Prepared By: Progressive Safety Services LLC

Definition

Goals/Benefits

Involvement

Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

Review
 The assessment of risks
present in a particular
environment.

 Classification of
exposure based on the
level of risk.
 Risk is inherent in
many situations. Maximum Exposure

 Recognize that when

it exceeds plan we
must step back and Plan
re-evaluate our
actions/behavior.
Minimal Exposure
 Process

◦ A Continuous

◦ Never ending
Hazard Analysis
 Provide a proactive and continuous
approach to identifying, eliminating,
controlling, and/or reducing workplace
hazards.

 Engage employees at all levels to work

together to create a safe workplace.

 Change culture.
 Leads to a collaborative
culture

 People working together

to eliminate, control,
and reduce exposure
Who should be involved?
 Everyone:
◦ Management
◦ Operations
◦ Purchasing
◦ Engineering
◦ Project Managers
◦ Contractors
 Management

◦ Drive the process

◦ Support the process

◦ Allow resources for

success
 Time
 Materials
 Knowledge
 Training
 Money
 Operations

◦ Continually analyze
the working interface

◦ Seek ways to
eliminate, control, or
reduce exposure

◦ Communicate hazards
 Purchasing
◦ Evaluate types of tools and equipment brought into
the work environment
◦ Involve operations in purchasing decisions

 Engineering/Project Management
◦ Include hazard analysis component on all projects.
◦ Are we introducing new hazards into the work
environment?
◦ Are there opportunities to eliminate, control, or
reduce exposure?
 Contractors

◦ Pre-Project Planning

◦ Routine Hazard
Analysis

◦ Routine Planning
 Job Safety Analysis
(Job Hazard
Analysis)

 Have the right tools

in your toolbox
Identifying, eliminating,
reducing or controlling
workplace hazards
 Focuses on the tasks or jobs people perform
in the work environment
◦ Routine
◦ Non-Routine

 Focuses on exposure created by actions

rather than conditions
JSA#:
Job Safety Analysis

Task/Job:

Business Group: Analysis Team:

Facility: Approved By:

Department: Date:

Required PPE – See page two of JSA for personal protective equipment inventory

Job Steps Hazards Safe Work Practice/Controls

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

18
 The JSA Process
Select the job The Process

Select the analysis team

Separate the job into steps

Identify the hazards

Eliminate/reduce/control the hazards

Reviewing/revising the JSA

Reviewing the JSA with employees

 Need to effectively select and
prioritize the jobs to be
analyzed

 Several factors should be

considered
 Activities with significant incident frequency or
severity.
◦ Near Misses
◦ Incident Reports
◦ Last 5-10 years of data.

 Activities employees feel have the highest risk or

potential for severe injury/fatalities.
◦ Examples
 Cleaning bins
 Use of sweep auger
 Railroad operations
 Others????
 Priority Index Severity Ratings

P= S X F
5 Fatality
 4 Loss of Permanent Function
3 Lost Time Injury
2 Recordable with No Lost Time
◦ P= Priority Index 1 First Aid Only Injury
Rating
◦ S= Severity Rating
◦ F= Frequency Rating Frequency Ratings
5 Multiple Injuries and near miss events in recent past.

3 Few injuries and near misses in the recent past.

Higher the number,

1 No injuries or near misses in the recent past.

greater the priority
 Persons who perform the job must be
involved
◦ Real life example

 Recommend the team consist of at least one

manager/supervisor and at least one person
who performs the job

 Suggest limiting the analysis team to no more

than 5 people
 All team members should be familiar with the
JSA process

 One person will need to act as the

facilitator/leader
 The team should
observe the job
being performed in
the workplace

 Videotaping is
recommended
 Employees must understand that the purpose
of the observation is to observe the job/task
and not the person.

 Observe under normal work conditions:

◦ Time of day
◦ Number of employees typically assigned to job
◦ Weather
 After observing the job
the team should meet
to discuss the
sequence of steps.
 Each job step should
start with an action
verb.

 For Example:

1. Inspect the work

area for hazards.
 Enter the job steps
into the “Job Steps” Job Steps
Section of the JSA 1. Conduct an inspection of the
Form work area looking for
hazards.
 Limit to no more 2.
than 15 steps 3.
4.
5.
6.
 When evaluating
each step ask the
question?

◦ Can this step increase

exposure leading to
an injury or accident?
Types of hazards
include (National
Safety Council):

 Struck Against - Can

the worker forcefully
strike against
anything?
◦ Sharp edges
◦ Protruding objects
◦ Machinery
 Struck By – Can
anything move and
strike the worker
abruptly or
forcefully?

 Contact – Can the

worker come in
contact with
electrically charged
equipment?
 Caught-In – Can any
part of the worker be
caught on any object
which could pull them
into moving
equipment?

 Caught Between – Can

any part of the body
be caught between
something moving
and something
stationary, or between
two moving objects?
 Fall/Same Level – Can
worker slip/trip resulting
in a fall?

 Fall/Different Level – Can

worker fall from one level
to another?
 Overexertion – Can the
worker be injured while
pushing, lifting, twisting,
reaching, bending or any
other motion?

