 Eliminate the danger (safe design).

 Reduce or eliminate the need to approach the

dangerous machinery part.

 Making access to dangerous parts difficult.

 Protective clothing or equipment.

 Training to improve operator’s ability to
recognise danger.
 Redesign to make dangers more obvious (or
use warning signs).
 Training to improve skills in avoiding injury.
 Improving motivation to
take avoiding action.
 Intrinsic Failure to
Safety Safety
Eliminate the Ensure that machines
danger at design fail to safety and not to
stage. danger.

Machine Maintenance
Layout and Isolation
Safety by Position
 Steel pin grinding machine: hand feed and
gravity chute feed.
 Fail safe electrical
limit switch.
 Example of a workshop with good
machinery arrangement.
Note : spacing, lighting, cables & pipes, safe
acces for maintenance.
 Example of machine elements that need
guarding.

Note : All machinery hazards require

guarding.
 Strength, stiffness and durability.
 Effects on machine reliability.
 Visibility.
 Control of other hazards, eg. noise.
 Fixed guard
 Interlocked guard
 Control guard
 Automatic guard
 Distance guard
 Adjustable guard
 Self-adjusting guard
 Trip devices
 Two hand controls
 Example of a fixed
enclosing guard.
Note: Guarding
requirement for different
machinery is found in
the factories and
machinery (fencing of
machinery and safety
regulations 1970).
 Interlock guard for
drying tumbler.

Note: When door is

opened the circuit is
broken and the revolving
cylinder stops.
 Automatic guard on a
power press.
Note: This
system is limited
to slow-moving
machinery.
 Example of a
perimeter fence
guard with
fixed panels
and
interlocking
access door.
 Example of an
adjustable guard.
Note: The amount
of protection relies
on close
supervision of the
correct adjustment
of the guard.
 Photoelectric device fitted to a pressbrake.
Note: The machinery must
be able to stop quickly
after the device has been
tripped
(usually
assisted

by a brake).
 Example of a two
hand control device.

Note: Protection is only

provided to the operator,
and not other persons near
the hazard.
 Access not required during normal operation.
a. Fixed guard
b. Distance guard
c. Trip device
 Access is required during normal operation.
a. Interlocking guard
b. Automatic guard
c. Trip device.
d. Adjustable guard
e. Self-adjusting guard
f. Two hand control