Inverse Proportion-1

Number 6
INVERSE
PROPORTION
LEARNING OBJECTIVE : RECOGNIZE AND USE

INVERSE PROPORTION
ACTIVITY 1 (SB 2 PAGE 8)
• The quantities (time and speed) in
Activity 1 are in inverse proportion.
• The graph you drew in Activity 1 is
called a reciprocal graph.
• In Activity 1 when the two quantities
are multiplied together the answer is
always 120.
• The productof two quantities is
always constant if the quantities are
in inverse proportion. This makes it
easy to calculate values.
Example
• The emergency services are planning to pump out a flooded area. The
number of pumps needed, n, is in inverse proportion to the time taken
in days, t. It will take 6 days using two pumps.
a How long will it take using 4 pumps?
b How many pumps are needed to do the job in 2 days?
The quantities are in inverse proportion, so n × t is constant.

When n = 2, t = 6 ⇒ nt = 12
a If n = 4 then t = 3 (as 4 × 3 = 12) so it will take 3 days.

b If t = 2 then n = 6 (as 6 × 2 = 12) so six pumps are needed.
KEYPOINT
Algebra 6
INVERSE
PROPORTION
LEARNING OBJECTIVES :
W R I T E A N D U S E F O R M U L A E TO S O LV E P R O B L E M I N VO LV I N G I N V E R S E P R O P O RT I O N
D E T E R M I N E C O N S TA N T O F P R O P O RT I O N A LY
D R AW A G R A P H O F R E L AT I O N S H I P B E T W E E N T W O VA R I A B L E
How can we solve these proportion questions?
A cake cut into 3 equals 400g slices.
How big are the slices if it is cut into 6? Start by finding the total size of the cake.
3 × 400 = 1200g
Slices Slice Size 1200 ÷ 6 = 200g
At 40 mph a trip takes 5 hours.

How long does the trip take at 50 mph? Start by finding the total distance.
5 × 40 = 200 miles
200 ÷ 50 = 4 hours
Speed Time
These questions show two variables in inverse proportion.

When one quantity increases the other decreases (& vice versa).
① Write an equation of proportionality.
② Substitute & to find .
③ Rewrite the equation using and substitute to find .
𝑘
① 𝒚=
𝒙
hours
4 construction workers complete a project in 5 hours.
𝑘 workers
② 𝟓=
How quickly do 10 workers complete the project? 𝟒
𝑦 =𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑘
③
𝒚=
𝒙
20=𝑘
worker-hours
20
𝒚=
𝟏𝟎
𝒚 =2 hours
① Write an equation of proportionality.
② Substitute & to find .
③ Rewrite the equation using and substitute to find .
𝑘
① 𝒚=
𝒙
hours
5 workers can dig a well in 6 hours.
𝑘 workers
② 𝟔=
How long does it take 2 people? 𝟓
𝑦 =𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑘
③
𝒚=
𝒙
30=𝑘
worker-hours
30
𝒚=
𝟐
𝒚 =15 hours
Write an equation of proportionality.
Substitute & to find .
Rewrite the equation using and substitute to find .
is inversely proportional to .
= 6 when = 5
Find the value of when = 10

𝑘
𝒚=
𝒙
𝑘
6=
5
30=𝑘
REWRITE & SUBSTITUTE
30
𝒚=
𝒙
30
𝒚=
10 ¿3
is inversely proportional to .
= 10 when = 4

𝑘
𝒚=
𝒙
𝑘
10=
4
40=𝑘
40
𝒚=
𝒙
40
𝒚=
5 ¿8
is inversely proportional to . is inversely proportional to .

