AQUACULTURE

GRADE 7 – EXPLORATORY COURSE

 LESSON 1

Use Farm/Fishery Tools and

Equipment
Definition of Terms
Maintenance is an
excellent means of
improving the performance
and condition of
equipment and facilities.
Equipment instruments needed in
performing a service
Hammer most popular and the
commonly used type of hand tool.
Screwdriver is a tool used for
turning screws so as to drive
them into their place.
Shovel a tool with a handle
and a broad scoop or blade for
digging or
Pliers having a pair of pivoted jaws,
used for holding, bending, or
cutting.
Refractometer measuring
instrument for measuring the
refractive index of a
substance.
Hand tools hand operated
tools.
Tools devices that facilitate
work, specifically denote a
small manually operated
Sickle is a curved, hand-held farm
tool typically used for harvesting
grain crop or cutting grass for hay.
Water pump a mechanical device
that moves fluid or gas by pressure
or suction.
Wrench is a hand tool, often
having fixed or adjustable
jaws, used for gripping,
turning, and fastening,
tightening, twisting or
loosening objects.
Classification of
Hand Tools
According to
Requirement/Use
1.Cutting,
Pinching,
Gripping
Tools
Examples are:
Pliers
cutters
2. Striking
Tools
Examples are
hammers
 chisels
3. Driving
Tools
These are tools
designed to insert,
tighten, loosen,
remove screws,
bolt, nails and other
pointed objects.
Examples are:

 screwdrivers
 nut drivers
 hand wrenches
 T-handle
wrenches
4. Struck or
Hammered
Tools
These tools are
used for forcing
a bolt, pin, or
rivet in or out of
a hole.
Examples are:

punches
 nail sets
chisels.
5.Measurin
g tools
1. PULL-
PUSH RULE
2.
WEIGHING
SCALE
3. TRY
SQUARE
4. CALIPER
 Different
Kinds of
Hand Tools
A.Pliers
1. Slip-joint
pliers
2. Groove-
joint pliers
3. Parrot nose
wrench pliers
4. Plumber’s
special pliers
5. General utility
or water pump
pliers
6. Needle-
nose pliers
B. Wrenches
1. Combination
wrench
2. Adjustable
wrench
3. Socket
wrench
4. Flare-nut
wrench or tube
wrench, or line
wrench
C. SCREW DRIVERS
These tools are used
to loosen or tighten
screws.
1. Standard/Flat
Screw Driver.
The blade tip is
wedge-shaped
and resembles a
negative (-) sign.
 2. Philips
Screw Driver.
This has a cross
tip resembling a
positive (+) sign.
3. Stubby Screw
Driver
4. Allen Screw
Driver/Wrench.
This could be in the
shape of a screw driver
or a wrench. Its
function is to drive
screw with hexagonal
slot head.
 D.
HAMMERS
1. CURVED
CLAW
HAMMER
USE FOR NAIL
PULLING &
GENERAL
CARPENTRY
WORK
2. STRAIGHT
CLAW RIP
HAMMER
3. BALL
PEEN
HAMMER
 4. HAND
DRILLING
HAMMER
Directions: Write the letter
of the correct answer on a
piece of paper.
1. A device used to strike or deliver blows to an
object like driving nails, fitting parts and
breaking up objects.
A. hammer B. wrench C. plier D. cutter
2. It is the most popular type of measuring tools
which usually has 6 or 12 inches length.
A. ruler B. folding ruler
C. speed square D. try square
3. This has a cross tip resembling a positive (+) sign. It is
used to drive screws with cross slot heads.

A. Flat screw driver B. Philips screw driver

C. stubby screw driver D. allen screw driver

4. A device for measuring the weight of an object.

A. paper weight B. weighing scale

C. measuring tool D. square
Right tool for
the Right Job
ROUND POINT SHOVEL
GARDEN SHOVEL
SCOOP SHOVEL
BARN FORK
SPADING FORK
BOW RAKE
LEVEL HEAD RAKE
TROWEL
PICK AND MATTOCK
PRUNING SAW
SICKLE
SECCHI DISK
 FISHERY
EQUIPMENT
& FACILITIES
WATER
R PUMP
A- BEFORE
STARTING
THE

Check the engine oil
and fuel

Hose Connections
1. Insert adapters into one end
each of the suction and
discharge hoses

2. Tighten the hose clamp around

the discharge hose until the
connection is airtight.
3. Insert a strainer into
the suction hose
4. Screw the adapters
into the appropriate
pump fittings
B. Priming
Priming is the process of
removing air from the pump and
suction line to permit
atmospheric pressure and
flooding pressure to cause liquid
to flow into the pump
 C. Starting the Engine

