DESIGN AND

FABRICATION OF
ROTARY SILICA SAND
SIEVING MACHINE WITH
SOLAR BASED POWER

BSME 4C
OVERVIEW
In the preceding decade, most construction sites depended on the standard sand filtration and separation
technique. This process is easy and inexpensive, so everyone can apply it. Unfortunately, the method
requires a significant amount of time and work to get a decent result. Despite numerous studies on sand
sieving machines, they are not popular among construction and quarry owners due to their complexity in
operation and the expensive cost of the machine.

People nowadays prefer to save money and time by employing the most efficient and effective methods.
For small-scale construction projects, the rotary silica sand sieving machine provides a speedier service.
However, for small-scale construction sites such as apartments, residential, and quarry, a rotary silica sand
sieving machine that is pleasant and easy to operate is required, regardless of where the construction project
will be carried out.
INTRODUCTION

Silica sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral
particles. It is primarily composed of silica, which is a compound of silicon and oxygen, and is one of
the most abundant minerals on Earth. Silica sand is commonly used in a variety of industrial
applications, such as glass manufacturing, construction, and foundry work, due to its unique physical
and chemical properties.

In several towns in Bohol, particularly in Dangay, Alburquerque, Bohol was recognized on having rich
on Silica Sand and they used it as an alternative aggregate as additive in cement for construction.
Hence, the name of the barangay “ Dangay” itself is based on the type of soil that enriches it and its
abundance of Silica Sand.
OBJECTIVES
1. The main purpose of the study is to design, develop, test and assess the rotary silica sand sieving machine. A design
that is powered electrically and a solar back-up power with an ultrasonic sensor that automatically never operates when
the cover of the rotary net is open upon detection.

2. To test the functionality of the rotary silica sand sieving machine and its performance in terms of:
2.1 efficiency on how well the machine can sieve ;
2.2. production rate on how much work can be produced in a certain period of time; and
2.3. energy consumption on how much energy is used per unit time from
a.Electricity Power ; and
b.Solar Energy.
3. To assess the machine designed in terms of:
3.1 Speed of work;
3.2 Product output based on
a.Electricity Power ; and
b.Solar Power.
3.3 Cost difference analysis between manual sieving and RSSSM;
3.4 Acceptability Level of the Rotary Silica Sand Sieving Machine
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 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
The goal of this research was to design and fabricate a rotary silica sand sieving
machine that filters sand automatically. The studies also looked at the machine's
efficiency and compare it to the efficiency of human labor. The researchers would
only sieve a grain silica sand that only ranges for a size of 0 to 8 mm as standards
for construction plastering and cement additive for hollowblock.

The locale of the study would be in Dangay, Alburquerque,Bohol with a

latitude of 9.64 North, longitude of 123.98 East and an Altitude of 285.43
ft. wherein it is rich in silica sand. Figure 1.2 shows the map of Dangay,
Alburquerque, Bohol wherein the conduct and fabrication of the thesis
study project was held.

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PROCESS
FLOW IN FIG 3.2.1 PROCESS
MAKING FLOW OF DESIGN AND
THE FABRICATION OF A
RSSSM
MACHINE
 The working principle of the Sieving Machine mainly depends on converting rotary
motion provided by electric motor. The current in battery was converted from the
solar energy to electrical energy. Rotary motion produced by electric motor was
transmitted to shaft fitted with sieve net using belt drive. Shaft was fitted to
framework with the help of bearing. The homogeneous mixture of silica sand and
pebbles were fed from the slider hopper which falls on the sieve net fixed on the
WORKING rotating shaft. Then due to relative motion between particles and rotating sieve, the
particles smaller were passed through the net and remaining particles falls on the
PRINCIPLE other side. The fine silica sand would directly fall into the ground ,it would passed
and stored in the hopper down to the sack . When the cover of the rotary mesh net
was open ,the operation of sieving would hinders.
DESIGN (SOLIDWORKS)

FRONT VIEW ISOMETRIC VIEW BACK VIEW

 MOTOR FRAME

Electric motor is an electrical machine Frame provides structural integrity and

that converts electrical energy into stability of a machine. Frame had required
SELECTION OF mechanical energy. We used 1/6 hp motor efficiency to hold all the loads of machine
with a 1400 rpm. parts. Mild steel was used for the framework
PROJECT of our machine.

COMPONENTS
AND
PULLEY PILLOW BLOCK BALL BEARING
MATERIALS Two pulleys of variable dimensions are
used. The larger one was attached to the Two ball bearings were used in the machine
motor and the smaller one to the shaft holding the shaft and rotating the screening
holding the screening net and both were net.
connected with belt drive which transmits
the motion from motor to the drive.
 BELT BATTERY

Battery consists of one or more cells arranged in series or

Belt’s primary function was to transfer
parallel combination to produce voltage of desired levels.
power (rotary energy) from one source to
Chemical reactions that take place in batteries create a flow
SELECTION OF another. An A section V-belt A-40 and A-
of electrons in a circuit. The the study ,the researchers used
49 with a ½ by 5/16 inch was used in the
PROJECT study.
Gel Battery with a capacity of 12-V 200 AH.

