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SCAP101
Lesson 9
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Agenda – Supply & Demand
Check in
Master Production Scheduling
Attainment
Capacity Planning
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Learning Objectives
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The Big Picture ... Inventory Management
Production Distribution
Aggregate Plan
S&OP Process
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Master Production Schedule (MPS)
Schedule of planned production in the near term:
Defines what needs to be manufactured over a near term horizon,
generally 6-8 weeks out.
Consistent with the constraints of the Aggregate Plan (S&OP).
The MPS contains item level data in either weekly or daily buckets:
Forecasted demand
Production
Projected on-hand inventory
The requirements from DRP become Forecasted Demand for the MPS.
Item-level schedules need to be summed to assess availability of
materials, labour, machine capacity, other constraints…..“finite scheduling”
produces a “feasible MPS”, one that is expected to be attainable.
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A sample MPS
Master Production Schedule for Make-to-Stock (MTS) Item - Dining Room Table
Week Starting Nov.2 Nov. 9 Nov.16 Nov.23 Nov.30 Dec. 7 Dec. 14 Dec. 21 Dec. 28
DEMAND 30 30 35 35 35 40 40 30 30
PRODUCTION 48 48 0 48 48 48 0
PAB (INVENTORY) 44 62 80 45 58 71 79 39
ATP 62 80 45 58 71 79 39
BACKLOG 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TARGET MINIMUM
STOCK LEVEL 6 FDS 37 42 42 43 48 46 36
Working Days/Week 5
Lot Size 48 Demand Time Fence Planning Time Fence
Opening Inventory
FROZEN ZONE (FIXED)
SLUSHY ZONE (FLEXIBLE)
LIQUID ZONE (PLAN) Positions of time fences vary with flexibility of operation, leadtimes of raw materials.
Requirements
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What is Shop Floor Control (SFC)?
SFC can be considered short term scheduling. Its objective:
Allow MPS to be met.
Keep labour costs low.
SFC is the interface between planning and execution systems in near-term; it includes
feedback loop.
SFC manages resources:
Machine capacity and Tooling
Labour and Materials
Information (for example, time standards)
Routing and alternate routings…sequencing and resources
Rescheduling as a result of expedites, problems
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How we measure SFC: Schedule Attainment
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Schedule Attainment Example
Production Week: 10 Workcentre #8
Tolerance: Plus 2%
Minus 3%
Upper Qty Lower Qty. Schedule
Order Sched. QTY. Allowed Allowed Transferred QTY. Attained
Target 90%
In Compliance No
Example: Sa.xls
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Other Key Performance Measures for Shop
Floor Control
BOM accuracy
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Capacity Planning
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Capacity defined …
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Design Capacity versus Effective Capacity
Design Capacity
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Measuring Capacity – Design Capacity
What is the maximum throughput we can achieve?
NxHxSxD
Design Capacity (for interval) =
T
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Example – Design Capacity
NxHxSxD
Design Capacity (for interval) =
T
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Example – Utilization in a 7/24 Operation
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Example - Efficiency
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Example – Effective Capacity
What is the effective throughput we can achieve, allowing for
utilization and efficiency?
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Capacity Planning
Objective:
Context:
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Levels of capacity planning:
Strategic Capacity Planning
Strategic Decisions
Facility expansion, closure
Technology change
Major equipment acquisition
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Levels of capacity planning:
Tactical and Operational
Typical Decisions required:
Number of shifts per day, length of shifts, number of
scheduled days per week
Overtime…when, number of extra hours, full or partial
crews
Equipment purchases…when, output rate
Sub-contracting…which products, how long to set up,
additional administrative and transportation costs
Rough Cut Capacity Planning (RCCP), driven from the MPS, tends
toward medium term, tactical view.
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Where does Capacity Planning fit?
Medium Range
Detailed material
Capacity requirement planning
planning
Material and
Short Range
capacity plans
Finite Loading
Vollmann, Thomas E. et al. (2005). Manufacturing Planning and Control Systems for Supply
Chain Management, 5th Edition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
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Strategies for Adding Capacity
Decisions about Timing:
Lead the Demand
Match the Demand
Lag the Demand
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Recap
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Appendix
References:
Blackstone Jr, John H. (Ed). (2008). APICS Dictionary 12th Edition.
Alexandria, VA: APICS – The Educational Society for Resource
Management.
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