1. Place the pump on a level surface.

2. Switch the engine's fuel valve
lever to the "on" position.
3. Turn the choke lever.
4. Turn the throttle
lever slightly to the
right.
5. Switch "on" the
engine.
6. Pull slowly the starter
cord until it engages.
Then pull hard.
7. As the engine warms up,
return the choke lever to its
original position
 D. High-Altitude Operation
The standard carburetor air-fuel
mixture will be too rich at high
altitude (5,000 feet or 1,500-m and
above), decreasing performance and
increasing fuel consumption.
E. Stopping the Engine
 Switch off the engine
and turn the fuel lever to
"off" position.
 F. Transport
1. Make sure the engine
switch and fuel lever are in
the "off".
2. Keep the unit level to
prevent fuel spillage.
 SALINITY
REFRACTO
METER
Salinity Refractometers are designed
for testing the concentration of salt
water and brine. A salinity of up to 5
ppt (parts per thousand) or 0.5 % is
acceptable.
 PH
METER
 PH meter is an electric device used to
measure hydrogen-ion activity (acidity or
alkalinity) in solution. The ideal pH in fish
pond is 6.5 – 9.0 Fish have an average
blood pH of 7.4, so pond water with a pH
close to this is optimum.
DISSOLVE
OXYGEN
METER
DO Meter measures dissolved
oxygen to determine water
quality in a variety. The ideal DO
range is 5-12 mg/L (ppm)
 OTHER
AQUACULTUR
E FACILTIES
FISHPON
D
Fishpond is an artificial body
of water surrounded by dikes
and with accessories such as
gates, pipes and canals to
facilitate water supply
FISH PEN
Fish pen is an area enclosed
by nets on all sides and
utilizes the lake bed and
other bodies of water as the
bottom enclosure
FISH
CAGE
Fish cage is a structure
fully enclosed by nets on all
sides and bottom supported
either by a fix rigid frame or
by floats which rise and fall
with the water level or tide.
FISH
TANK
Fish Tank is a large
container of liquids,
rectangular, square or
circular in shape
usually used in
 Maintenance Program
Maintenance is an excellent
means of improving the
performance and condition
of equipment and facilities.
Factors contributing to
the rapidly growing
interest in maintenance:
Technological Development

This trend leads to a more mechanized

and automated equipment, resulting in
great productive potential which must be
kept working.
  Increasingly Expensive Raw Materials

Finite raw materials, in combination with a

growing population and increasing consumption,
inevitably result in higher process for raw
material. Consequently, the costs of all by-
products rises too.
  Complication
A complicated piece of equipment is
composed of many components, any or
all of which can constitute possible
sources of trouble.
  Fixed Costs
Capital costs constitute a considerable
part of the total costs of training and
must be covered by the added value
created.
  Reduce Delayed
Activities And Eradicate
Uncompleted Work
 Gains from maintaining facilities
1. Ensured SAFE environment
2. Improved MORALE of human
resources
3. Reduced operational COST
4. Increased PRODUCTION
5. Prolonged LIFE of facilities
6. Prompt DELIVERY of
services/product
5 Ms in implementing
the maintenance
program
1. Manpower
2. Money (Financial Resources)
3. Methods and System
4. Machines (Facilities)
5. Materials and Supplies
Maintenance program is
a comprehensive list of
maintenance and its
incidents.
Maintenance schedule
is a list allocating specific
maintenance of an area,
including equipment and
tools to a specific period.
 1. WATER PUMP

A.Engine Oil Change.

1. Stop the engine.

2. Remove the filler cap.

3. Open the drain plug and let the oil drain
completely.

4. Check gasket and replace if necessary.

Reinstall the drain

plug and refill the engine with oil

5. Reinstall the filler cap.

 B. Spark Plug Inspection

1. Remove the spark plug.

2. Inspect the spark

3. Chipped.

4. Clean the spark plug with a wire brush if it will

be reused.
5. Measure the plug gap with a feeler
gauge.

6. Thread the spark plug back in by

hand to prevent cross threading.
 C. Air Filter Cleaning

1. Unscrew the air filter cover.

2. Remove the filter element and wash well with an

inflammable solvent

3. Pour a small amount of oil into the filter element

4. Reinstall the filter element and air filter cover.

 
 D. Fuel Sediment Cup Cleaning

1. Remove the cup at the bottom of

the fuel valve using a small wrench.

2. Clean with a scouring pad and

brush.
 E. Spark Arrester Cleaning

1. Allow the muffler to cool down before

cleaning.

