PRACTICAL

RESEARCH II
Prepared by: K. Mamasig
 LIST RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
AND PRESENTS WRITTEN REVIEW
OF RELATED LITERATURE
MOST ESSENTIAL
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES:

1. LISTS RESEARCH
HYPOTHESIS(IF APPROPRIATE)
(CS_RS12-IF-J-8);AND

2. PRESENTS WRITTEN REVIEW

OF RELATED LITERATURE AND
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
(CS_RS12-IF-J-9).
LESSON 1:
HYPOTHESIS
is a statement of
expectation or projection
that will be tested by
research

HYPOTHESI
S

As stated by Jansen (2020), a research

A tentative prediction about the hypothesis (also called a scientific hypothesis)
relationship between 2 or more is a statement about the expected outcome
variables under the study of a scientific study (for example, a
dissertation or thesis).
HYPOTHESIS
• a PREDICTED ANSWER of your Research Question/s
• an INTELLIGENT GUESS on the relationship between your
variables

RESEARCH RESEARCH
QUESTION HYPOTHESIS VARIABLE
CHARACTERISTICS OF A
HYPOTHESIS
STATES THE EXPECTED RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
VARAIBLES
TESTABLE

DERIVED FROM THE PROBLEM STATEMENT

SIMPLE AND CONCISE

WHAT TYPE OF STUDY DOES
HYPOTHESIS BE PRESENT?

EXPERIMENTAL TYPE OF
RESEARCH
HYPOTHESIS
• If the RESULT of the experiment is the SAME AS THE
HYPOTHESIS
= HYPOTHESIS IS ACCEPTED
• If the RESULT of the experiment is the EXACT OPPOSTIE OF THE
HYPOTHESIS
= HYPOTHESIS IS REJECTED
TYPE OF HYPOTHESIS
NULL HYPOTHESIS (H0)- formulated forth purpose of
statistical analysis
--Always expressed as a negative statement
2. ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS (H1)- used as contrary
or as an alternate to Null Hypothesis
RESEARCH QUESTION: IS THERE A
SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN PEER TUTORING AND
STUDENTS’ LEVEL OF READING
FLUENCY?
NULL (H0):There is no significant relationship between
peer tutoring and students’ level of reading.

ALTERNATIVE (H1): There is a significant relationship

between peer tutoring and and students’ level of
reading fluency.
LESSON 2: REVIEW OF
RELATED LITERATURE

It’s only a critical recap of what has already been researched on a topic

A literature review surveys books, scholarly articles, and any other sources relevant to a
particular issue, area of research, or theory, and by so doing, provides a description, summary,
and critical evaluation of these works in relation to the research problem being investigated.

Literature reviews are designed to provide an overview of sources you have explored while
researching a particular topic and to demonstrate to your readers how your research fits within a
larger field of study (Fink, 2014).
STEPS IN
WRITING
RRL
1.Search for relevant
literature on your topic
- search in the right
scholarly databases
- search your keywords
2. Evaluate and select
sources
STEPS IN WRITING RRL

- Look for: trends,

and patterns,
3. Identify themes, themes, debates/
debates, and gaps contradictions,
influential studies,
and gaps
STEPS IN
WRITING RRL
4. Outline your literature review’s structure

4 approaches to structure literature review:

A. Chronological- from older to more recent

publications

B. Thematic—organized around several key themes

C. Methodological- compare the different reseach

methods

D. Theoretical- discuss opposing theories or models

TAKE NOTE!
1. Introduction- Discusses briefly the research problem and the significance of the study.
- Presents the organization of the discussion of the claims and arguments of experts and researchers aligned with
the topic of interest

2. Main body- Contains a narrative of relevant ideas and findings found in the reports of other researchers that
support the present research problem.
-Not simply a listing and discussion of research findings but must be organized to form a story that will help the
conduct of the research
3. Conclusion/synthesis- Ties together the main ideas revealed in the review of related literature. Presents an overall
picture of what was established up to the present, and perhaps how the review can support the development and
conduct of the research
- Explains why the review is relevant and helpful to the present research
4. Bibliography- Contains the full bibliographic information of all the sources mentioned in the review.
Needed in building the references section of the research report
ANY
QUESTION?
TO DO LIST
WHAT I HAVE
LEARNED: PAGE 9
ASSESSMENT: PAGE 20
SUBMISSION DATE:
MARCH 26, 2022
HEADS UP!
RESEARCH PAPER: PASS YOUR REVISED CHAPTER 1 AND RRL
(DRAFT) ON MARCH 26, 2022
ANY
QUESTION?
THANK YOU!