CYCLONES

By: Roll no: 21-30

Presentation made by: Manas, Rigved, Riya and Saikrishna
 INDEX
1) Thunder storms to cyclones - Manas

2) What is a cyclone?

3) Structure of a cyclone - Saikrishna

4) Types of cyclones

5) Destruction caused by cyclones - Rigved

6) Tornadoes - Riya

7) Cyclones in different planets

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 Thunder storms to cyclones
Before cloud formation, water takes up heat from the atmosphere to change into vapor.
When water vapor changes back to liquid form as raindrops, this heat is released to the
atmosphere. The heat released to the atmosphere warms the air around. The air tends to
rise and causes a drop in pressure. More air rushes to the center of the storm. This cycle
is repeated. The chain of events ends with the formation of a very low-pressure system
with very high-speed winds revolving around it. It is this weather condition that we call
a cyclone. Factors like wind speed, wind direction, temperature and humidity
contribute to the development of cyclones.

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 What is a Fun fact :
A cyclone is known by
cyclone? different names in
In meteorology, a cyclone (/ˈsaɪ.kloʊn/) different parts of the
is a large air mass that rotates around a
strong center of low  world. It is called a
atmospheric pressure,
counterclockwise in the 
‘hurricane’ in the
Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in American continent.
the Southern Hemisphere as viewed
from above (opposite to an anticyclone In Philippines and
). Cyclones are characterized by
inward-spiraling winds that rotate about Japan it is called a
a zone of low pressure.
‘typhoon’

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 Structure of a cyclone
The main parts of a tropical
cyclone are the rainbands, the
eye, and the eyewall. Air spirals in
toward the center in a counter-
clockwise pattern in the northern
hemisphere (clockwise in the
southern hemisphere), and out the
top in the opposite direction.
In the very center of the storm, air
sinks, forming an "eye" that is
mostly cloud-free.

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“People’s lives don’t end when
they die. It ends when they
lose faith.”

– Itachi Uchiha

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 Types of cyclones
Extratropical:An extratropical cyclone forms. Extratropical cyclones have cold air at their core, and derive
their energy from the release of potential energy when cold and warm air masses interact. These storms always
have one or more fronts connected to them, and can occur over land or ocean. An extratropical cyclone can have
winds as weak as a tropical depression, or as strong as a hurricane. Examples of extratropical cyclones include
blizzards, Nor'easters, and the ordinary low pressure systems that give the continents at mid-latitudes much of
their precipitation.
Subtropical: If the waters under the extratropical cyclone are at least 21C (70F), thunderstorm activity will
gradually build inside the storm and moisten and warm the lower levels. Over time, the core of the storm may
gradually go from cold to warm, and the storm will start getting some of its energy from "latent heat", which is
the energy released when water vapor that has evaporated from warm ocean waters condenses into liquid water.
Latent heat is what powers tropical cyclones. At this point, the storm is called subtropical. If the winds are
already more than 39 mph (as happened in the case 2007's Subtropical Storm Andrea), it is called a subtropical
storm. If the winds are less than 39 mph, then it is called a subtropical depression. So, you don't need to start
with a subtropical depression in order to get a subtropical storm.
Tropical:If the subtropical storm remains over warm water for several days, it may eventually become fully
tropical, and be called a tropical storm. This happens when thunderstorm activity starts building close to the
center of circulation, and the strongest winds and rain are no longer in a band far from the center. The core of
the storm becomes warm, and the cyclone derives all of its energy from the "latent heat" released when water
vapor that has evaporated from warm ocean waters condenses into liquid water. One does not find warm fronts
or cold fronts associated with a tropical cyclone.
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 Destruction caused by cyclones
The destruction caused by cyclones depends on
their intensity, location, and size. In forest regions,
the trees get uprooted and canopies get affected.
In coastal regions, the banks and embankments
get eroded. In deserts, the sand dunes get
reshaped whereas in mountainous regions
mudslides and landslides occur.

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 Tornadoes
A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that is
in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a 
cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of
a cumulus cloud. It is often referred to as
a twister, whirlwind or cyclone,[1] although the
word cyclone is used in meteorology to name a
weather system with a low-pressure area in the
center around which, from an observer looking
down toward the surface of the Earth, winds blow
counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and
clockwise in the Southern. 9
 Cyclones in different planets

An extraterrestrial vortex is a vortex that occurs on planets

and natural satellites other than Earth that have sufficient
atmospheres. Most observed extraterrestrial vortices have
been seen in large cyclones, or anticyclones. However,
occasional dust storms have been known to produce vortices
on Mars and Titan.[1] Various spacecraft missions have
recorded evidence of past and present extraterrestrial vortices.
The largest extraterrestrial vortices are found on the gas giants
, Jupiter and Saturn, and the ice giants, Uranus and Neptune.
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THANK YOU!

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