Chemistry 11

Instructor:
Raymond Gipson, Ph.D.

www.scu.edu Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry

 Syllabus
• Office hours
• Prerequisites
• Required materials
• Lectures
• Grading
• Accommodations
• Schedule
 Other Resources
• Handouts
– Learning Objectives (LO’s)
– Midterm Feedback forms
• Camino
Photo Essay

Submit on Camino
 September 20, 2021

Chapter E: Essentials
Review Chapter
LOs:
• Learn the SI prefix multipliers in Table E.2 (femto to giga).
• Be able to solve dimensional analysis problems (see in class
examples).

* Quiz on Wednesday (and at every lecture!)

* Mastering Chem due Wednesday
 Units of Measurement
 The SI system (Système International d’Unités) is
based on several base units:
• Mass: kilogram (kg)
• Length: meter (m) 1 meter = distance light travels in 1/3.0x10 sec.
8

• Time: second (s or sec)

• Temperature: degrees Celsius (oC) or Kelvins (K)
• Amount of a substance: mole (mol)
• Volume: cubic meter (m3) or liter (L)
SI Prefix Multipliers

 Prefixes
convert the
base units into
units that are
appropriate
for common
usage.
 (giga to femto)

© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

 SI Prefix Multipliers
Example Problem

 A sample of table salt has a mass of 1.023 grams (g).

What is the mass of this sample in micrograms (mg)?

© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Converting Units
More Examples
A container has 19.9 mL of water. A small
piece of galena is added to it. After the
galena sinks to the bottom of the container,
the volume increases to 24.5 mL. What is the
volume of the piece of galena in liters (L)?
Galena: Ore of Lead

Volume of galena = volume after – volume before

= 24.5 mL – 19.9mL
= 4.6 mL
4.6 mL x (1 L / 103 mL) = 4.6 x 10-3 L

© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Converting Units
More Examples

The density of steel is 7.8 g/cm3. Calculate

the density of steel in units of g/m3.

Solution: Steel: Alloy of Iron and Carbon

x = x 7.8 x 106 g/m3

= 7.8 x 106 g/m3

 Converting Units
In-Class Problem

A viral infectious agent known as the rhinovirus has a diameter

of 30 nanometers (nm). How many of these virus particles
could line up side-by-side on a line that is 1.0 inch long?

Toolbox
1 x 109 nm = 1 m
1 m = 39.37 in.
© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.
 Converting Units
In-Class Problem

A viral infectious agent known as the rhinovirus has a diameter

of 30 nanometers (nm). How many of these virus particles
could line up side-by-side on a line that is 1.0 inch long?

© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

September 20,
2021

Chapter 1 – Atoms

LOs:
• Be able to define the terms matter and chemistry.
• Be able to classify a sample of matter as an element, a compound, a
homogeneous mixture or as a heterogeneous mixture.
• Understand the 4 postulates of Dalton’s Atomic Theory.
• Be able to list the 3 parts of Rutherford’s Nuclear Theory.
 Matter
• Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
• Matter can be classified
according to
 its state—its physical
form (e.g., solid,
liquid, or gas) based
on what properties it
exhibits;
 its composition or
the types of
particles.

© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Chemistry
• Chemistry is the study of the properties and behavior of matter.
• It is central to our fundamental understanding of many science-
related fields.

© 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

 Classification of Matter
• Matter can be classified as a pure substance or as a mixture

異質 同質
 Pure Substances
Pure substances can be elements or compounds.

Elements cannot be decomposed Compounds are composed of two or

into simpler substances more elements in fixed proportions

© 2018 Pearson