COMPONENTS
AND SOLAR PANEL SOLAR CHARGER CONTROLLER

MATERIALS TA solar panel is actually a collection of solar (or photovoltaic) It regulates the amperage and voltage that is
cells, which can be used to generate electricity through delivered to the loads and any excess power
photovoltaic effect. These cells are arranged in a grid-like is delivered to the battery system so the
pattern on the surface of solar panels. We used one batteries maintain their state of charge
Polycrystalline Solar Panel with a power of 250 watts , open-
without getting overcharged.
circuit voltage (Voc) of 37.6 V and a voltage at maximum power
(Vmp) of 30.8 V. The solar panel served as the source of energy
for the battery to be charged.
 MCB or MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER
POWER INVERTER
It is a power electronic device or circuitry that changes
direct current ( DC) to alternating current (AC) . The We used 20 Amp circuit breaker to
researchers used 6000 watts power inverter. This unit can automatically stop the flow of power in a 20
provide and operate 50 amps of alternating power which Amp circuit. This helps protect the machine
SELECTION OF gives the ability to power a large variety of electronics. from the risk of fire due to a short circuit or
With this much power, it backup the researcher’s overcurrent.
PROJECT machine.
COMPONENTS
AND
MOTOR STARTER PUSHBUTTONS AND INDICATOR LIGHTS
MATERIALS The researchers used an electromagnetically The resarchers used a simple switch mechanism to control the
operated device that starts and stops a connected start and stop process of our machine. The red light determined
motor load. It consists of an electrical contactor as to stop the operation of the machine by pressing the red
and an overload which provides protection in button below on it and the green light determined as to start the
operation by pressing the green button as well. The researchers
case of a sudden loss of power.
had also put an orange indicator light for overload.
 SIEVE SCREEN
A device for separating wanted elements from
unwanted material or for controlling the particle
SELECTION OF size distribution of a sample. We used 2.36 mm
openings of screen to sieve silica sand for
PROJECT construction plastering.
COMPONENTS
AND
ULTRASONIC SENSOR HC-SR04
MATERIALS The researchers used HC-SR04 ,an ultrasonic
ranging module that provides 2 cm to 400 cm non-
contact measurement function. The ranging
accuracy can reach to 3mm and effectual angle is
< 15°. It can be powered from a 5V power supply.
ARDUINO UNO
The researchers used an open-source electronics
platform based on easy-to-use hardware and
software. Arduino board is equipped with sets of
digital and analog input/outputs pins that may be
interfaced to various expansion boards and other
circuits. The researchers used this for to do the
programming in this board.
5V RELAY MODULE
The researchers used an automatic switch
that is commonly used in an automatic
control circuit and to control a high-current
using a low-current signal. The input voltage
of the relay signal ranges from 0 to 5V.
FABRICATION

FRAME ROTARY MESH MOTOR

FABRICATION

WIRING (SENSOR AND SOLAR CONNECTION)

TESTING
DATA GATHERING
RESULTS ON
TESTING

TABLE 4.2 MACHINE PERFORMANCE FOR SILICA SAND

RESULTS ON
TESTING

TABLE 4.2 MACHINE PERFORMANCE FOR SILICA SAND

RESULTS ON
TESTING

TABLE 4.3 MACHINE’S FUNCTIONALITY IN TERMS OF

PRODUCTION RATE
RESULTS ON
TESTING

TABLE 4.4 PERFORMANCE LEVEL OF THE ROTARY SILICA SAND

SIEVING MACHINE IN TERMS OF SPEED OF WORK
RESULTS ON
TESTING

TABLE 4.5 MACHINE’S EFFICIENCY IN TERMS OF PRODUCT

PRODUCED PER KW-HR
REALIZATIONS
·The rotary silica sand sieving machine was more efficient on dry silica sand.

·The rotary silica sand sieving machine had more production rate on dry silica sand.

·The rotary silica sand sieving machine was more efficient when using electricity as its primary
source of power than solar energy. Moreover, we can save in terms of power cost if we use solar
energy.

·The rotary silica sand sieving machine had more production rate when using electricity as its primary
source of power than solar energy.

·The rotary silica sand sieving machine had a higher speed of work than manual sieving process.

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CONCLUSION

Based on the information gathered, we can conclude that the rotary silica sand sieving machine was
more efficient and productive method of sieving both dry and wet silica sand compared to manual
sieving. The machine was also more efficient when using electricity as its primary source of power
rather than solar energy. However, it should be noted that using solar energy could result in cost
savings in terms of power consumption. Additionally, the machine has a higher speed of work
compared to manual sieving, which could lead to increased productivity.

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RECOMMENDATIONS
• The future researchers may improvise the machine by decreasing the weight of it without
sacrificing the structural integrity of the machine.
• Use larger pulley in order to have lesser rpm.
• The future researchers may create a hopper that can cater more kilograms of silica sand to sieve.
• Future researchers may use solar energy as the primary source not on electricity.
• Future researchers may improve the structure of the machine.

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THE RESEARCHERS

KIM ADESON GUARIN JOHN REY CALINIAHAN KENNETH GENITA FRANCISNEIL TEVES
Leader Member Member Member
THANK YOU

FOR
LISTENING
2023 Feb 27
GOD BLESS