Wildlife and environment

protection act
Presented by:- Kusumlata,
Khushi Gupta
Topic Covered

• Wild Life Protection Act

• Objective of this Act
• Some terms used under this Act
• Authorities appointed under this act
• Hunting of Wild animals
• Protection of Wild animals and plants
• Penalities
Wild Life Protection Act

• The Wild Life Protection Act, 1972 is an Act of the

Parliament of India enacted on 9th September,
1972.

• It provides for protection of wild animals, birds and

plants ; and for matters connected therewith or
ancillary or incidental thereto.

• It extends to whole of India, except Jammu and

Kashmir.

• It has six schedules which give varying degrees of

protection.
Objective of this Act

• The main objective of the Act are as follows:

• Prohibition on hunting of specified wild animals,

birds and plants.

• Setting up and management of national parks and

wildlife sanctuaries.

• Control of trade and commerce in wildlife, and

wildlife products.
DEFINITIONS OF SOME TERMS
USED UNDER THIS ACT
• 1) Animal

• 2) Animal article

• 3) Hunting

• 4) Trophy

• 5) Wildlife
AUTHORITIES APPOINTED
UNDER THE ACT
• The Central Government may appoint :-
i. A Director of Wild Life preservation.
ii. Assistant Directors of Wild Life preservation.
iii. Other officers and employees as may be necessary.

• The State Government may appoint :-

I. A Chief Wild Life Warden.
II. Wild Life Wardens.
• One Honorary Wild Life Warden in each district
III. Other officers and employees as may be necessary.
 WILD LIFE ADVISORY
BOARD
• The Act enforces and enables the State
Governments and the administrators of the union
Territories to constitute a Wildlife Advisory Board in
each state and union territory. 
• The Board advises the State Government in the
following matters:
a) Areas to be declared as sanctuaries, national parks
or closed areas and their administration.
b) Formulation of policy for protection and conservation
of wildlife.
c) Amendment of any schedule.
d) Harmonizing the need of tribals and dwellers of
forest.
e) Any other matter referred by the State Government.
HUNTING OF WILD ANIMALS

•  Hunting of animals specified in Schedule I, II, III and

IV is prohibited.

• Hunting of wild animals is permitted in certain cases:

a) If the animal has become dangerous to human life
or disabled beyond recovery.
b) Killing or wounding in good faith in defence of
oneself or any other person.

• Any wild animal killed or wounded in defence of any

person shall be Government property.
Hunting of Wild Animals

• Grant of permit for special purposes:

a) Education.
b) Scientific research, Scientific management.
c) Collection of specimen for zoos, museums and similar
institutions.
d) Derivation, collection or preparation of snake-venom for
manufacture of life-saving drugs.

• Previous permission required of the Central Government for

wild animals specified in schedule I before grant of permit.

• For any other wild animals, previous permission of State

Government required before grant of permit
PROTECTION OF SPECIFIED
PLANTS 
• No person shall:
a) willfully pick, uproot, damage, destroy, acquire, or
collect any specified plant from any forest land and
any specified area by Central Government.
b) possess, sell, offer for sale, or transfer by way to gift
or otherwise, or transport any specified plant whether
alive or dead, or part or derivative thereof .

• Member of scheduled tribe residing in that district

are not prevented if it is for their personal use
• Dealing in specified plants without license is
prohibited.

• The purchase of specified plants is permitted only

from licensed dealers.
 SANCTUARIES, NATIONAL
PARKS AND CLOSED AREAS 
• The State Government may, by notification,
declare its intention to constitute any area comprised
within any reserve forest or the territorial waters as a
SANCTUARY

if it considers that such area is of adequate ecological,

faunal, floral, geomorphological, natural or zoological
significance,

for the purpose of protecting, propagating or

developing wild life or its environment.
NATIONAL PARKS

• Whenever it appears to the State Government that

an area, whether within a sanctuary or not, is, by
reason of its
ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological or
zoological association or importance, needed to be
constituted as National Park for the

purpose of protecting, propogating or developing wild

life therein or its environment,

it may, by notification, declare its intention to constitute

such area as a National Park
PENALTIES

• Imprisonments varying from six months upto seven

years and/or fine ranging from ₹500 upto not less
than ₹10,000 depending on the nature or
seriousness of the offence committed regarding the
specified wildlife.

• Forfeiture of Property Derived from Illegal Hunting

and Trade or a fine equal to the market value of
such property in lieu or forfeiture.
Conclusion

• Like forests wildlife is also a natural resources which

not only helps in maintaining the ecological balance
but is also beneficial from economic, recreational
and aesthetic points of view. There was a time when
human interference was minimum, the number of
wild animals was quite high and there was no
problem of their protection or conservation.
• Several species of animals have been pronounced
extinct and several others are at the verge of
extinction. Therefore, the need for wildlife
conservation has now become a necessity.
Thank you