= 10 when = 4 = 24 when = 2
Find the value of when = 5 Find the value of when = 8

𝑘 𝑘
𝒚= 𝒚=
𝒙 𝒙
𝑘 𝑘
10= 24=
4 2
40=𝑘 48=𝑘
REWRITE & SUBSTITUTE REWRITE & SUBSTITUTE
40 48
𝒚= 𝒚=
𝒙 𝒙
40 48
𝒚=
5 ¿8 𝒚=
8 ¿6

= 10 when = 4 = 8 when = 6

𝑘 𝑘
𝒚= 𝒚=
𝒙 𝒙
𝑘 𝑘
10= 8=
4 6
40=𝑘 48=𝑘
40 48
𝒚= 𝒚=
𝒙 𝒙
40 48
𝒚=
5 ¿8 𝒚=
4 ¿ 12
is inversely proportional to
= 4 when = 3

𝑘
𝒚=
𝒙2
𝑘 𝑘
4= =
32 9
36=𝑘
36
𝒚=
𝒙2
36 36
𝒚= =
22 4
𝒚 =9
is inversely proportional to is inversely proportional to
= 4 when = 3 = 5 when = 4

𝑘 𝑘
𝒚= 𝒚=
𝒙2 𝒙2
𝑘 𝑘 𝑘 𝑘
4= = 5= =
32 9 4 2 16
36=𝑘 80=𝑘
36 80
𝒚= 𝒚=
𝒙2 𝒙2
36 36 80 80
𝒚= = 𝒚= =
22 4 22 4
𝒚 =9 𝒚 =20
= 4 when = 2

𝑘
𝒚=
𝒙3
𝑘 𝑘
4= =
23 8
32=𝑘
32
𝒚=
𝒙3
32 32
𝒚= =
4 3 64
𝒚 =0.5
= 4 when = 2 = 10 when = 3

𝑘 𝑘
𝒚= 𝒚=
𝒙3 𝒙3
𝑘 𝑘 𝑘 𝑘
4= = 10= =
23 8 3 3 27
32=𝑘 270=𝑘
32 270
𝒚= 𝒚=
𝒙3 𝒙3
32 32 270 270
𝒚= = 𝒚= =
4 3 64 10 3 1000
𝒚 =0.5 𝒚 =0.27
= 20 when = 16

𝑘
𝒚=
√𝑥
𝑘 𝑘
20= =
√16 4
80=𝑘
80
𝒚=
√𝒙
80 80
𝒚= =
√ 25 5
𝒚 =16
= 20 when = 16 = 50 when = 9

𝑘 𝑘
𝒚= 𝒚=
√𝑥 √𝑥
𝑘 𝑘 𝑘 𝑘
20= = 50= =
√16 4 √9 3
80=𝑘 150=𝑘
80 150
𝒚= 𝒚=
√𝒙 √𝒙
80 80 150 150
𝒚= = 𝒚= =
√ 25 5 √ 100 10
𝒚 =16 𝒚 =15
= 12 when = 64

𝑘
𝒚= 3
√𝑥
𝑘 𝑘
12= 3 =
√ 64 4
48=𝑘
48
𝒚= 3
√𝒙
48 48
𝒚= 3 =
√8 2
𝒚 =24
= 12 when = 64 = 25 when = 8

𝑘 𝑘
𝒚= 3 𝒚= 3
√𝑥 √𝑥
𝑘 𝑘 𝑘 𝑘
12= 3 = 25= 3 =
√ 64 4 √8 2
48=𝑘 50=𝑘
48 50
𝒚= 3 𝒚= 3
√𝒙 √𝒙
48 48 50 50
𝒚= 3 = 𝒚= 3 =
√8 2 √ 125 5
𝒚 =24 𝒚 =10
= 5 when = 6 = 15 when = 3
30 45
𝒚= 𝒚=
𝒙 𝒙
When = 5, = 9
When = 10, = 3
1 2 When = 10, = 4.5
is inversely proportional to . 3 4 is inversely proportional to .

