PRESENTE TO : MISS FATIMA SUNDUS

PRESENTED BY : MAIMOONA FATIMA MUHAMMAD

DOCTOR OF PHYSICAL THERAPY BATCH -2
CONTENTS

DEFINITONS
MITOSIS [ ALL PHASES ]
RNA [ ALL 5 TYPES ]
DEFINITON

MITOSIS : The process in which single parent cell divided into two new daughter cell.
PHASES :Prophase,Prometaphase ,Metaphase ,Anaphase ,Telophase
PROPHASE
STATEMENT :THE PROCESS THAT
SEPARATES THE DUPLICATED
GENETIC MATERIAL CARRIED IN THE
NUCLEUS OF PARENT CELL INTO
TWO IDENTICAL DAUGHTER CELLS.
DURING PROPHASE THE COMPLEX
OF DNA AND PROTEINS CONTAINED
IN THE NUCLEUS , KNOWN AS
CHROMATIN CONDENSES.
FUNCTION : THE CONDENSATION OF
CHROMOSOMES, THE MOVEMENT
OF THE CENTROSOMES.
 PROMETAPHASE
 Statement : Prometaphase begins when the nuclear envelope disassembles , exposing
nuclear structures and its contents to the cytoplasm. It is the second stage of mitosis.
 Function : During prometaphase the physical barrier that encloses the nucleus, called
the nuclear envelop, breaks down.
 METAPHASE
 Statement: The process of cell division in which the nucleus dissolve and the
cell’s chromosome condense and move together , aligning in the center of the
cell division.
 Function : Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
 ANAPHASE
 Statement : The fourth phase of mitosis , the process that separate the duplicated
genetic material carried in the nucleus of a parent cell into two identical daughter
cells.
 Function : Chromatids break apart at the centromere and move to opposite poles.
 TELOPHASE
 Statement: The last phase of mitosis in which sister chromatids separate and the
new nuclei are formed.
 Function : Two nuclei formed after nuclear envelopes reform around each group
of chromosomes.
 RIBONUCLEIC ACID [RNA]

 Statement : A complex compound of higher molecular weight that functions

in cellular protein synthesis.
 TYPES : 1. MESSANGER RNA [[mRNA] , 2. Transfer RNA [tRNA] ,
3.Ribosome RNA [rRNA] 4.
 MESSENGER RNA TRANSFER RNA
 It a type of single stranded RNA that  It’s a small RNA molecule that plays a key
involved in protein synthesis. role in protein synthesis.
 RIBOSOME RNA
 Molecule in cells that forms part of the protein synthesizing organelle