Cell Division

Learning Goal: I will learn how the cell divides into

two
new cells.

Success Criteria: I will be able to…

- Explain growth and division
- Explain how the cell grows during interphase
- Explain mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase,
telophase
- Explain cytokinesis
 The Life Cycle of a Cell

A cell's life has two main stages: growth and division.

Growth

Division
The Cell Cycle
• Growth:
- Interphase

• Division:
- Prophase
- Metaphase
Mitosis
- Anaphase
- Telophase
- Cytokinesis
 Growth: Interphase
• Most of a cell’s life is spent in this phase (90%)
• The cell grows and carries out “everyday jobs”
• The cell prepares for division when triggered
o Makes copies of the organelles
o Makes two identical copies of chromatin (DNA)
What is DNA?
DNA = genetic information

Centromere

Chromatid

Duplicated DNA aka Chromosome

Chromatin
sister chromatids
 Division: Mitosis
• Now that the cell has made a copy of its DNA, it is
prepared to divide by mitosis
• Mitosis consists of four stages:
1. prophase (preparation)
2. metaphase (middle)
3. anaphase (animation)
4. telophase (termination)

3min
 1. Prophase
• Duplicated chromatin condenses into chromosomes
• Each chromosome contains two sister chromatids
(identical strands) connected at the centromere
• Centrioles (an organelle) begin moving to opposite
poles (ends) of the cell
• Spindle fibres begin to form from the centrioles
 2. Metaphase
• Chromosomes align along the middle of the cell (Meta =
middle)
• This helps to ensure chromosomes separate properly
and each nucleus only receives one copy of each
chromosome
• The spindle fibres attach to the chromosomes at the
centromeres
 3. Anaphase
• Chromosomes are pulled apart at the centromere by
the spindle fibres
• Chromatids begin to move towards the opposite poles
of the cell
 4. Telophase
• Chromosomes arrive at the opposite poles
o The daughter nuclei form
o Chromosomes disperse and expand into chromatin
• Cytokinesis begins
 Cytokinesis
• Animal cells pinch off near the middle, creating a
cleavage furrow
• Like tightening a draw string
• The cytoplasm and organelles split into two completely
separate daughter cells
Our body can make 1,000,000,000
(1 billion) cells in an hour!
 Mitosis Videos

Mitosis: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofjyw7ARP1c&vl=en

Mitosis (More detail): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofjyw7ARP1c&vl=en

Mitosis Rap: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pOsAbTi9tHw