= 8 when = 4 = 2 when = 50
=2 = 2.5
= =
32 100
𝒚= 𝑻= =
𝒙 𝑸
is inversely proportional to cubed
= 80 when = 2
= 4 when = 5
320 500
𝒚= 𝒚=
𝒙2 𝒙3
When = 4, = 20 When = 10, = 0.5

1 2
is inversely proportional to 3 4
the square root of
= 8 when = 49 = 5 when = 1000
56 50
𝒚= 𝒚= 3
√𝒙 √𝒙
When = 16, = 14 When = 125, = 10
INVERSE PROPORTION SB 2 page 31
Sound intensity, I dB (decibels), is inversely proportional to the square of the

distance, d m, from the source. At a music festival, it is 110 dB, 3 m away
from a speaker.
a. Find the formula relating I and d.
b. Calculate the sound intensity 2 m away from the speaker.
c. At what distance away from the speakers is the sound intensity 50 dB?
a I = Start with the general b When d = 2 I=

formula
The sound intensity is 247.5 dB, 2 m away.
110 = Substitute in values in
the question c When I = 50 50 =
110 x 25 = k Solve for k… = =19.8
k = 990
𝑑= √ 19.8=4.45
I= Write the specific
formula The sound intensity is 50 dB, 4.45 m away
from the speakers.
A virus reproduces every day.
On day 1 there are 3 virus cells in a body.
Is this a direct proportional relationship between cells and days?
This is a non-linear directly proportional relationship.
𝒚=𝑘 𝒙 𝟐 𝒚=3 𝒙 𝟐
virus cells days
𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
0 𝑥 0 𝑥 0 𝑥
0 0 0
Linear Direct Proportion 𝒚=𝑘 𝒙 2 𝒚=𝑘 𝒙 3
𝒚 =𝑘 𝒙 𝑦 𝑦
What differences and

similarities are there?
0 𝑥 0 𝑥
0 0
𝒚 =𝑘 √ 𝒙 𝒚 =𝑘 √ 𝒙
3
A job takes 32 hours to complete. We can graph this inverse relationship.
How long does it take…

people 1 2 4 8 16 32
…1 person? hours to complete 32 16 8 4 2 1
…2 people?
…4 people?
…8 people?
…16 people?
…32 people?
…100 people?
Why will the line never meet the -axis?

𝑘 𝑘
Inverse Proportion 𝒚= 𝒚=
𝑘 𝒙2 𝒙3
𝒚=
𝒙
What differences and

similarities are there?
𝑘 𝑘
𝒚= 𝒚= 3
√𝒙 √𝒙
𝟏
𝒚=
√𝒙
𝟏
𝒚=
𝒙
𝟏
𝒚=
𝒙𝟐

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Number 6

LEARNING OBJECTIVE : RECOGNIZE AND USE

The quantities are in inverse proportion, so n × t is constant.

a If n = 4 then t = 3 (as 4 × 3 = 12) so it will take 3 days.

A cake cut into 3 equals 400g slices.

At 40 mph a trip takes 5 hours.

These questions show two variables in inverse proportion.

Find the value of when = 10

Find the value of when = 5

is inversely proportional to . is inversely proportional to .

Find the value of when = 5 Find the value of when = 8

is inversely proportional to . is inversely proportional to .

Find the value of when = 5 Find the value of when = 4

Find the value of when = 2

Find the value of when = 2 Find the value of when = 2

Find the value of when = 4

Find the value of when = 4 Find the value of when = 10

Find the value of when = 25

Find the value of when = 25 Find the value of when = 100

Find the value of when = 8

Find the value of when = 8 Find the value of when = 125

is inversely proportional to . 3 4 is inversely proportional to .

When = 4, = 20 When = 10, = 0.5

Find the value of when = 16 Find the value of when = 125

Sound intensity, I dB (decibels), is inversely proportional to the square of the

a I = Start with the general b When d = 2 I=

On day 1 there are 3 virus cells in a body.

On day 2 there are 12 virus cells in a body.

On day 4 there are 48 virus cells in a body.

Is this a direct proportional relationship between cells and days?

This is a non-linear directly proportional relationship.

What differences and

How long does it take…

Why will the line never meet the -axis?

What differences and

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