BAB I CELL

Physiological of Nutrition
Department Nutrition and Feed Technology
 C E LL
 Cell is the smallest unit in basic biologycal
status
 Originally from word : cellulae (Latin)

 Prokaryotic (no nucleus) well adapted to the

unicellular condition

 Eukaryotic (have nucleus) well adapted to the

multicellular condition
 Cell is a life unit in the body

 Cell have reproduction capability due to

their complete organels

 Cell  muscle tissue  organ -> body

 Cell + Cell - have special function

Cell, Muscle tissue and Organ
 Differences of plant cell and animal cell

 Plant cell (Schleiden) Animal cell (Schwan)

Plant cell is bigger than animal cell Animal cell is smaller than plant
The shape is consistent Do not have a constant shape
They have membran cell. Do not have cell membran.
They have chlorophyl
ch . Do not have chlorophyl
ch .
They have vacuola . Do not have vacuola, but some
have deposit energy as a grain (granule) Deposit energy as a (granule)
glycogen.
 Structure of Cell
 Cell Membrane : selective permeable
 Cytoplasm : for metabolism processes
 Nucleus : have DNA chromosome for protein
synthesis
 Nucleolus
o
Reticulum endoplasmic : protein synthesis and transport
Complex Golgi : water and lipid balancing
o
Lysosomes : intercelular digestibility
o
Mitochondria : ATP synthesis
o
Ribosome : protein production containing tRNA, mRNA and
rRNA
PROKARYOTIC CELL STRUCTURE
(A TYPICAL BACTERIUM)
EUKARYOTIC CELL STRUCTURE
MITOCHONDRIA
ATP synthesis at mitochondria
 Component of Cell
 Water : the highest part of the cell
 Electrolit :inorganic materials for chemical
reaction in the cell
 Protein :Structure protein and globular
protein as an enzim
 Lipid : for cell membrane (phospholipid
and cholesterol)
 Carbohydrate : as a nutrient for the cell.
Skin cell
Kinds of cell
 Mechanism in the cell

 Homeostasis : is a regulation proses in the

body in order to be constant

 Phinositosis : is a proses where the

molecule go in site to the cell
 Mechanism in the cell

 Diffusion : a continue moving of molecul

in a liquid or gas

 Osmosis : molecul moving due to the

differences of gradient concentration
through the membrane permeable
Difference concentration in extracellular and
intracellular liquid
 Extraseluler fluid
 Na+ --------------------------------142 mEq/L --------------------
K+ ------------------------4 mEq/L --------------------------------
Ca++ ------------------------------2.4 mEq/L ---------------------
Mg++ ------------------------------1.2 mEq/L --------------------
Cl- ----------------------------------103 mEq/L -------------------
HCO3- -----------------------------28 mEq/L ---------------------
Fosfat ------------------------------4 mEq/L ---------------------
SO4- ---------------------------------1 mEq/L --------------------
Glukosa ------------------------------90 mg/dl -------------------
Asam Amino ------------------------30 mg/dl -------------------
KolesterolFosfolipid ---------0.5 gm/dl -------Lemak Netral
 PO2- -------------------------------35 mmHg ---------------------
PCO2- ---------------------------------46 mmHg -----------------
pH -------------------------------------7.4 mmHg -----------------
 Protein ------------------------2 gm/dl ---------------- (5mEq/L)
 Thank you

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