Romantic Movement in

England
 Romanticism
• The most important tenets of Romanticism
were belief in the importance of the
individual, imagination, and intuition.
 Works/Writers
• Jane Austen
• William Wordsworth
 Victorian Age

• Shifted from the extremely

personal expression (or
subjectivism) of the Romantic
writers to on objective
surveying of the problems of
human life.
 Works/Writers
• Charles Dickens
• Emily Bronte

Works/Writers
 Works/Writers

• George Eliot
 Works/Writers

• George Eliot
 Works/Writers

• Lewis Carroll
 Modern English
• Virginia Wolf
 Writers/Works
• George Orwell
Modernism and Experimentation
• Coming of Age
• Period of the Lost
Generation
 POETRY

• Ezra Pound(The apparition...)

William Carlos Williams
 Form
The two quatrains of this poem rhy
ABCB. The ominous rhythm of th
short, two-beat lines contributes to
poem’s sense of foreboding or dre
complements the unflinching direc
with which the speaker tells the ro
is dying.
Commentary
While the rose exists as a beautifu
rt sick.  natural object that has become infe
by a worm, it also exists as a litera
orm,  rose, the conventional symbol of l
e night  The image of the worm resonates w
the Biblical serpent and also sugge
storm:  phallus. Worms are quintessentiall
earthbound, and symbolize death a
decay. The “bed” into which the w
thy bed  creeps denotes both the natural
  flowerbed and also the lovers’ bed
rose is sick, and the poem implies
ecret love  love is sick as well. Yet the rose is
estroy.  unaware of its sickness. Of course
actual rose could not know anythin
about its own condition, and so the
emphasis falls on the allegorical
a rose, informs it that it is sick. An “invisible” worm has stolen into its bed in a “howling storm” and under the coversuggestion
of night. The
that“dark secretthat
it is love love”
doeso
recognize its own ailing state. This
results partly from the insidious se
with which the “worm” performs i
work of corruption—not only is it
invisible, it enters the bed at night.
secrecy indeed constitutes part of t
infection itself. The “crimson joy”
rose connotes both sexual pleasure
shame, thus joining the two conce