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Formation of Societies
WHAT is a SOCIETY?
•A society is a group of people with
common territory, interaction, and culture.
•The word “society” comes from the Latin
root socius, meaning “companion” or
“being with others.”
•From French word societe, meaning
“fellowship”
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7 Million Years Ago humans fed themselves exclusively by hunting wild animals
and gathering wild plants
1. AVAILABILITY OF
MORE CONSUMABLE
CALORIES MEANS
MORE PEOPLE
= only a small minority
are inedible to people
since they are:
a. indigestible
b.poisonous
c. low nutritional
value
d. tedious to prepare
e. difficult to gather
f. dangerous to hunt
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Korowai tribe of New Guinea

 Food production evolved last 11,000ya
domestication and eating the resulting livestock and crops
ANIMAL HUSBANDRY MORE DEPENDABLE FOOD
PLANT CULTIVATION FOOD SUPPLY SURPLUS

ACCUMULATION DIVISION OF LARGER HUMAN

TRADE
OF OBJECT LABOR GROUPS

FEUDS & WAR SLAVERY

SOCIAL INEQUALITIES AT SOME INHERITED WEALTH

PEOPLE ACCUMULATE MORE

CHANGES IN FORMS OF CONCENTRATED

LEADERSHIP WEALTH AND POWER
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By increasing the availability of food (selecting and
growing), gives the first of many military advantages that
food-producing tribes gained over hunter-gatherer tribes
Societies with domestic animals fed more people (good
source of animal protein): f u r n i s h i n g m e a t , m i l k ,
f e r t i l i z e r, p u l l i n g p l o w s
POPULATION GROWTH SOCIAL ORGANIZATION TRANSPORTATION