Process of Hazard Identification

and Correction

A PowerPoint Presentation keyed to Chapter 1 of

Materials for Teaching Agricultural Safety
in the College Classroom
by Carol J. Lehtola, PhD, and Charles M. Brown
Book and more presentations in this series are available on the National Ag Safety
Database, www.nasdonline.org
 Objectives
• Define hazard
• Understand how to identify a hazard
• Identify four items necessary for an
effective safety checklist
• Understand the safety hierarchy
• Develop a Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.1

 Purpose of the Class

...so no one will have to say at their

workplace that they didn’t know it
was dangerous for workers to
____________.

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.2

 Hazard
...condition or changing set of
circumstances that presents a potential
for injury, illness, or property damage.
The potential or inherent characteristics
of an activity, condition, or
circumstance which can produce
adverse and harmful consequence.

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.3

 Hazard Identification
• ...to control unwanted damage to
people, property, and the
environment
• Think “potential” harm to worker,
machine/equipment/products, and
environment
• Goal is to identify hazards as
precisely as possible.

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.4

 Where to Go to Begin Hazard ID
• Injury records and investigations of
near-misses
• New jobs, processes, or products
• Seasonal tasks
• Trends in other similar businesses
• Compliance requirements (OSHA or
insurance company)

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.5

 From Hazard ID to Action Plan
• Hazard identification
• Corrective measures
• Who is responsible
• Target date

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.6

 IMBY Worksheet

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.7

 Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
A written procedure that identifies
hazards or potential hazards
associated with each step of a job
and develops solutions that will
eliminate or guard against the
hazards.

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.8

 Basic Steps of the JSA
• Select the job
• Break down the job into steps
• Identify potential hazards
• Develop solutions and
recommended actions

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.9


Hitching Tractor and Wagon
Job Safety Analysis
Date:
Personal Protective
Equipment to Be Worn:
Basic Job Steps
Check the position of the
implement wheels
Check the position of the
implement tongue
Tractor driver backs to
within inches of implement
tongue
Helper aligns implement
tongue and pinhole with
tractor and pinhole
Insert drawbar pin; insert
safety pin or attach safety
chains
Process of Hazard Identification and Correction
Job Safety Analysis Example:
Type of job: Helping to hitch an implement (e.g., wagon, machine) to a tractor
Work boots with steel toe shanks, gloves
Potential Hazards
Implement could roll when tongue is
picked up, causing a crushing injury
Straining the back if the tongue is heavy
Crushed between tractor and implement if
tractor operator miscalculates while
backing; runover by rear tractor tire
Crushing injury to the hands or body
Helper can be run over by tractor
implement; suffer crushing injury to the
feet if the implement tongue slips off of the implement before tractor operator moves tractor; helper wears
tractor drawbar
Recommended Action or Procedure
Check the wheel of the implement are blocked
Use blocks to keep tongue at hitching height, squat down, and
use leg muscles to lift rather than bending over an lifting with
your back; use implement’s jack stand, if it has one; use
temporary jack if tongue is heavy and implement doesn’t have a
jack stand
Stand outside of tractor and implement until tractor driver stops
tractor; use hand signals
Keep hands in back of drawbar connection point; wear leather
gloves; tractor operator backs with low gear and low engine
speed
Operator puts tractor in park or sets brakes before helper drops
in the hitch pin; helper steps from between tractor and
steel-toe work boots
Slide 1.10
 Active vs. Passive
• Passive provides automatic
protection (airbags, GFI)
• Active requires participation by
the person (seatbelt)
• Passive + Active (ROPS + seatbelt)

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.11

 Risk Assessment
• Identify frequency
• Identify severity

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.12

 Safety Hierarchy
• Eliminate hazard or risk during
design
• Apply safeguarding technology
• Use warning signs
• Train and instruct
• Prescribe personal protective
equipment (PPE)

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.13

 Correction Strategy Examples
• Eliminate the source
• Substitute a less hazardous
equivalent
• Remove person from hazard (robots,
automation)
• Isolate the hazard (barricades)
• Dilute the hazard (ventilation)

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.14

 Resources
• AEM link for making your own
signs
http://digital.aem.org/safetymanuals/
• Farm/Agricultural/Rural
Management Hazard Analysis Tool
(HAT)
http://www.agsafety.psu.edu/farmhat/

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.15

 Examples of Hazards
Identify the hazards in the following
series of slides.

Process of Hazard Identification and Correction Slide 1.16