 Exposure – Can the worker

be exposed to: vibration,
excessive noise, extreme
temperatures, poor air
circulation, toxic gases,
airborne dust/fumes, or
hazardous chemicals?

 Engulfment – Can the

worker be engulfed by
material (grain, fertilizer,
etc.)?
 Once the hazards
have been
identified enter Hazards
them into the JSA • Fall/Different Level: Fall from
form. ladder
•Struck By – Ladder struck by
 Insert the Hazard opening door.
•Engulfment – Bin filled while
code followed by
person inside.
specific
information.
 Evaluate each hazard

 Doing nothing is not an option. Identify all

possibilities and decide on the most feasible.
List all options regardless of the possible
investment.

 Use the Hierarchy of Controls to identify the

options for addressing each hazard.
 Hierarchy of Controls
Start Here

Eliminate the hazard all

Elimination
together.
Example: specialized equipment.

Substitution Using a less hazardous means

Of accomplishing the task.
Example: safe chemical
Engineering Design to eliminate hazards.
Controls Example: Installing guards,
interlocks, barriers, ventilation, etc.

Organize work in a way to

Administrative or
minimize hazards.
Process Controls
Example: job rotation, procedures

Personal Protective The last resort when trying to

Equipment eliminate or decrease exposure
 If the hazard cannot be eliminated work to
develop safe work practices or controls.

 For example:
◦ Isolate equipment by locking and tagging out
◦ Keep hands clear of pinch points
◦ Place orange cones around the work area to warn
vehicles that work is being performed
◦ Use properly rated stepladder
◦ Wear eye protection
 Insert the safe work Safe Work Practices/Controls

practice into the •For improved stability stay off of

the top two rungs/steps of the
appropriate section stepladder.
of the JSA form.
•Maintain three point contact. Do
not carry tools or equipment while
climbing the ladder.
 PPE requirements will
need to be identified

 Evaluate whether permits

and equipment are
needed for the job:
◦ Hot Work
◦ Bin/CSE Entry
◦ Compressed Air
◦ Energized Work
 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE ) Inventory
Instructions: The PPE checklist should be completed in conjunction with the JSA. Place a check in the box located for each item required. Contact the Safety Department
for assistance.

Head Protection Respiratory Protection Hand/Arm Protection

Hard hat Disposable dust mask Cotton gloves
Electrically rated hard hat Half-face with cartridges Leather gloves
Bump cap Full-face with cartridges Heat resistant gloves
Supplied breathing air – half face piece Cold resistant gloves
Foot Protection Supplied breathing air – full face piece Cut resistant gloves
Steel toed footwear Powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) Protective sleeves
Steel toed chemical resistant footwear Chemical resistant gloves
Fall Protection Voltage rated gloves/ leather protective gloves
____ Full Body Harness/Lanyard/ SRL Welding sleeves
Protective Clothing – Body Protection Chemical sleeves
Supplied work uniform Eye/Face Protection
All cotton/fire resistant clothing/coveralls Welding shield or helmet Hearing Protection
Arc flash protective clothing Arc flash rated face shield Ear plugs
Chemical protective suit Dust goggles Ear muffs
Chemical apron Safety Glasses with Side Shields Ear plugs and muffs
Welding apron Chemical Splash Goggles
Reflective clothing Face Shield

Permits Required: check appropriate box Hot Work Confined Blow Energized Line
Space Down Work Breaking

Notes:

47
 Review routinely for
accuracy.

 Routinely observe
performance of the
job using the JSA as
the standard

 No Name, No Blame
 Review after:

◦ Change in the work area

◦ Change in equipment,
materials, process or
procedure
◦ Injury
◦ Near Miss
◦ Any factor that increases
exposure
 Review JSA forms with all employees on a
consistent basis:

◦ Prior to performing the job

◦ During routine safety training
◦ Toolbox safety meetings
 Also review:

◦ When hired or transferred into a new area/dept.

◦ After an injury, near miss or incident

 Make JSA forms
accessible to
employees:

◦ In the work area

◦ Office file

◦ Database
 Hazard analysis is a proactive process for
identifying exposure.

 Manage exposure versus managing injuries

 Utilize Hierarchy of Controls methodology to

address exposure

 Create an environment where hazard analysis

becomes part of your culture
 This presentation was developed to give general safety
information. Progressive Safety Services LLC (Progressive
Safety) does not make any representation or warranty as to
the accuracy or completeness of the information in this
presentation. Refrain from doing any act or omission that
are reasonably foreseeable that a particular other person
(or class of persons) is likely to suffer damage or loss as a
result of the act or omission. Progressive Safety is
excluded from liability for negligence for both personal
injury and damage to property. The information within
this presentation is general. It does not constitute and
should not be relied on as legal advice. Progressive Safety
Services LLC tries to ensure that the content of this
presentation is accurate, adequate or complete, it does not
represent or warrant or its accuracy, adequacy of
completeness.
 Joe Mlynek CSP, OHST
Joe.mlynek@progressivesafety.us