and STORM SURGE

THUNDERSTORMS
-also known as electrical storm or lightning
is a storm characterized by the presence of
lightning and its acoustic effect on the
Earth's atmosphere. Thundershowers are
weak thunders.
 THUNDERSTORM ORIGIN

•when warm and moist air rises and swift

updraft to colder regions of the atmosphere
affecting the zone with its irresistible
destructive, intensive short-lived
disturbance
 EFFECTS
•normally lead to local atmospheric instability

•catastrophic flooding

•tornadoes

•very strong winds

•hail
 TYPES OF THUNDERSTORMS
•Single-cell

•‌Multi-cell

•‌Supercell
 SINGLE-CELL
Often called “popcorn” convection, single-cell
thunderstorms are small, brief, weak storms
that grow and die within an hour or so.
They are typically driven by heating on a
summer afternoon. Single-cell storms may
produce brief heavy rain and lightning.
 MULTI-CELL
A multicellular thunderstorm cluster is a
thunderstorm that is composed of multiple cells,
each being at a different stage in the life cycle
of a thunderstorm. It appears as several anvils
clustered together. A cell is an
updraft/downdraft couplet.
 SUPER-CELL
A supercell is a thunderstorm characterized
by the presence of a mesocyclone: a deep,
persistently rotating updraft. For this
reason, these storms are sometimes referred
to as rotating thunderstorms.
 STORM SURGE

-is an abnormal ruse of water

generated by a storm, over and
above the predicted astronomical
tides
 THE CAUSE OF THE STORM SURGE

•is produced by water being pushed

toward the shore by the force of the winds
shoving cyclonically around the storm.
 HOW FAST IS STORM SURGE?

-it's rarely a " wall of water" as often claimed, but rather

it is a rise of water that can be as rapid as several feet in
just a few minutes

-it moves with the forward speed of the hurricane (5-15

mph)
 EFFECTS OF STORM SURGE

•brings widespread flood

•damaged of structure and properties