2. Remove the screw cap and pull out the

spark arrester.
3. Clean the screen with a wire brush and
reinstall.
Preventive Maintenance
for Farm/Fishery
Equipment
WATER
PUMP
A.Engine Oil Change.
1. Stop the engine.
2. Remove the filler cap.
3. Open the drain plug and let the oil
drain completely.
4. Check gasket and replace if necessary.
5. Reinstall the filler cap.
B. Spark Plug Inspection

1. Remove the spark plug.

2. Inspect the spark

3. Chipped.
4. Clean the spark plug with a
wire brush if it will be reused.
5. Measure the plug gap with a
feeler gauge.
6. Thread the spark plug
back in by hand to
prevent cross threading.
C. Air Filter Cleaning
1. Unscrew the air filter
cover.
2. Remove the filter element and wash
well with an inflammable solvent
3. Pour a small amount of oil into the
filter element
4. Reinstall the filter element and air filter
cover.
Write PP if the statement tells

proper preventive maintenance

and IM if does not.

1. Do not use flammable

cleaners or water on

electrical equipment.
2. Clean the tools and equipment you used and
check them for any damage.

3. All workshop equipment should have a

maintenance schedule.
4. Store commonly used tools in a
difficult-to-reach location.
5. Inspect any electrical cables for dirt, oil
or grease and for any chafing or exposed
wires.
 6. Have a waste bin close to your work
and place any waste in it.
7. Dispose liquid and solid waste such as
oils, coolant and worm components
anywhere.
8. Keep electrical power tools free from
dust and dirt and make sure they are free of
oil and grease.

9. Keep your work area tidy. This will help

your work more efficiently and safely.
10. Pour solvents or
other chemical when
cleaning the equipment.
PERFORMING ESTIMATION
(TLE_AFAQ7/8MC-ID-1)

ESTIMATING QUANTITY
OF MATERIALS TO
COMPLETE A WORK TASK
* BILL OF MATERIALS *
CONVERSION *
ESTIMATION
* CALCULATION *
METRIC SYSTEM
MATERIALS QUANTITY UNIT COST TOTAL

1. Gravel 1 ELF load 1,400.00 1,400.00

2. Sand 1 ELF 1,000.00 1,000.00

load
3. CHB 160 pcs 5.50 800.00
4x 8x16
4. 23 bags 182.00 4,186.00
Portland
cement
5. Steel 16 pcs 175.00 2,800.0
Bar 0
(10 mm)
6. Sahara 9 bags 30.00 270.00
cement

7. PVC ¾ 5 pcs 100.00 500.00

8. PVC 6 pcs 15.00 90.00

Elbow ¾
9. PVC 4 91 pc 220.00 220.00

10. PVC 1 small 35.00 35.00

Solvent can
cement

11. Faucet 1 pc. 130.00 130.00

Materials Quantity Unit Cost Total
(Php) (Php)
1. Gravel 2 ELVES 400 ?
load
2. Faucet 2pcs. Faucet ? 110

3. Steel ? 25 250
4. Sahara Cement ? 35 350

5. Portland 20 bags 245 ?

TIME IS A VERY
IMPORTANT ELEMENT TO
CONSIDER IN A WORK
ACTIVITY.
 
PROJECT PROGRAMMING IS A LISTING
OF WORK ACTIVITIES IN RELATION TO
MANPOWER REQUIREMENT VERSUS THE
VOLUME OR PIECE OF REQUIRED AT A
CERTAIN TIME OF DEVELOPMENT.
ACTIVITIES NATURE OF DAILY DURATION SUPPORT
APPOINTME LABOR (DAYS) FACILITIES
REQUIREME AND
NT NT EQUIPMENT
(8 hr/day)

1. Cleaning Daily 5 laborers 14 Plastic hose

and
marking
the park of
dikes
 2.       Digging blades /

Earthwor tractor/ rotavator /

bulldozer.
k

a. Contract 20 45  
Constructi labor laborers
on of
dikes
 b. Contract 10 20  
Construction labor Laborers
of dikes

c. Levelling Contract 5 laborers 10  

Labor
 3.       Carpentry

Construction tools, digging

and installation blades

of gates and

pipes

a. Daily 5 Laborers 10  

Construction
  
b. Daily 5 laborers 10

Installation
 
4. Finishing Daily 5 laborers 10

touches
Activities Nature of Daily Duration Labor
appoint labor (Days) cost
requireme (P300/day)
ment nts
(8
hrs/day)
1. Clearing        
and marking        
the park of Daily 5 5 Labor
dikes Laborers Cost
(300 / day)
2. Earthwork        
a.        
Construction Contract 20 5 ?
labor laborers
of dikes
b.
Construction

