerizable groups at the
periphery (see picture). The surface properties
of the polymer shell, which comprises
cucurbituril, can be easily tailored through
host–guest chemistry.

5. C.E. Mora-Huertas, et.al., 2009 A review of the state of knowledge on

nanocapsules prepared from preformed
polymers as active substances carriers is
presented. This entails a general review of the
different preparation
methods:nanoprecipitation, emulsion–
diffusion, double emulsification, emulsion-
coacervation, polymer-coatingand layer-by-
layer, from the point of view of the
methodological and mechanistic aspects
involved,encapsulation of the active substance
and the raw materials used. Similarly, a
comparative analysis isgiven of the size, zeta-
potential, dispersion pH, shell thickness,
encapsulation efficiency, active
substancerelease, stability and in vivo and in
vitro pharmacological performances, using as
basis the data reported in the different research
works published. Consequently, the
information obtained allows establishing
criteria for selecting a method for preparation
of nanocapsules according to its advantages,
limitations and behaviours as a drug carrier.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
 MATERIALS AND METHODS
MATERIALS
TABLE 1 LIST OF CHEMICALS USED

CHEMICALS MANUFACTURERS

Guaifenesin MSN laboratories, Sanathnagar,

Telangana
Hydroxy Propyl Quali kems
Methyl Cellulose
Quali kems
Sorbitan
monostearate
Ethanol Quali kems

Polyvinyl Alcohol Quali kems

 INSTRUMENTATION

Instruments
Digital Balance
Magnetic Stirrer
Mechanical Stirrer
Zeta Potential
UV
Scanning Electron Microscopy
Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectrophotometer
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
List of Instruments
Company
Schimadzu corporation
Remi, IML
Remi, IML
Schimadzu corporation
Schimadzu corporation
Schimadzu corporation
Schimadzu corporation
Schimadzu corporation
 DRUG PROFILE

Drug name : Guaifenesin

Synonym: Mucinex, Bidex400, and organidin NR.
Molecular weight:198.2158 g/mol.
Molecular formula: C10H14O4
Category: Expectorant
Chemical name: 3-(2-methoxyphenoxy) propane-1,2-diol
 EXCIPIENT PROFILE

 Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose

 Synonyms: Hypromellose, HPMC,cellulose hydroxypropyl methyl ether
Molecular Formula : C56H108O30
Molecular Weight: 1261.4g/mol
Category: polymer
Structure
 Poly vinyl alcohol

Synonyms : PVOH; Poly (Ethenol), vinol, covol, alcotex, alvyl, homopolymer,

polyviol, PVA, Mowiflex, Gelvatol, Elvanol; Lemol, Mowiol, Nelfilcon A and
Rhodoviol
Molecular Formula: (C2H4O) n
Category: stabiliser
uses:
Used in various industrial markets such as textile,coatings, paper, ceramics, and for
coating of medicinal tablets. Secondhand as a coating agent for food
supplements. polyvinyl alcohol consists of ethanol
And is water soluble, while being resistant to
greases and oils.
SORBITAN MONOSTEARATE
Synonyms: Sorbitan esters, Span 60, monostearate sorbitan Sorbitan esters of fatty
acids.
Molecular formula:C24H46O6
Category: Emulsifier
Structure
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
 CALIBERATION CURVE OF GUAIFENESIN

 100 mg of Guaifenesin was weighed accurately and transferred into 100 ml of volumetric flask. The
volume was made up to the mark by using distilled water to get 1000µg/ml solution. From this stock
solution 10ml was pipette out into 100ml volumetric flask and volume was made up to the mark with
distilled water to get 100µg/ml. From the standard stock solution, a series of dilutions (10ml, 20ml,
30ml, 40ml, and 50ml) were diluted using distilled water and the corresponding absorbance was
measured at 269nm by using UV- Spectrophotometer.
 TABLE 3 CALIBRATION CURVE DATA OF
GUAIFENESIN
S.No Concentration (μg/ml) Absorbance (nm)

1 0 0
2 10 0.012
3 20 0.025
4 30 0.037
5 40 0.049
6 50 0.061
 Concentration Vs Absorbance
0.07

0.06
f(x) = 0.00122285714285715 x + 9.52380952381135E-05
R² = 0.999839895204133
0.05
Absorbance (nm)

0.04
Absorbance
0.03 Linear (Absorbance)

0.02

0.01

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Concentratio (μg/ml)

Figure 1 Standard Graph of Guaifenesin

 COMPATIBILITY STUDIES
 Drug-polymer compatibility study was done for any interaction of drug
and polymer. The interface study was performed using FTIR. The IR
Spectrum of Guaifenesin (Pure drug) shoes peaks at 3244 cm-1, 1455
cm-1, 1376 cm-1 and 1594cm-1 The physical mixture on the other
hand shows peaks at 3421cm-1, 1440cm-1, 1371cm-1, 1564cm-1.
Thus it is concluded that the physical mixture of the drug
(Guaifenesin) does not show any major interactions with the
formulation components like (HPMC, Sorbitan monostearate and
PVA).
 TABLE 4 FTIR SPECTRUM INTERPRETATION

Functional group Freq.(cm-1) range of Freq.(cm-1) range of

pure drug optimized formulation

-OH Stretch (alcohol) 3244 3421

C=C (Benzene) 1594 1564

CH2 Bend (Alkyl) 1455 1440

-CH3 Bend 1376 1371

Figure 2 FTIR Spectra of Guaifenesin
Figure 3 FTIR Spectra of Guaifenesin and excipients
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION