Plagiarism

Sources Used:
1. Hacker, Diana, and Nancy Sommers. A Writer’s Reference. Boston: Bedford/
St. Martin’s; 7th edition, 2010.
2. PlagiarsimdotORG. “Types of Plagiarism.”
http://www.plagiarism.org/plag_article_types_of_plagiarism.html.
3. Sommers, Nancy. “Expository Writing.” Lecture, Harvard University, 2008.
4. The Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL). “Avoiding Plagiarism.”
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/589/1/.
 What is Plagiarism?
• Originally, plagiarism is derived from 2 Latin words;
- Plagiarius which means “abductor”
- Plagiare which means “to steal”

• Uncredited use of somebody else's words or ideas

- Purdue OWL

• To copy another person's ideas, words

or work and pretend that they are
your own - Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary
 What is Plagiarism?
• Descriptive
– It is copying another person’s words or ideas without giving due credit.

• Normative
– It is a violation of ethics and intellectual property.

• Functional
– It is used to avoid doing original work, or as a result of ignorance about citations.

• Analogy
– It is similar to stealing a painting from an artist’s studio, and then selling it as
your own work.
 BBC News February 28, 2011
Minority Report-like adverts ‘may hit the UK next year’
By Dave Lee

In 2002, Steven Spielberg's hugely successful film Minority Report set imaginations alight, showing a glimpse of what
the world could be like in the not-too-distant future. Its plot revolved around a special police unit named 'PreCrime'
which would predict when a murder was about to take place, giving police a chance to capture the potential criminal be-
fore they could commit the act.
Yet for many, by far the most intriguing 'invention' in Minority Report intrusively made itself known as Tom Cruise's
character strolled through a mall. "John Anderton!" an advertisement yelled. "You could use a Guinness right about now!“
As Anderton walked on, his world was a blur of noise and distraction emanating from adverts all over the room.
The film was set in 2054, but while we are still many years away from the Minority Report world, a new report suggests
that adverts like the ones in the film may be well on the way, and indeed, that some already exist. Written by the Centre
for Future Studies, it predicts an advertising revolution taking place over the next 12 months. Their report - commissioned
by 3MGTG, which specializes in digital advertising - foresees the first step to be advertisements that adapt to our moods.
The tech has been dubbed 'Gladverts' by the report's authors. They envision a world where emotion recognition soft-
ware (ERS) can tell if you are happy or sad and then serve up an advert based on how you feel. In Japan, technology com-
pany NEC has already developed a system which can work out a person's gender, estimate their age, and serve up adverts
suited to that demographic. In the further future, this targeted advertising may go a step further by not only knowing
your mood, but also information such as age, gender and interests, possibly powered by social networking profiles.
"Steven Spielberg got it wrong," says Daniel Steinbichler, 3MGTG's chief executive. "It will be more advanced than the
director ever imagined. Instead of just recognizing consumers by name, technology such as gladvertising will allow brands
to offer interactive experiences.”
 What did they do wrong?

• Read the paragraphs on your handout.

• Find which student plagiarized.

• Identify how the student is guilty of plagiarism.

 Paper #1

The report's authors named this technology ‘Gladverts.’ They envi-

sion a world where emotion recognition software (ERS) can notice if you
are happy or sad and then serve up an advert based on your emotions.
In Japan, technology company NEC has already developed a system
which can work out a person's gender, estimate their age, and serve up
adverts that fit that demographic. In the further future, this targeted
advertising may advance by not only knowing your mood, but also other
personal information possibly powered by social networking profiles.
 Paper #2

The tech has been dubbed 'Gladverts' by the report's authors. They en-
vision a world where emotion recognition software (ERS) can tell if you are
happy or sad and then serve up an advert based on how you feel. As a mat -
ter of fact, a Japanese technology company NEC has already developed a
system that can match one's demographic and suitable adverts. In the fur-
ther future, this targeted advertising may go a step further by not only
knowing your mood, but also information such as age, gender and interests,
possibly powered by social networking profiles (Lee, 2011).
 Paper #3

The tech has been dubbed 'Gladverts' by the report's authors. They
envision a world where emotion recognition software (ERS) can tell if you
are happy or sad and then serve up an advert based on how you feel. A
Japanese technology company NEC has already developed a system
which can work out a person's gender, estimate their age, and serve up
adverts suited to that demographic. In the further future, this targeted
advertising may go a step further by not only knowing your mood, but
also information such as age, gender and interests, possibly powered by
social networking profiles.
 Paper #4

The technology so-called 'Gladverts‘ has enabled companies to show

advertisements that adapt to our moods through emotion recognition
software (ERS). For example, “a Japanese technology company NEC has
already developed a system which can work out a person's gender, esti-
mate their age, and serve up adverts suited to that demographic ” (Lee,
2011). Due to such technology, what has been perceived as a farfetched
illusion has now become reality. Furthermore, this targeted advertising
may go a step further by not only knowing your mood, but also informa-
tion such as age, gender and interests, possibly powered by social net-
working profiles (Lee, 2011).
 Types of Plagiarism
• Sources Not Cited

1. “The Ghost Writer”

- The writer copies other’s work, word- for-word.

2. “The Photocopy”
- The writer copies significant portions straight from a single source.

3. “The Potluck Paper”

- The writer copies from several different sources, tweaking the sentences
to make them fit together while retaining most of the original phrasing.
 Types of Plagiarism
• Sources Not Cited

4. “The Poor Disguise”

- The writer has retained the essential content of the source, but has
altered the paper's appearance slightly by changing key words and phrases.

5. “The Labor of Laziness”

- The writer takes time to paraphrase most of the paper from other sources and
make it all fit together, instead of spending the same effort on original work.

6. “The Self-Stealer”
- The writer "borrows" generously from his or her previous work.
 Types of Plagiarism
• Sources Cited (But Still Plagiarized)

1. “The Forgotten Footnote”

- The writer mentions an author's name for a source, but neglects to include
specific information on the location of the material referenced.

2. “The Misinformer”
- The writer provides inaccurate information regarding the sources, making it
impossible to find them.

3. “The Too-Perfect Paraphrase”

- The writer properly cites a source, but neglects to put in quotation marks
that has been copied word-for-word, or close to it.
 Types of Plagiarism
• Sources Cited (But Still Plagiarized)

4. “The Resourceful Citer”

- The writer properly cites all sources, paraphrasing and quotations appropriately.
The catch? The paper contains almost no original work!

5. “The Perfect Crime”

- The writer properly quotes and cites sources in some places, but goes on to
paraphrase other arguments from those sources without citation. This way, the
writer tries to pass off the paraphrased material as his or her own analysis of the
cited material.
 What is Plagiarism?

• Biggest thing to remember:

– It is highly unethical.

– As it is unethical, committing plagiarism is an action that

will have penalties.

– Intention is never an excuse.

 How to Avoid Plagiarism
• USE CITATIONS!!!

- Quotation (direct quotation)

- Paraphrase(keep original idea, use your own

words and sentences, and keep the same
length.
- Summary ( keep original idea, use your own words and
sentences and make it shorter then the original one.)