of dikes
3.        
Construction Contract 10 5 ?
and labor laborers
installation of
gates and
pipes
FEED FORMULATION IS THE
PROCESS OF MIXING
TOGETHER VARIOUS
INGREDIENTS IN RIGHT
PROPORTION TO PRODUCE A
NUTRITIONALLY BALANCED
DIET.
Diet with two ingredients
Balance as 30% protein diet
with the following ingredients:
Fish meal (60% crude protein)
Rice bran (8% crude protein)
    1. Draw a square
and place desired
protein level of the
diet at the middle.
2. Place the two
ingredients and their
protein content at the
left side of the square.
    3. Subtract the protein
content of each
ingredient from the
desired protein level of
the feed.
Place the difference at
the corner of the square
diagonally opposite the
ingredient.
4. Take the sum
of the numbers at
the right of the
Fish meal 22 Parts
60%

Rice bran 30 Parts

8% 30 52 Parts
(22 ÷ 52 ) ×100 = 42.31%
(30 ÷ 52) × 100    
= 57.69 %
The diet formula is:
Fish meal = 42.31 g
Rice bran = 57.69 g
100.00 gram diet
To check if the desired level of
protein was met, multiply the
weight by protein content of
each feed ingredient and sum
up.
Fish meal 42.31 g × 0.60 =
25.39
Rice bran 57.69 g × 0.08 =
4.61
30.00 g protein
 Stock
Sampling
Stock sampling is important for
estimating average fish weights
and standing crop weight. It si
also needed to adjust daily feed
Average Body Weight (ABW) =
total weight at a particular time
(g) divided by the total number
of fish samples

Example:
SAMPLE NO. OF TOTAL
FISH WEIGHT (G)
1 30 900
2 40 1200
3 50 1050
Sample 1: ABW = 900g    =      30g
                               30
Sample 2: ABW = 1200g  =      30g
                               40
Sample 3: ABW = 1050g   =      21g
                               50
 SAMPLE NO. OF TOTAL WEIGHT
FISH (G)

1 110 4400
2 48 1680
3 65 1625
4. 79 2686
5. 185 7955
 To convert Into Multiply by
English Metric unit
LENGTH    
Inches Centimeters 2.54
Inches Millimeters 25.4
Feet Centimeter 30.48
Feet Millimeters 304.0
Yard Meters 0.914
Volume    
Pint Liter 0.473
Quarts Liter 0.946
LENGTH  
English units  
1 foot 12 inches
1 yard 3 feet
1 mile 5280 feet
1 nautical mile 1.1516 statute mile
1 acre 208.71 feet
Metric units  
10 millimeter (mm) 1 centimeter (cm.)
10 cm 1 decimeter (dm.)
10 dm 1 meter (m.)
1000 m 1 kilometer (km.)
Volume/capacity  
Metric unit  
1 centiliter (cl.) 10 milliliters (ml)
Layout the manner in which
something is displayed or laid out.

Plan a drawing or diagram made to

scale showing the structure

or arrangement of something.
 Fishpond Lay Out

Map is a graphical
representation of the
ground drawn to scale.
 Marginal
Information of
the Map
 1. Sheet Name or Title –
means the name of the map.
This should be placed on top

of the map.
2. Sheet Number – this
should be placed on the
upper right-hand corner
of the map.
3. Scale – this should
be placed center
down of the map.
4. Legend – this should
be placed on the lower
right-hand corner of the
map.
 5. Edition Note – This
should be placed on the
lower left-hand corner of
the map.
A one hectare lay out of a
conventional pond system
with the following
specifications:
 Area = 10,000 m2

NP = 1% of the total production area

TP = 9% of the production area

RP = 80% of the production area

CP = At least 2% of the NP
1. Nursery pond (NP) –
for the rearing of fish fry
to fingerlings size.
Transition pond (TP) - for
the storage or
acclimatization of
fingerlings. It is located
adjacent to the nursery
pond in order to have an
effective and easy transfer
Rearing pond (RP) – for raising
fingerlings up to marketable
size. It is the largest
compartment in the pond
system.
Breeding pond –
for confining
breeders.
Hatching pond –
for depositing
eggs until these
are hatched.
Catching pond (CP) – for confining
and catching fry, fingerlings and fish
of marketable size. It is constructed
at the gate inside the pond where it
is intended to be used.
Head pond – for
storing reserve water.
Feed pond – for
producing food such as
lab-lab, lumut or
plankton.
Water supply canal – for
supplying water to the
different compartments.
Modular Pond System- The
NP comprises about 4% of
the TPA. The TP covers
only 6% of the TPA. The RP
is divided into three
Production Process Sates
(PPS).